CHEBI:15727

Three steps

• 11-cis-retinalReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  3. 11-cis-retinol:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by NAA10, DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1 and 9 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+)Reach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by NAA10, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 5 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus

• hexadecan-1-olReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. formate dehydrogenase (palmitoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by NAA10, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 7 morecytosol, peroxisome

• sulfateReach from here →
  1. Nalpha-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine hydrolase
  2. transport of beta-alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by CNDP1, CNDP2, SLC6A6, SLC6A14 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• ureaReach from here →
  1. Nalpha-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine hydrolase
  2. beta-alanine + L-arginine = 3-guanidinopropanoate + L-ornithine
  3. 3-guanidinopropanoate + H2O = urea + beta-alanine

  Catalysed by CNDP1, CNDP2, GATM, AGMATcytosolOne of 4 routes

• 11-cis-retinyl hexadecanoateReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by NAA10, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 10 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-cystineReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Alanine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter

  Catalysed by NAA10, SLC7A9, SLC3A1cytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 9 routes

• (R)-3-aminoisobutyric acidReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by NAA10, AGXT2cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• phosphatidic acidReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 2-O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by NAA10, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 10 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus, mitochondrial matrixOne of 7 routes

• iodideReach from here →
  1. Nalpha-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine hydrolase
  2. transport of beta-alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by CNDP1, CNDP2, SLC6A6, SLC6A14 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• nitric oxideReach from here →
  1. Nalpha-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine hydrolase
  2. transport of arginine and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Arginine, NADPH:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (Nitric-Oxide-Forming)

  Catalysed by CNDP1, CNDP2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:16523Reach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by NAA10, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithineReach from here →
  1. Nalpha-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine hydrolase
  2. beta-alanine + L-arginine = 3-guanidinopropanoate + L-ornithine
  3. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by CNDP1, CNDP2, GATM, ACY1cytosol

• 2-phenylacetamideReach from here →
  1. Nalpha-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine hydrolase
  2. transport of histidine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-phenylalanine:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by CNDP1, CNDP2, SLC7A6, EPXcytosol, extracellular space

• CHEBI:16633Reach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by NAA10, SCLYcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• Met-tRNA(Met)Reach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. L-Methionine:tRNAMet ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by NAA10, NAGS, MARS1cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by NAA10, NAGS, AADATcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• N-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. Nalpha-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine hydrolase
  2. transport of histidine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (S)-lactate + L-phenylalanine = N-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-phenylalanine + H2O

  Catalysed by CNDP1, CNDP2, SLC7A6cytosol, extracellular space

• 2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)
  3. L-cystathionine cysteine-lyase (deaminating

  Catalysed by NAA10, NAGS, CTHcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• tryptamineReach from here →
  1. Nalpha-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine hydrolase
  2. transport of histidine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tryptophan decarboxy-lyase

  Catalysed by CNDP1, CNDP2, SLC7A6, DDCcytosol, extracellular space

• 2-oxoglutaramateReach from here →
  1. Nalpha-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine hydrolase
  2. transport of glutamine and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Glutamine:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by CNDP1, CNDP2, SLC7A6, KYAT1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:16856Reach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. N-acetyl-LTE4 to leukotriene E4 conversion
  3. transport of GSH and leukotriene E4 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by NAA10, ZDHHC11B, ESCO2, ESCO1 and 29 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 6 routes

• pantetheine 4'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal (CoA)
  3. Dephospho-CoA nucleotidohydrolase

  Catalysed by NAA10, ACP2, ENPP3, ENPP1cytosol, lysosomeOne of 2 routes

• psychosineReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase

  Catalysed by NAA10, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 1 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus

• glyoxylic acidReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. glycine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by NAA10, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, peroxisome

• N-acetyl-L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. Nalpha-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine hydrolase
  2. L-aspartate + H(+) = beta-alanine + CO2
  3. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by CNDP1, CNDP2, GADL1, CSAD and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by NAA10, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 5 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus, mitochondrial matrix

• oxalic acidReach from here →
  1. Nalpha-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine hydrolase
  2. transport of beta-alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride and oxalate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by CNDP1, CNDP2, SLC6A6, SLC6A14 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space

• a cholesterol esterReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. an acyl-CoA + cholesterol = a cholesterol ester + CoA

  Catalysed by NAA10, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 3 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus

• taurolithocholateReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)
  3. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (lithocholate)

  Catalysed by NAA10, BAATcytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-glutamic 5-semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. Nalpha-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine hydrolase
  2. beta-alanine + L-arginine = 3-guanidinopropanoate + L-ornithine
  3. L-Ornithine:2-oxo-acid aminotransferase

  Catalysed by CNDP1, CNDP2, GATM, OATcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• S-(4,8-dimethylnonanoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. Carnitine Dimethyl Nonanoyl Transferase, Revsible, Peroxisomal
  3. 4,8-dimethylnonanoyl-CoA + H2O = S-(4,8-dimethylnonanoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by NAA10, CRAT, CROT, NUDT19cytosol, peroxisome

• S-(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (linolenate)
  3. (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoA + H2O = S-(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by NAA10, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 morecytosol

• S-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + H2O = S-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by NAA10, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 morecytosol

• S-(9Z-hexadecenoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (palmitolate)
  3. (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + H2O = S-(9Z-hexadecenoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by NAA10, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 morecytosol

• itaconateReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. Itaconate:CoA ligase (GDP-forming)
  3. Itaconate:CoA ligase (GDP-forming)

  Catalysed by NAA10, SUCLG1, SUCLG2, SUCLA2cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• N-octadecanoyl-heptadecasphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearate)
  3. heptadecasphing-4-enine + octadecanoyl-CoA = N-octadecanoyl-heptadecasphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by NAA10, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 morecytosol

• all-trans-retinolReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  3. all-trans-Retinol 11-cis-trans-isomerase

  Catalysed by NAA10, DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1 and 2 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• linoleic acidReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. Utilized Transport

  Catalysed by NAA10, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bcytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:17380Reach from here →
  1. Nalpha-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine hydrolase
  2. transport of histidine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Transport of 3-Hydroxy-L-Kynurenine

  Catalysed by CNDP1, CNDP2, SLC7A6, SLC7A5cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylateReach from here →
  1. Nalpha-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine hydrolase
  2. transport of histidine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-proline:(acceptor) oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by CNDP1, CNDP2, SLC7A6, PRODH2cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• agmatineReach from here →
  1. Nalpha-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine hydrolase
  2. transport of arginine and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-arginine carboxy-lyase (agmatine-forming)

  Catalysed by CNDP1, CNDP2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6cytosol, extracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

• 1-(alk-1-enyl)-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. Acyl-CoA:1-alkenylglycerophosphoethanolamine O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by NAA10, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 5 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus

• O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. palmitoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase

  Catalysed by NAA10, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 1 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 14 routes

• AH2Reach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)
  3. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by NAA10, BAAT, MTO1cytosolOne of 6 routes

• 1-O-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+)Reach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  3. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase (11-Cis)

  Catalysed by NAA10, DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1 and 2 morecytosol

• S-methyl-5'-thioadenosineReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. S-adenosylmethioninamine:spermidine 3-aminopropyltransferase

  Catalysed by NAA10, SAT1, SAT2, SRM and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5-aminolevulinic acidReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. succinyl-CoA:glycine C-succinyltransferase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by NAA10, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoateReach from here →
  1. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  3. all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoate + H2O = 11-cis-retinol + hexadecanoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by NAA10, DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1 and 3 morecytosol

• indole-3-pyruvateReach from here →
  1. Nalpha-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine hydrolase
  2. transport of histidine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tryptophan + O2 + H2O = indole-3-pyruvate + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by CNDP1, CNDP2, SLC7A6, IL4I1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes