histamine

Three steps

• urateReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glutathione:dehydroascorbate oxidoreductase
  3. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosol

• 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophanReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + H(+) = serotonin + CO2

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, DDCextracellular space, cytosol

• prostaglandin F1Reach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of prostaglandin E1 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin E1 + NADPH + H(+) = prostaglandin F1 + NADP(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, DHRS1extracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:17895Reach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. transport of cysteine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 13 routes

• CHEBI:17927Reach from here →
  1. L-histidine + H(+) = histamine + CO2
  2. L-histidine(out) + L-arginine(in) + Na(+)(out) = L-histidine(in) + L-arginine(out) + Na(+)(in)
  3. Transport by Y+Lat-2 into Extracellular Space

  Catalysed by HDC, SLC7A6, SLC3A2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol

• butanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. butanoate(out) + estrone 3-sulfate(in) = butanoate(in) + estrone 3-sulfate(out)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, SLC22A9extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• 3-phenylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. L-histidine + H(+) = histamine + CO2
  2. L-histidine(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-histidine(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)
  3. Phenylalanine Transaminase, Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by HDC, SLC7A8, GOT2, TATinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• CHEBI:18019Reach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. transport of cysteine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 12 routes

• L-glutamineReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. transport of cysteine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLC3A2, SLC7A5 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 18 routes

• (R)-3,4-dihydroxymandelaldehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-noradrenaline + O2 + H2O = (R)-3,4-dihydroxymandelaldehyde + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, MAOA, MAOBextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:18183Reach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  3. gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase ((5-L-glutamyl)-L-amino acid)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, GGT1, GGT5 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-phenylethylamineReach from here →
  1. L-histidine + H(+) = histamine + CO2
  2. L-histidine(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-histidine(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)
  3. L-phenylalanine carboxy-lyase (phenylethylamine-forming)

  Catalysed by HDC, SLC7A8, DDCinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• (R)-normetanephrineReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:catechol O-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, COMT, LRTOMTextracellular space, cytosol

• S-methylmercury-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. L-histidine + H(+) = histamine + CO2
  2. L-histidine(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-histidine(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)
  3. S-methylmercury-L-cysteine(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = S-methylmercury-L-cysteine(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)

  Catalysed by HDC, SLC7A8inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Formation of Homocystine
  3. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, MTRextracellular space, cytosol

• S-disulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-cysteine = S-disulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, CARS2extracellular space, cytosol

• O-[(5Z),(8Z),(11Z),(14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-beta-D-glucuronateReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = O-[(5Z),(8Z),(11Z),(14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-beta-D-glucuronate + UDP

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, UGT1A9 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 20-O-(beta-D-glucuronosyl)-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division (Rnd) Tcdb:2.A.60.1.5
  3. 20-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = 20-O-(beta-D-glucuronosyl)-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + UDP + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, UGT2B7 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 15-O-(beta-D-glucuronosyl)-prostaglandin B1Reach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of prostaglandin B1 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin B1 + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = 15-O-(beta-D-glucuronosyl)-prostaglandin B1 + UDP + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, UGT1A9 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• serotonin O-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. serotonin + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = serotonin O-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT1A3, SULT1A4extracellular space, cytosol

• (R)-noradrenaline 4'-O-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. sulfotransferase (noradrenaline)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT1A3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-homocysteine thiolactoneReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Formation of Homocystine
  3. arylesterase (homocysteine-thiolactone)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, PON1, PON2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• ursodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. ursodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = ursodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT2A1extracellular space, cytosol

• tauroursodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. tauroursodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = tauroursodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT2A1extracellular space, cytosol

• glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of glycoursodeoxycholate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. glycoursodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT2A1extracellular space, cytosol

• chenodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (chenodiol)
  3. chenodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = chenodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT2A1extracellular space, cytosol

• deoxycholateReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (cholate)
  3. cytochrome P450 (cholate)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, CYP7A1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• potassium atomReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLC6A4extracellular space, cytosol

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-ethanolamineReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. fatty acylamide amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, FAAHextracellular space, cytosol

• 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of dopamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. monoamine oxidase (dopamine)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, AOC2, AOC1 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-oneReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 3beta-Hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one 3-sulfate sulfohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, STSextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:28701Reach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (chenodiol)
  3. chenodeoxycholate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLC27A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:28918Reach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, PNMTextracellular space, cytosol

• N-acetyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, NAGSextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• a dicarboxylateReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of prostaglandin E2 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin E2(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLC22A6extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• iron(2+)Reach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glutathione:dehydroascorbate oxidoreductase
  3. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, CYBRD1extracellular space, cytosol

• K(+)Reach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. serotonin(out) + K(+)(in) + Na(+)(out) + H(+)(in) = serotonin(in) + K(+)(out) + Na(+)(in) + H(+)(out)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLC6A4extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

• Ca(2+)Reach from here →
  1. L-histidine + H(+) = histamine + CO2
  2. 4-aminobutanoate + L-histidine + ATP = L-homocarnosine + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. Transport of Homocarnosine

  Catalysed by HDC, CARNS1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• Cys-tRNA(Cys)Reach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. L-Cysteine:tRNA(Cys) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, CARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• Phe-tRNA(Phe)Reach from here →
  1. L-histidine + H(+) = histamine + CO2
  2. L-histidine(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-histidine(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)
  3. L-Phenylalanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by HDC, SLC7A8, FARSB, FARSAinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• chlorine(.)Reach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. transport of chloride and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• hydrogen sulfideReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, CTHextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. L-histidine + H(+) = histamine + CO2
  2. L-histidine(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-histidine(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)
  3. L-aspartate(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)

  Catalysed by HDC, SLC7A8, SLC7A13inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• acetateReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, BCHE, ACHEextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• formic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. alcohol dehydrogenase (formaldehyde)
  3. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, ADH1C, ADH1A and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• glutarateReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (glycocholate)
  3. glycocholate(out) + glutarate(in) = glycocholate(in) + glutarate(out)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLC22A24extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 12 routes

• pentanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. pentanoate(in) + estrone 3-sulfate(out) = pentanoate(out) + estrone 3-sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, SLC22A9extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• L-lysineReach from here →
  1. L-histidine + H(+) = histamine + CO2
  2. L-histidine(in) + L-ornithine(out) + H(+)(in) = L-histidine(out) + L-ornithine(in) + H(+)(out)
  3. L-ornithine(out) + L-lysine(in) = L-ornithine(in) + L-lysine(out)

  Catalysed by HDC, SLC25A2, SLC25A15inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

• D-lysineReach from here →
  1. L-histidine + H(+) = histamine + CO2
  2. L-histidine(in) + L-ornithine(out) + H(+)(in) = L-histidine(out) + L-ornithine(in) + H(+)(out)
  3. D-lysine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-lysine(out) + L-ornithine(in)

  Catalysed by HDC, SLC25A2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• putrescineReach from here →
  1. L-histidine + H(+) = histamine + CO2
  2. L-histidine(in) + L-ornithine(out) + H(+)(in) = L-histidine(out) + L-ornithine(in) + H(+)(out)
  3. L-ornithine carboxy-lyase (putrescine-forming)

  Catalysed by HDC, SLC25A2, ODC1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 4 routes