Skip to content

Reference

Evidence

CompoundsSubstances with curated findings
OutcomesMeasured endpoints
ProteinsTransporters and enzymes
InteractionsPairs that share biology
PapersEvery paper a finding cites
ArticlesReadings of the evidence

Chemistry

ReactionsRhea and Human-GEM, by subsystem
ReachWhat a compound can become

Reference layer

PathwaysReactions grouped under one name
ProcessesWhat proteins are annotated as doing
AnatomyTissues, by what is expressed there
Cell typesCells, by what is expressed there
OrganismsSpecies a compound is prepared from
MaterialsSubstances that are not one molecule
AssessmentsRegulatory determinations, transcribed
DiseasesFeatures, genes, and where each sits

Atlas Graph Twin Access

Search the graph

Reference

Evidence

Compounds
Outcomes
Proteins
Interactions
Papers
Articles

Chemistry

Reactions
Reach

Reference layer

Pathways
Processes
Anatomy
Cell types
Organisms
Materials
Assessments
Diseases

Atlas Graph Twin Access

Loading the page.

Catalyst

Computational infrastructure for human biology, built on a provenance-aware knowledge graph. Findings retain their sources; research and simulation are the next layers.

The graph

Compounds
Outcomes
Proteins
Atlas
Interactions
Papers
Articles
Graph
Search

Reference layer

Pathways
Processes
Anatomy
Cell types
Organisms
Materials
Assessments
Diseases
Reactions
Reach

How it works

Mission
Method
Twin
How to read the evidence
Sources and licences

Build on it

Access
In your assistant
For agents
Query the graph
Bulk export

A reference for what the literature reports. Not medical advice.

© 2026 CatalystPrivacy TermsReference data under the licences listed on the attribution page.

CHEBI:28918

362,296 routes · scope human · up to 3 steps · built 5 October 2026 · Reactions · API

Inferred

Every route here is a hypothesis drawn from reference reactions (Rhea and Human-GEM), not a finding. Currency species such as water, ATP and NAD(H) never form a step. Evidence key

12 compounds within 3 steps: 2 in 1, 2 in 2, 8 in 3

Does it reach a compound?

One step

N(2)-[4-(indol-3-yl)butanoyl]-L-glutamineReach from here →
1. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:catechol O-methyltransferase
Catalysed by COMT, LRTOMTcytosol
methylamineReach from here →
1. monoamine oxidase (adrenaline)
Catalysed by MAOA, MAOBcytosol

Two steps

formaldehydeReach from here →
1. monoamine oxidase (adrenaline)
2. methylamine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating) (copper-containing)
Catalysed by MAOA, MAOB, AOC2, AOC1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes
(R)-adrenalineReach from here →
1. monoamine oxidase (adrenaline)
2. (R)-adrenaline + O2 + H2O = (R)-3,4-dihydroxymandelaldehyde + methylamine + H2O2
Catalysed by MAOA, MAOBcytosol

Three steps

formateReach from here →
Catalysed by MAOA, MAOB, AOC2, AOC1 and 2 morecytosol
methanethiolReach from here →
Catalysed by and 2 more

cytosol

CHEBI:17724Reach from here →

monoamine oxidase (adrenaline)
methylamine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating) (copper-containing)
dimethylglycine dehydrogenase (formaldehyde)

Catalysed by MAOA, MAOB, AOC2, AOC1 and 3 morecytosol

(R)-3,4-dihydroxymandelaldehydeReach from here →

monoamine oxidase (adrenaline)
(R)-adrenaline + O2 + H2O = (R)-3,4-dihydroxymandelaldehyde + methylamine + H2O2
(R)-adrenaline + O2 + H2O = (R)-3,4-dihydroxymandelaldehyde + methylamine + H2O2

Catalysed by MAOA, MAOBcytosol

(6R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →

monoamine oxidase (adrenaline)
methylamine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating) (copper-containing)
formaldehyde to 5,10-methylene-THF conversion

Catalysed by MAOA, MAOB, AOC2, AOC1 and 1 morecytosol

(R)-adrenaline 4'-O-sulfateReach from here →

monoamine oxidase (adrenaline)
(R)-adrenaline + O2 + H2O = (R)-3,4-dihydroxymandelaldehyde + methylamine + H2O2
(R)-adrenaline + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = (R)-adrenaline 4'-O-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

Catalysed by MAOA, MAOB, SULT1A3, SULT1A4cytosol

sarcosineReach from here →

monoamine oxidase (adrenaline)
methylamine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating) (copper-containing)
sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2

Catalysed by MAOA, MAOB, AOC2, AOC1 and 2 morecytosol

S-formylglutathioneReach from here →

monoamine oxidase (adrenaline)
methylamine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating) (copper-containing)
alcohol dehydrogenase (formaldehyde)

Catalysed by MAOA, MAOB, AOC2, AOC1 and 7 morecytosol