L-isoleucine

Two steps

• L-glutamic 5-semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of isoleucine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Ornithine:2-oxo-acid aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, OATextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• anilineReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Isoleucine
  2. Acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by NAT2, NAT1mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• CHEBI:17312Reach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Isoleucine
  2. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion

  No catalyst recordedmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:17380Reach from here →
  1. transport of isoleucine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of 3-Hydroxy-L-Kynurenine

  Catalysed by SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylateReach from here →
  1. transport of isoleucine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-proline:(acceptor) oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, PRODH2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• agmatineReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-arginine carboxy-lyase (agmatine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• AH2Reach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOSextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 5-aminolevulinic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. succinyl-CoA:glycine C-succinyltransferase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, ALAS1, ALAS2, CPNE7extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• indole-3-pyruvateReach from here →
  1. transport of isoleucine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-tryptophan + O2 + H2O = indole-3-pyruvate + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, IL4I1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Isoleucine
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:3->C16:3), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by HADHA, ACADVL, HADHBmitochondrial matrix

• Ala-tRNA(Ala)Reach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Alanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• glycine betaineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of betaine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC6A12extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• trans-urocanateReach from here →
  1. transport of histidine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-histidine ammonia-lyase (urocanate-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, HALextracellular space, cytosol

• 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophanReach from here →
  1. transport of isoleucine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tryptophan + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, TPH1, TPH2extracellular space, cytosol

• 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of isoleucine and leucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Leucine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BCAT2extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:17927Reach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport by Y+Lat-2 into Extracellular Space

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, SLC3A2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-phenylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. transport of isoleucine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Phenylalanine Transaminase, Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GOT2, TATextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• CHEBI:18095Reach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of Hydroxy-Proline

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC1A4extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• N-carbamoyl-beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of 3-Ureidopropionate

  Catalysed by SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamideReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 5-Phospho-D-ribosylamine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GARTextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-phenylethylamineReach from here →
  1. transport of isoleucine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-phenylalanine carboxy-lyase (phenylethylamine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, DDCextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidineReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 5'-Phosphoribosylformylglycinamide:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, PFASextracellular space, cytosol

• ophthalmateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-(2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glycine + ATP = ophthalmate + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GSSextracellular space, cytosol

• S-methylmercury-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of isoleucine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. S-methylmercury-L-cysteine(out) + L-methionine(in) = S-methylmercury-L-cysteine(in) + L-methionine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC7A8extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 6 routes

• 2-aminoisobutanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 2-aminoisobutanoate(out) + L-alanine(in) = 2-aminoisobutanoate(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SHMT1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• S-disulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-cysteine = S-disulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, CARS2extracellular space, cytosol

• (5Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Isoleucine
  2. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-7-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by HADHA, ACAA2, HADHBmitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (11Z)-docosenoyl-CoA(4-)Reach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Isoleucine
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-cetoleic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• (7Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Isoleucine
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((7Z)-tetradecenoic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Isoleucine
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:4->C16:4), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by HADHA, ACADVL, HADHBmitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (7Z,10Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Isoleucine
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation Trans (C18:2->C16:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by HADHA, ACADVL, HADHBmitochondrial matrix

• (4Z,7Z)-decadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Isoleucine
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C12:3->C10:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by ECHS1, ACAA2, HADHmitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (5Z)-octenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Isoleucine
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C10:2->C8:1), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by ECHS1, ACAA2, HADHmitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:240943Reach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• hypochlorous acidReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Peroxidase

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, LPOextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• potassium atomReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC12A2, SLC12A1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• phenylacetylglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. phenylacetyl-CoA:glycine N-phenylacetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GLYATextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:27540Reach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Isoleucine
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (hexanoic acid)

  Catalysed by ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A, ACSM3 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• elaidic acidReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Isoleucine
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (elaidate)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• 5-hydroxytryptophanReach from here →
  1. transport of isoleucine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Tryptophan, Tetrahydrobiopterin:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (5-Hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, TPH1, TPH2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:28666Reach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. LTD4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:28701Reach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Isoleucine
  2. Propanoyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by ACAA1, SCP2, MYO5Bmitochondrial matrix, peroxisomeOne of 7 routes

• pyridoxine 5'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SCLYextracellular space, cytosol

• N-acetyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, NAGSextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• K(+)Reach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC1A1extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• Cys-tRNA(Cys)Reach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Cysteine:tRNA(Cys) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, CARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• Phe-tRNA(Phe)Reach from here →
  1. transport of isoleucine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Phenylalanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, FARSB, FARSAextracellular space, cytosol

• Gly-tRNA(Gly)Reach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine:tRNA(Gly) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GARS1extracellular space, cytosol