iodide

Three steps

• 2-(N(omega)-L-arginino)succinateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 2-(Nomega-L-arginino)succinate arginine-lyase (fumarate-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, ASLextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (R)-S-lactoylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. thyroxine 5'-deiodinase (3,3-diiodo-L-thyronine)
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal-lyase (isomerizing)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, DIO2, SLCO1A2 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• carnosineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of beta-alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. beta-alanine + L-histidine + ATP = carnosine + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A6, SLC6A14, CARNS1extracellular space, cytosol

• 4-guanidinobutanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 4-aminobutanoate + L-arginine = 4-guanidinobutanoate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, GATMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-dopaReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-dopa(out) + L-phenylalanine(in) = L-dopa(in) + L-phenylalanine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, SLC7A8extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• O-acetyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, CPT1A, CPT1C and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• 3-guanidinopropanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. beta-alanine + L-arginine = 3-guanidinopropanoate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, GATMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-histidineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-histidine(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-histidine(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, SLC7A8extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 5 routes

• an N-acylglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. an acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-acylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, GLYATL3 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, GOT2, GOT1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• S-formylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. thyroxine 5'-deiodinase (3,3-diiodo-L-thyronine)
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. alcohol dehydrogenase (formaldehyde)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, DIO2, SLCO1A2 and 7 morecytosol, extracellular space

• succinate semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of 4-aminobutyrate and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 4-aminobutanoate + 2-oxoglutarate = succinate semialdehyde + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A12, ABATextracellular space, cytosol

• D-threonineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• N-sulfo-D-glucosamineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N-sulfo-D-glucosamine + H2O = D-glucosamine + sulfate

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC26A6, SGSHextracellular space, cytosol

• dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. thyroxine 5'-deiodinase (3,3-diiodo-L-thyronine)
  2. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, DIO2, SLCO1A2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• L-dopaquinoneReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Tyrosine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-Tyrosine,L-dopa:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, TYRextracellular space, cytosol

• glutathioneReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, GSSextracellular space, cytosol

• L-threonineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-threonine(in) + L-glutamine(out) + Na(+)(out) = L-threonine(out) + L-glutamine(in) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, SLC1A5extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 8 routes

• L-saccharopineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N6-(L-1,3-Dicarboxypropyl)-L-lysine:NADP+ oxidoreductase (L-lysine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, AASSextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. Transport of L-Kynurenine

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, SLC7A8extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• leukotriene C4Reach from here →
  1. thyroxine 5'-deiodinase (3,3-diiodo-L-thyronine)
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. leukotriene C4 synthase (GSH)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, DIO2, SLCO1A2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 7 routes

• taurocyamineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A6, GATMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-cysteateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. L-cysteate + H(+) = taurine + CO2

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A6, GADL1, CSADextracellular space, cytosol

• 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, KYNUextracellular space, cytosol

• gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-glutamate:L-cysteine gamma-ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, GCLC, GCLMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 6-amino-2-oxohexanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-lysine:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome

• L-homocysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, BHMT2extracellular space, cytosol

• carbamoyl phosphateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. HCO3-:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, CADextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• adenosine 5'-phosphosulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. ATP:sulfate adenylyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC26A6, PAPSS1, PAPSS2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• N,N-dimethylglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of betaine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-homocysteine + glycine betaine = N,N-dimethylglycine + L-methionine

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A12, BHMTextracellular space, cytosol

• S-methyl-L-methionineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, BHMT2extracellular space, cytosol

• glutathione disulfideReach from here →
  1. thyroxine 5'-deiodinase (3,3-diiodo-L-thyronine)
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Glutathione: 5-HPETE oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, DIO2, SLCO1A2 and 10 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 13 routes

• taurolithocholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. thyroxine 5'-deiodinase (3,3-diiodo-L-thyronine)
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of GSH and sulfotaurolithocholate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, DIO2, SLCO1A2 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. iodide:hydrogen-peroxide oxidoreductase
  2. thyroid peroxidase (iodine)
  3. iodide + L-tyrosine + NADP(+) = 3-iodo-L-tyrosine + NADPH

  Catalysed by TPO, IYDcytosolOne of 4 routes

• N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, AGXT2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• trans-4-hydroxy-L-prolineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, SLC1A4extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• histamineReach from here →
  1. thyroxine 5'-deiodinase (3,3-diiodo-L-thyronine)
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of GSH and histamine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, DIO2, SLCO1A2 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 5 routes

• 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-arginine + O2 + H2O = 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoate + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, IL4I1extracellular space, cytosol

• S-sulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 2 L-cysteine = S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, CARS2extracellular space, cytosol

• N-formyl-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Tryptophan by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, IDO1, TDO2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (glutamine)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, PPATextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. D-fructose 6-phosphate + L-glutamine = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, GFPT2, GFPT1extracellular space, cytosol

• L-methionine (S)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, MSRAextracellular space, cytosol

• L-methionine (R)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (R)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, MSRB3, MSRB1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• S-sulfanylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. thyroxine 5'-deiodinase (3,3-diiodo-L-thyronine)
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Sulfide:glutathione,quinone oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, DIO2, SLCO1A2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, GLYATL2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-[(R)-4-phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate:L-cysteine ligase

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC6A14, PPCSextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• dopamineReach from here →
  1. thyroxine 5'-deiodinase (3,3-diiodo-L-thyronine)
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of dopamine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, DIO2, SLCO1A2 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• glycolithocholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. thyroxine 5'-deiodinase (3,3-diiodo-L-thyronine)
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of GSH and sulfoglycolithocholate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, DIO2, SLCO1A2 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• a 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. thyroxine 5'-deiodinase (3,3-diiodo-L-thyronine)
  2. 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2
  3. a 2,3-saturated acyl-CoA + A = a 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + AH2

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, DIO2, ACAD10cytosol