hexadecanoyl-CoA

Three steps

• (R)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. aldehyde dehydrogenase (2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (S)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 3'-dephospho-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal (CoA)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 4 morecytosol, lysosomeOne of 2 routes

• (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoA formation

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-ketopristanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 5 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (gamma-linolenate)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 11 morecytosolOne of 8 routes

• butanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. palmitoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase
  3. transport of butyryl-CoA and L-carnitine (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, SLC33A1 and 2 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• dodecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lauric acid)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 11 morecytosolOne of 10 routes

• glutaryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 6 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• eicosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (eicosanoate)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 11 morecytosolOne of 13 routes

• itaconyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. Itaconate:CoA ligase (GDP-forming)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 6 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 11 morecytosolOne of 14 routes

• tetradecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. palmitoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C16->C14), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, HADHA and 2 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 14 routes

• (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycerol + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-di-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-3-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + CoA
  2. 1,2-di-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-3-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + H2O = 1-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-3-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+)
  3. (9Z)-octadecenoate + ATP + CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by DGAT1, AWAT2, DGAT2, PNPLA2 and 8 more

• phytanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. phytanate-CoA ligase

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 3 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• octadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. palmitoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase
  3. fatty-acyl-CoA synthase (N-C18:0CoA)

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1Bperoxisome, cytosolOne of 23 routes

• sarcosineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, PIPOXOne of 2 routes

• (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolateReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SHMT1, SHMT2

• a long-chain fatty acidReach from here →
  1. dihydroxyacetone phosphate + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoylglycerone 3-phosphate + CoA
  2. 1-hexadecanoylglycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain fatty acid = a 1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate + hexadecanoate
  3. a long chain fatty alcohol + a 1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate = a 1-O-alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain fatty acid + H(+)

  Catalysed by GNPAT, AGPS

• (R)-2-hydroxyoctadecanoateReach from here →
  1. 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-octadecanoyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  2. 1-octadecanoyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + octadecanoate + H(+)
  3. octadecanoate + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (R)-2-hydroxyoctadecanoate + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + H2O

  Catalysed by LPCAT3, LPCAT1, PLAAT3, FA2H

• O-acetyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. palmitoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase
  3. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, CPT1Cperoxisome, cytosolOne of 12 routes

• dihydroxyacetone phosphateReach from here →
  1. sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + H2O = sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + NAD(+) = dihydroxyacetone phosphate + NADH + H(+)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT4, GPAM, LYPLA2 and 4 moreOne of 2 routes

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  2. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + a sphingomyelin
  3. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = a sphingomyelin + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol

  Catalysed by PRDX6, LPCAT3, LPCAT1, SGMS2 and 1 moreOne of 11 routes

• an N-acylglycineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  3. an acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-acylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, GLYATL3, GLYAT and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• guanidinoacetateReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, GATMcytosolOne of 2 routes

• spermidineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 5 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-methionineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 6 routes

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol)Reach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  3. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + CoA

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, LCLAT1, MBOAT7cytosol

• L-tryptophanReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. transport of glycine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• glutathioneReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, GSS

• sphinganine 1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. L-serine + hexadecanoyl-CoA + H(+) = 3-oxosphinganine + CO2 + CoA
  2. Sphinganine:NADP+ 3-oxidoreductase
  3. ATP:sphinganine 1-phosphotransferase

  Catalysed by SPTLC1, SPTLC2, SPTLC3, KDSR and 3 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + H2O = sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + an acyl-CoA = a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT4, GPAM, LYPLA2 and 3 moreOne of 2 routes

• L-alanineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 7 routes

• leukotriene C4Reach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. leukotriene C4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by GLYATL3cytosol

• L-asparagineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• glycerol 2-phosphateReach from here →
  1. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  2. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 2 H2O = sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine + 2 hexadecanoate + 2 H(+)
  3. Glycerophosphocholine Phosphodiesterase

  Catalysed by PRDX6, LPCAT3, LPCAT1, PLB1 and 1 morecytosol

• L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• L,L-cystathionineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)Reach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(out) + cholesterol(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(in) + cholesterol(out)

  Catalysed by CERS6, TLCD3B, CERS5, CERS2 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + L-serine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + ethanolamine
  3. ethanolamine + ATP = phosphoethanolamine + ADP + H(+)

  Catalysed by LPGAT1, PTDSS2, CHKA, ETNK1 and 2 more

• CDP-glycerolReach from here →
  1. sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + H2O = sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. CDP-glycerol + H2O = sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + CMP + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT4, GPAM, LYPLA2 and 3 more

• L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, AADAT

• N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, AGXT2

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate)Reach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate)(out) + cholesterol(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate)(in) + cholesterol(out)

  Catalysed by CERS6, TLCD3B, CERS5, CERS2 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (3Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-5-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 6 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. sphinganine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoylsphinganine + CoA + H(+)
  2. N-hexadecanoylsphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = N-hexadecanoyl-sphinganine-1-phosphocholine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + ATP = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + ADP + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS6, CERS5, CERS2, SGMS1 and 12 moreOne of 2 routes

• (25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 5 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• CDP-cholineReach from here →
  1. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  2. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + phosphocholine + H(+)
  3. phosphocholine + CTP + H(+) = CDP-choline + diphosphate

  Catalysed by PRDX6, LPCAT3, LPCAT1, SMPD1 and 2 moreOne of 2 routes

• deoxycholoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. cholate-CoA ligase (3alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanate)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 5 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, GLYATL2One of 2 routes