palmitoyl-CoA

Two steps

• (R)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. aldehyde dehydrogenase (2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (S)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 3'-dephospho-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal (CoA)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 2 morecytosol, lysosomeOne of 2 routes

• (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoA formation

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 3-oxohexadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C16->C14), Mitochondrial
  2. tetradecanoyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA + H(+) = 3-oxohexadecanoyl-CoA + CO2 + CoA

  Catalysed by HADHA, ACADVL, HADHB, ELOVL6 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix

• 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-ketopristanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 3 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (gamma-linolenate)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 9 morecytosolOne of 8 routes

• butanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 7 morecytosolOne of 9 routes

• dodecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lauric acid)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 9 morecytosolOne of 12 routes

• glutaryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• hexadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. palmitoyl-CoA desaturase (N-C16:0CoA -> N-C16:1CoA)
  2. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5cytosolOne of 4 routes

• eicosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (eicosanoate)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 9 morecytosolOne of 13 routes

• itaconyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. Itaconate:CoA ligase (GDP-forming)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 9 morecytosolOne of 14 routes

• (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. fatty-acyl-CoA synthase (N-C18:0CoA)
  2. octadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5cytosol

• phytanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. phytanate-CoA ligase

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• a 1-acylglycerone 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. 1-hexadecanoylglycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain fatty acid = a 1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate + hexadecanoate

  Catalysed by GNPAT, AGPSperoxisomeOne of 2 routes

• sn-glycerol 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase (palmitoyl-CoA)
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + H2O = sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + hexadecanoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 3 morecytosol

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by LPGAT1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• an N-acylglycineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. an acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-acylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, GLYAT, GLYATL2cytosol

• sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 5 morecytosol, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• sphinganineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:L-serine C-palmitoyltransferase (decarboxylating)
  2. sphinganine + NADP(+) = 3-oxosphinganine + NADPH + H(+)

  Catalysed by SPTLC1, SPTLC2, SPTLC3, KDSRcytosol

• spermidineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 3 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-methionineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol)Reach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + CoA

  Catalysed by LCLAT1, MBOAT7cytosol

• a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + an acyl-CoA = a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAMcytosol

• L-alanineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L-asparagineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L,L-cystathionineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (3Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-5-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA

  Catalysed by AGPAT2, GPAT3, GPAT2, LCLAT1 and 9 morecytosol

• (25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 3 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• deoxycholoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. cholate-CoA ligase (3alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanate)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 3 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• (2E)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C16->C14), Mitochondrial
  2. trans-tetradec-2-enoyl-CoA reductase

  Catalysed by HADHA, ACADVL, HADHB, MECRmitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• decanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 7 morecytosolOne of 8 routes

• a cardiolipinReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. 1'-[1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho],3'-[1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerol + an acyl-CoA = a cardiolipin + CoA

  Catalysed by HADHAcytosol

• (2E)-octenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Beta Oxidation of Long Chain Fatty Acid
  2. trans-oct-2-enoyl-CoA reductase

  Catalysed by ACADM, ACADS, MECRmitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• 3-hydroxyisovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. (3-Hydroxyisovalerylcoa->3-Hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 3 morecytosol

• an all-trans-retinyl esterReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. all-trans-retinol + an acyl-CoA = an all-trans-retinyl ester + CoA

  Catalysed by DGAT1, PNPLA4, AWAT2, DGAT2cytosol

• CHEBI:63544Reach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (adrenic acid)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 9 morecytosolOne of 8 routes

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA

  Catalysed by LPCAT4, LPCAT3, MBOAT1, MBOAT2cytosol

• a triacyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. an acyl-CoA + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol = a triacyl-sn-glycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, AWAT2, MOGAT3 and 2 morecytosol

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + CoA

  Catalysed by LCLAT1, LPCAT1, GPAMcytosol

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase (palmitoyl-CoA)
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 8 morecytosol

• hexacosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cerotic acid)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 9 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• tetracosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lignocerate)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 9 morecytosolOne of 11 routes

• 1-octadecanoyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-1D-myo-inositolReach from here →
  1. fatty-acyl-CoA synthase (N-C18:0CoA)
  2. a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-D-myo-inositol + octadecanoyl-CoA = 1-octadecanoyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-1D-myo-inositol + CoA

  Catalysed by LCLAT1cytosol

• docosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (behenic acid)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 9 morecytosolOne of 10 routes

• 3-oxoeicosasphinganineReach from here →
  1. fatty-acyl-CoA synthase (N-C18:0CoA)
  2. octadecanoyl-CoA + L-serine + H(+) = 3-oxoeicosasphinganine + CO2 + CoA

  Catalysed by SPTLC1, SPTLC2, SPTLC3cytosol

• 3-oxoeicosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. fatty-acyl-CoA synthase (N-C18:0CoA)
  2. very-long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoA synthase (malonyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by ELOVL7, ELOVL1, ELOVL4, ELOVL6 and 3 morecytosolOne of 2 routes