D-ornithine

Three steps

• L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, KYNUinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. beta-alanine(out) + L-alanine(in) = beta-alanine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, SLC7A10inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• leukotriene C4Reach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. leukotriene C4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, GATMinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• dimethylamineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  3. Nomega,Nomega'-dimethyl-L-arginine dimethylamidohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, DDAH1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• taurocyamineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, GATMinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, KYNUinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol

• gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-glutamate:L-cysteine gamma-ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, GCLC, GCLMinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 6-amino-2-oxohexanoateReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of lysine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-lysine:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• L-homocysteineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of methionine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, BHMT2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol

• carbamoyl phosphateReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15
  3. Carbamoyl-phosphate:L-ornithine carbamoyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A9, OTCinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• S-methyl-L-methionineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of methionine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, BHMT2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol

• N-acetylputrescineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. L-ornithine carboxy-lyase (putrescine-forming)
  3. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, ODC1, SAT1, SAT2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 4-aminobutanalReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. L-ornithine carboxy-lyase (putrescine-forming)
  3. putrescine + O2 + H2O = 4-aminobutanal + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, ODC1, AOC1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• L-glutamyl 5-phosphateReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  3. L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + phosphate + NADP(+) = L-glutamyl 5-phosphate + NADPH + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, OAT, ALDH18A1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, GATM, AADATinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N(1)-acetylspermidineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. L-ornithine carboxy-lyase (putrescine-forming)
  3. N(1)-acetylspermidine + O2 + H2O = 3-acetamidopropanal + putrescine + H2O2

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, ODC1, PAOXinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• trans-4-hydroxy-L-prolineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, SLC1A4inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• histamineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of histidine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-histidine carboxy-lyase (histamine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, HDCinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-2-aminopentanoateReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  3. 2-oxopentanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-2-aminopentanoate

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, AGXT2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• kynurenateReach from here →
  1. D-Ornithine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. L-ornithine + glyoxylate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  3. L-kynurenine + glyoxylate = kynurenate + glycine + H2O

  Catalysed by DAO, AGXT2, KYAT3, AADATperoxisome

• L-2-aminohexanoateReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  3. 2-oxohexanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = L-2-aminohexanoate + 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, AGXT2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. L-arginine + O2 + H2O = 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoate + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, GATM, IL4I1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• S-sulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 2 L-cysteine = S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, CARS2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol

• N-formyl-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of ornithine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, IDO1, TDO2 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol

• (3S)-citramalyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-Ornithine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. (3S)-citramalyl-CoA = pyruvate + acetyl-CoA

  Catalysed by DAO, AGXT2, CLYBLperoxisome

• 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of glutamine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (glutamine)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, PPATinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of glutamine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-fructose 6-phosphate + L-glutamine = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, GFPT2, GFPT1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol

• L-methionine (S)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of methionine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, MSRAinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol

• L-methionine (R)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of methionine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (R)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, MSRB3, MSRB1 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, GATM, GLYATL2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-[(R)-4-phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate:L-cysteine ligase

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, PPCSinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 3-iodo-L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of ornithine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. thyroid peroxidase (iodine)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, TPOinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-prolineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, SLC1A4inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-benzoylglycineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. Hippurate (Benzoylglycinate) Formation

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, GATMinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 3-sulfino-L-alanineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Cysteine:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, CDO1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-cysteinylglycineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, GGTLC3, GGT1 and 4 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (4R)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarateReach from here →
  1. D-Ornithine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. (4R)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by DAO, AGXT2, HOGA1peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• N(5)-[(Z)-amino(hydroxyimino)methyl]ornithineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. L-arginine,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (N-(omega)-hydroxyarginine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, GATM, NOS3, NOS1 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• xanthurenateReach from here →
  1. D-Ornithine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. L-ornithine + glyoxylate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + glyoxylate = xanthurenate + glycine + H2O

  Catalysed by DAO, AGXT2, KYAT3, AADATperoxisome

• Mo-molybdopterinReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, MOCOSinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol

• (4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarateReach from here →
  1. D-Ornithine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. (4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by DAO, AGXT2, HOGA1peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• (2S)-2-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate = 2-oxobutanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, GATM, AGXT2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• thio-Mo-molybdopterinReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, MOCOSinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol

• glycodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, GATMinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-tetradecanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. tetradecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-tetradecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, GATM, GLYATL2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• N-eicosanoylglycinateReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. eicosanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-eicosanoylglycinate + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, GATM, BAATinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• N-docosanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. docosanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-docosanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, GATM, BAATinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• N-hexacosanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. hexacosanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexacosanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, GATM, BAATinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• an N(2)-acyl-L-glutamineReach from here →
  1. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  2. transport of glutamine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. an acyl-CoA + L-glutamine = an N(2)-acyl-L-glutamine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A2, SLC7A6, GLYATL1B, GLYATL1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol

• 3-methylmalateReach from here →
  1. D-Ornithine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. L-ornithine + glyoxylate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  3. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by DAO, AGXT2, CLYBLperoxisome