CHEBI:15699

Three steps

• thyronamineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. thyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3-iodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, DIO3extracellular space, cytosol

• 3'-iodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 3'-iodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3',5'-diiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, DIO1, DIO2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3,3'-diiodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 3,3'-diiodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, DIO1, DIO2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3',5'-diiodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 3',5'-diiodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, DIO3extracellular space, cytosol

• 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5,5'-tetraiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, DIO3extracellular space, cytosol

• L-homocysteine thiolactoneReach from here →
  1. transport of homoserine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)
  3. L-homocysteine + ATP = L-homocysteine thiolactone + AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BHMT2, MARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• L-homocysteinyl-AMPReach from here →
  1. transport of homoserine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)
  3. L-homocysteine + ATP + H(+) = L-homocysteinyl-AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BHMT2, MARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• (2E,6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Homoserine
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (gamma-linolenate)
  3. (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoA + oxidized [electron-transfer flavoprotein] + H(+) = (2E,6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatetraenoyl-CoA + reduced [electron-transfer flavoprotein]

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 7 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (2E,7Z,10Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Homoserine
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation Trans (C18:2->C16:2), Mitochondrial
  3. (7Z,10Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoA + oxidized [electron-transfer flavoprotein] + H(+) = (2E,7Z,10Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoA + reduced [electron-transfer flavoprotein]

  Catalysed by HADHA, ACADVL, HADHB, ACADL and 1 moremitochondrial matrix

• (2E,4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Homoserine
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:4->C16:4), Mitochondrial
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C16:4->C16:5), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by HADHA, ACADVL, HADHBmitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• (2E,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Homoserine
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:3->C16:3), Mitochondrial
  3. (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoA + oxidized [electron-transfer flavoprotein] + H(+) = (2E,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatetraenoyl-CoA + reduced [electron-transfer flavoprotein]

  Catalysed by HADHA, ACADVL, HADHB, ACADL and 1 moremitochondrial matrix

• (2E,4Z,7Z)-decatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Homoserine
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C12:3->C10:2), Mitochondrial
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C10:2->C10:3), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by ECHS1, ACAA2, HADH, ACADMmitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 3-(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxynonanalReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (E)-4-hydroxynon-2-enal + glutathione = 3-(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxynonanal

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GSS, GSTP1extracellular space, cytosol

• glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine to glycoursodeoxycholate conversion
  3. glycoursodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SULT2A1extracellular space, cytosol

• glycochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA + glycine = glycochenodeoxycholate + CoA + H(+)
  3. glycochenodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAAT, SULT2A1extracellular space, cytosol

• deoxycholateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase
  3. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosol

• docosanoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Homoserine
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (behenic acid)
  3. Docosanoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• a quinolReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. a quinone + hydrogen sulfide + glutathione + H(+) = S-sulfanylglutathione + a quinol

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GSS, SQORextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• hypochlorous acidReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Peroxidase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, LPOextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• octadecanoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Homoserine
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearate)
  3. Stearoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 8 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• octanoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Homoserine
  2. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase
  3. Octanoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by CROT, ACOT7mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• potassium atomReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, SLC12A2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• imidazole-4-acetaldehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of histidine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-histidine carboxy-lyase (histamine-forming)
  3. amine oxidase copper containing (histamine)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, HDC, AOC2, AOC1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• alpha-linolenic acidReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Homoserine
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. Utilized Transport

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bmitochondrial matrix, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• selenomethionineReach from here →
  1. transport of homoserine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-threonine ammonia-lyase (2-oxobutanoate-forming)
  3. Selenomethionine methanethiol-lyase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by SDS, SDSL, CTHextracellular space, cytosol

• decanoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Homoserine
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)
  3. Decanoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A, ACSM3 and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:27760Reach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)
  3. Selenocystathionine Lysteine-lyase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SCLY, CTHextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acidReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Homoserine
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (DHA)
  3. (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5(S)-HETEReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. Glutathione: 5-HPETE oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GSS, GPX5, GPX1 and 7 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• hexacosan-1-olReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Homoserine
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cerotic acid)
  3. hexacosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H(+) = hexacosan-1-ol + 2 NADP(+) + CoA

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (2-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of homoserine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Phenylalanine Transaminase, Mitochondrial
  3. Phenylpyruvate:oxygen oxidoreductase (hydroxylating,decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GOT2, TAT, HPDextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 3-mercaptolactic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. 3-Mercaptolactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GOT2, GOT1, LDHB and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• O-decanoyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Homoserine
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)
  3. decanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-decanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA

  Catalysed by ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A, ACSM3 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 3-disulfanyl-L-alanineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Alanine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter
  3. L-cystine thiocysteine-lyase (deaminating

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC7A9, SLC3A1, CTHextracellular space, cytosol

• a dicarboxylateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Hippurate (Benzoylglycinate) Formation
  3. N-benzoylglycine(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = N-benzoylglycine(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC22A6, SLC22A8extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-ascorbic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. L-dehydroascorbate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + L-ascorbate

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GSS, CLIC1, GSTO1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• Ca(2+)Reach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  3. Ca(2+)(out) + K(+)(out) + 4 Na(+)(in) = Ca(2+)(in) + K(+)(in) + 4 Na(+)(out)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC1A1, SLC24A1, SLC24A5 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• 3-methyl-1-hydroxybutylthiamine diphosphateReach from here →
  1. transport of homoserine and leucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Leucine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 (4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BCAT2, BCKDHA, BCKDHBextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• Asp-tRNA(Asp)Reach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. L-Aspartate:tRNA(Asp) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, DARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• hypoioditeReach from here →
  1. transport of homoserine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. thyroid peroxidase (iodine)
  3. iodide + H2O2 = hypoiodite + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, TPO, MPO, LPOextracellular space, cytosol

• a thiolReach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. L-cysteinyl-[sulfatase] + 2 a thiol + O2 = an organic disulfide + 3-oxo-L-alanyl-[sulfatase] + hydrogen sulfide + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, CTH, SUMF1extracellular space, cytosol

• hydrogenselenideReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, SCLYextracellular space, cytosol

• phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Homoserine
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. phosphocholine + H2O = choline + phosphate

  Catalysed by CHAT, PHOSPHO1mitochondrial matrix, nucleusOne of 2 routes

• cholateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. solute carrier organic anion transporter (cholate)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• glycolateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  3. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, DAO, GRHPRextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 3 routes

• D-aspartateReach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  3. D-aspartate(out) + K(+)(in) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = D-aspartate(in) + K(+)(out) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC1A1, SLC1A7, SLC1A3 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• acetateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 7 routes

• (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Homoserine
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + H2O = (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 8 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 3-acetamidopropanalReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport by Y+Lat-2 into Extracellular Space
  3. N1-acetylspermidine:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-acetamidopropanal-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, SLC3A2, PAOX, SMOXextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• oxalateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. glyoxylate + O2 + H2O = oxalate + H2O2 + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AADAT, HAO1extracellular space, cytosol