CHEBI:15570

Two steps

• L-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. alanine racemase
  2. transport of alanine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 11 routes

• CHEBI:17203Reach from here →
  1. alanine racemase
  2. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 9 routes

• aceneuramateReach from here →
  1. D-alanine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. aceneuramate = aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by DAO, NPLperoxisome

• 5'-deoxyadenosineReach from here →
  1. D-alanine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O

  Catalysed by DAO, TYW1B, TYW1peroxisome

• AH2Reach from here →
  1. alanine racemase
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by MOCOScytosol

• 5-aminolevulinic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. succinyl-CoA:glycine C-succinyltransferase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, ALAS1, ALAS2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. alanine racemase
  2. transport of alanine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 19 routes

• Ala-tRNA(Ala)Reach from here →
  1. alanine racemase
  2. L-Alanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AARS1cytosol

• CHEBI:17895Reach from here →
  1. alanine racemase
  2. transport of alanine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 12 routes

• CHEBI:18019Reach from here →
  1. alanine racemase
  2. transport of alanine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 6 routes

• dTDPReach from here →
  1. D-alanine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by DAO, PKM, PKLRperoxisome, cytosol

• CHEBI:18095Reach from here →
  1. alanine racemase
  2. Transport of Hydroxy-Proline

  Catalysed by SLC1A4cytosol, extracellular space

• N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamideReach from here →
  1. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 5-Phospho-D-ribosylamine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GARTextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidineReach from here →
  1. transport of D-alanine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 5'-Phosphoribosylformylglycinamide:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, PFASextracellular space, cytosol

• ophthalmateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-(2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glycine + ATP = ophthalmate + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GSSextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-aminoisobutanoateReach from here →
  1. alanine racemase
  2. 2-aminoisobutanoate(out) + L-alanine(in) = 2-aminoisobutanoate(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC7A10cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. D-alanine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by DAO, AGXT2peroxisome

• N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. alanine racemase
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by AGXT2cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. D-alanine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by DAO, AGXT2peroxisome

• 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. D-alanine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by DAO, AGXT2peroxisome

• 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SHMT1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:240943Reach from here →
  1. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GLYAT, GLYATL2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• phenylacetylglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. phenylacetyl-CoA:glycine N-phenylacetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GLYATextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:28666Reach from here →
  1. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. LTD4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol

• pyridoxine 5'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. alanine racemase
  2. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by SCLYcytosol

• Gly-tRNA(Gly)Reach from here →
  1. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine:tRNA(Gly) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• Gln-tRNA(Gln)Reach from here →
  1. transport of D-alanine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Glutamine:tRNA(Gln) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, QARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• chlorine(.)Reach from here →
  1. alanine racemase
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 6 routes

• glycocholateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, BAATextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 3 routes

• L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. alanine racemase
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by AGXT2cytosolOne of 3 routes

• acetateReach from here →
  1. D-alanine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DAO, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 2 moreperoxisome, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• formic acidReach from here →
  1. D-alanine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DAO, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 2 moreperoxisome, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• propionic acidReach from here →
  1. D-alanine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. transport of propanoate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DAO, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreperoxisome, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• butyric acidReach from here →
  1. D-alanine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DAO, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreperoxisome, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-hydroxypyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. D-alanine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by DAO, AGXTperoxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
  1. D-alanine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. 3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine = beta-alanine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by DAO, AGXT2peroxisome

• D-cysteineReach from here →
  1. alanine racemase
  2. D-cysteine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-cysteine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC7A10cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• D-serineReach from here →
  1. alanine racemase
  2. D-serine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-serine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC7A10cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 11 routes

• 5-aminolevulinateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. succinyl-CoA + glycine + H(+) = 5-aminolevulinate + CO2 + CoA

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, ALAS1, ALAS2extracellular space, cytosol

• glycochenodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA + glycine = glycochenodeoxycholate + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, BAATextracellular space, cytosol

• glycochenodeoxycholic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, BAATextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 3 routes

• glyoxylateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, AADATextracellular space, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• glycolithocholic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (glycine)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, BAATextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetyl-CoA:glycine C-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GCATextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (R)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. D-alanine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. (R)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by DAO, LDHDperoxisome, cytosol

• (S)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. D-alanine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. (S)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by DAO, LDHB, LDHAL6Bperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• 2-iminopropanoateReach from here →
  1. D-alanine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. 2-iminopropanoate + H2O = pyruvate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by DAO, RIDAperoxisome

• phosphoenolpyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. D-alanine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by DAO, PKM, PKLRperoxisome, cytosol

• N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acidReach from here →
  1. D-alanine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)

  Catalysed by DAO, NPLperoxisome, cytosol

• L-ornithineReach from here →
  1. alanine racemase
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 10 routes