hypotaurine

Three steps

• L-leucineReach from here →
  1. 3-sulfino-L-alanine + H(+) = hypotaurine + CO2
  2. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. L-leucine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-leucine(in) + L-aspartate(out)

  Catalysed by GADL1, CSAD, SLC25A12, SLC25A13 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 8 routes

• CHEBI:15650Reach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. N-acetyl-LTE4 to leukotriene E4 conversion

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, BAAT, ZDHHC11B and 31 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15699Reach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine
  3. transport of homoserine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, GATM, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15727Reach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, BAAT, NAA10peroxisome, cytosol

• CHEBI:15746Reach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermine)

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, BAAT, SAT1 and 1 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-carbamoyl-L-aspartic acidReach from here →
  1. 3-sulfino-L-alanine + H(+) = hypotaurine + CO2
  2. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. carbamoyl-phosphate:L-aspartate carbamoyltransferase

  Catalysed by GADL1, CSAD, SLC25A12, SLC25A13 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• CHEBI:15971Reach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. transport of chloride and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, SLC6A6, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• sulfateReach from here →
  1. 3-sulfino-L-alanine + H(+) = hypotaurine + CO2
  2. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by GADL1, CSAD, SLC25A12, SLC25A13 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

• ureaReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine
  3. taurocyamine + H2O = urea + taurine

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, GATM, AGMAT

• L-cystineReach from here →
  1. 3-sulfino-L-alanine + H(+) = hypotaurine + CO2
  2. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. L-cystine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-cystine(in) + L-aspartate(out)

  Catalysed by GADL1, CSAD, SLC25A12, SLC25A13 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 11-cis-retinolReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, BAAT, DGAT1 and 4 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• cob(II)alaminReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. 2 cob(II)alamin + A + 2 H2O + 2 H(+) = 2 aquacob(III)alamin + AH2

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, MTO1, MTRR

• L-citrullineReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine
  3. Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, GATM, SLC7A9extracellular space, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• iodideReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, SLC6A6, SLC26A4extracellular space, cytosolOne of 23 routes

• L-valineReach from here →
  1. 3-sulfino-L-alanine + H(+) = hypotaurine + CO2
  2. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. L-valine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-valine(in) + L-aspartate(out)

  Catalysed by GADL1, CSAD, SLC25A12, SLC25A13 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 6 routes

• oxaloacetateReach from here →
  1. 3-sulfino-L-alanine + H(+) = hypotaurine + CO2
  2. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by GADL1, CSAD, SLC25A12, SLC25A13 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• L-arginineReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, SLC6A6, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• nitric oxideReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. 2 nitrite + AH2 + 2 H(+) = 2 nitric oxide + A + 2 H2O

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, MTO1, SUOX

• protein polypeptide chainReach from here →
  1. 3-sulfino-L-alanine + H(+) = hypotaurine + CO2
  2. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. PROTEIN_BS

  Catalysed by GADL1, CSAD, SLC25A12, SLC25A13mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithineReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine
  3. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, GATM, ACY1cytosol

• 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-CTPReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. CTP + AH2 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-CTP + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, MTO1, RSAD2

• taurochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanoyl-CoA:taurine N-choloyltransferase
  3. taurochenodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = taurochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, BAAT, SULT2A1peroxisome

• (S)-2-hydroxyglutarateReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (S)-2-hydroxyglutarate + A = 2-oxoglutarate + AH2

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, MTO1, L2HGDH

• CHEBI:16856Reach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. solute carrier organic anion transporter (GSH)

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, BAAT, SLCO1A2 and 1 moreperoxisome, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• CHEBI:16857Reach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. Transport of L-Threonine by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, SLC6A6, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• N-acetyl-L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. 3-sulfino-L-alanine + H(+) = hypotaurine + CO2
  2. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by GADL1, CSAD, SLC25A12, SLC25A13 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• oxalic acidReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. transport of chloride and oxalate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, SLC6A6, SLC26A6extracellular space, cytosol

• L-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. transport of chloride and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, SLC6A6, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:17203Reach from here →
  1. 3-sulfino-L-alanine + H(+) = hypotaurine + CO2
  2. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. Aspartate Intake by System Asct-1 Transporter

  Catalysed by GADL1, CSAD, SLC25A12, SLC25A13mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 5 routes

• L-glutamic 5-semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine
  3. L-Ornithine:2-oxo-acid aminotransferase

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, GATM, OATmitochondrial matrix

• anilineReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. Acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, BAAT, NAT2 and 1 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• CHEBI:17312Reach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, BAATperoxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5'-deoxyadenosineReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, MTO1, CDK5RAP1One of 4 routes

• sulfiteReach from here →
  1. 3-sulfino-L-alanine + H(+) = hypotaurine + CO2
  2. 3-sulfino-L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. 3-sulfinylpyruvic acid hydrolysis

  Catalysed by GADL1, CSAD, GOT1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, BAAT, NAGSperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine sulfate + AH2

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, MTO1, DIO1

• 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, MTO1, DIO1 and 1 moreOne of 2 routes

• 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + AH2

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, MTO1, DIO1One of 2 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:3->C16:3), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, BAAT, HADHA and 2 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• glycine betaineReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. transport of betaine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, SLC6A6, SLC6A12extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:17895Reach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. Transport of L-Tyrosine by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, SLC6A6, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:17927Reach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, BAATperoxisome, cytosol

• CHEBI:18019Reach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. transport of chloride and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, SLC6A6, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• L-glutamineReach from here →
  1. 3-sulfino-L-alanine + H(+) = hypotaurine + CO2
  2. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. L-aspartate(in) + L-glutamine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-glutamine(in)

  Catalysed by GADL1, CSAD, SLC25A12, SLC25A13 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 5 routes

• CHEBI:18095Reach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. transport of trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, SLC6A6, CLTRN and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• N-carbamoyl-beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. Transport of 3-Ureidopropionate

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, SLC6A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• taurodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)
  3. taurodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = taurodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, BAAT, SULT2A1cytosol

• 3',5'-diiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. 3',5'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, MTO1, DIO3

• 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, MTO1, DHFR and 1 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• (5Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hypotaurine + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = taurine + NADP(+) + H2O
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-7-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by FMO3, FMO1, BAAT, HADHA and 2 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes