S-formylglutathione

Three steps

• oxalic acidReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride and oxalate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC26A4, SLC26A6cytosol, extracellular space

• (R)-lactaldehydeReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal-lyase (isomerizing)
  3. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)

  Catalysed by ESD, GLO1, GLOD4, ADH1C and 6 morecytosol

• 3-hydroxypyruvateReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-serine + pyruvate = 3-hydroxypyruvate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• L-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC26A4, SLC6A14cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 6 routes

• CHEBI:17203Reach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Transport of L-Proline by the Apical Imino Amino Acid Transporters

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC26A4, CLTRN, SLC6A20cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 5 routes

• dehydroascorbic acidReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of dopamine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. dopamine,ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, DBHcytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 19 routes

• COReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 3-(methylsulfanyl)propanoate + CO + formate + 2 H(+)
  3. acireductone dioxygenase

  Catalysed by ESD, ADI1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 17alpha-hydroxyprogesteroneReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A1 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space, endoplasmic reticulum

• aceneuramateReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. aceneuramate = aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 5'-deoxyadenosineReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. aryl sulfotransferase (PAPS)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT1A3 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• L-thyroxine sulfateReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-thyroxine + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = L-thyroxine sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT1A3 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. thyroxine 5'-deiodinase (3,3-diiodo-L-thyronine)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, DIO1 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• N-acetylserotoninReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, AANATcytosol, extracellular space

• xanthineReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. xanthine + NAD(+) + H2O = urate + NADH + H(+)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC22A13, XDHinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• glycine betaineReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of betaine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC26A4, SLC6A12cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• 4-methylumbelliferyl acetateReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 4-methylumbelliferyl acetate + H2O = 4-methylumbelliferone + acetate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A1 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophanReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + H(+) = serotonin + CO2

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, DDCcytosol, extracellular space

• prostaglandin F1Reach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of GSH and prostaglandin E1 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin E1 + NADPH + H(+) = prostaglandin F1 + NADP(+)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO2A1, DHRS1cytosol, extracellular space

• CHEBI:17895Reach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Transport of L-Tyrosine by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC26A4, SLC6A14cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 6 routes

• all-trans-retinalReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of formate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. retinoate reduction

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC16A4, SLC16A5cytosol, extracellular space

• fumaric acidReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
  3. transport of fumarate and sulfite (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by ESD, TSTD1, SLC25A10mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:18019Reach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC26A4, SLC6A14cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• 4-fumarylacetoacetateReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of acetoacetate and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 4-fumarylacetoacetate + H2O = acetoacetate + fumarate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, FAHcytosol, extracellular space

• L-glutamineReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC26A4, SLC6A14cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 5 routes

• 5-hydroxyisourateReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. urate:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC22A13inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• dTDPReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• (R)-3,4-dihydroxymandelaldehydeReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of GSH and noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-noradrenaline + O2 + H2O = (R)-3,4-dihydroxymandelaldehyde + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, MAOA and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space

• CHEBI:18095Reach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC26A4, CLTRN, SLC6A20cytosol, extracellular space

• CHEBI:18183Reach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  3. gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase ((5-L-glutamyl)-L-amino acid)

  Catalysed by ESD, GGT1, GGT5, GGTLC2 and 5 morecytosol, extracellular space

• N-carbamoyl-beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Transport of 3-Ureidopropionate

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC26A4cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamideReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. Formate:tetrahydrofolate ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. 10-formyltetrahydrofolate:5'-phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase

  Catalysed by ESD, MTHFD1, GARTcytosol

• CHEBI:18381Reach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. Formate:tetrahydrofolate ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase (10-formyl-THF)

  Catalysed by ESD, MTHFD1, ATICcytosol

• hydrogen cyanideReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
  3. thiosulfate:cyanide sulfurtranserase

  Catalysed by ESD, TSTD1, MPST, TSTmitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (R)-normetanephrineReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of GSH and noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:catechol O-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, COMT and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space

• glycodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. glycodeoxycholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = glycodeoxycholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. glycodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ESD, ABCC4, SULT2A1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by ESD, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. Formate:tetrahydrofolate ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. 10-formyltetrahydrofolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ESD, MTHFD1, ALDH1L1, ALDH1L2cytosolOne of 7 routes

• S-disulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-cysteine = S-disulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by ESD, CARS2cytosol

• O-[(5Z),(8Z),(11Z),(14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-beta-D-glucuronateReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = O-[(5Z),(8Z),(11Z),(14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-beta-D-glucuronate + UDP

  Catalysed by ESD, UGT1A9, UGT2B7, UGT1A6 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 20-O-(beta-D-glucuronosyl)-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division (Rnd) Tcdb:2.A.60.1.2
  3. 20-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = 20-O-(beta-D-glucuronosyl)-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + UDP + H(+)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO2A1, UGT2B7, UGT1A1 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 15-O-(beta-D-glucuronosyl)-prostaglandin B1Reach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of GSH and prostaglandin B1 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin B1 + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = 15-O-(beta-D-glucuronosyl)-prostaglandin B1 + UDP + H(+)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO2A1, UGT1A9, UGT2B7 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space

• serotonin O-sulfateReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. serotonin + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = serotonin O-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT1A3 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space

• (R)-noradrenaline 4'-O-sulfateReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of GSH and noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. sulfotransferase (noradrenaline)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT1A3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• L-homocysteine thiolactoneReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. Formation of Homocystine
  3. arylesterase (homocysteine-thiolactone)

  Catalysed by ESD, PON1, PON2, PON3cytosol

• ursodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of GSH and ursodeoxycholate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. ursodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = ursodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT2A1cytosol, extracellular space

• tauroursodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of GSH and tauroursodeoxycholate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. tauroursodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = tauroursodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT2A1cytosol, extracellular space

• glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  2. transport of glycoursodeoxycholate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. glycoursodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT2A1cytosol, extracellular space