hydrogen sulfide

Three steps

• 2-aminoisobutanoateReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. transport of alanine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 2-aminoisobutanoate(out) + L-alanine(in) = 2-aminoisobutanoate(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by CBS, SLC7A5, SLC7A10cytosol, extracellular space, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoateReach from here →
  1. hydrogen sulfide + 2 O2 = sulfate + H(+)
  2. a dicarboxylate(in) + sulfate(out) = a dicarboxylate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoate(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoate(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by SOD1, SLC25A35, SLC25A34, SLC22A6 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-sepiapterinReach from here →
  1. hydrogen sulfide + 2 O2 = sulfate + H(+)
  2. a dicarboxylate(in) + sulfate(out) = a dicarboxylate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. L-sepiapterin(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = L-sepiapterin(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by SOD1, SLC25A35, SLC25A34, SLC22A6 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• Xaa-L-Pro dipeptideReach from here →
  1. a quinone + hydrogen sulfide + glutathione + H(+) = S-sulfanylglutathione + a quinol
  2. L-proline + a quinone = (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + a quinol + H(+)
  3. Xaa-L-Pro dipeptide + H2O = an L-alpha-amino acid + L-proline

  Catalysed by SQOR, PRODH, PRODH2, PEPD

• glycodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
  2. glycodeoxycholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = glycodeoxycholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. glycodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by TSTD1, ABCC4, SULT2A1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by CBS, CTH, AGXT2cytosol

• N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by CBS, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by CBS, CTH, AGXT2cytosol

• 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by CBS, CTH, AGXT2cytosol

• (6R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. methanethiol + O2 + H2O = hydrogen sulfide + formaldehyde + H2O2 + H(+)
  2. methanethiol + O2 + H2O = hydrogen sulfide + formaldehyde + H2O2 + H(+)
  3. formaldehyde to 5,10-methylene-THF conversion

  Catalysed by SELENBP1cytosol

• 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase

  Catalysed by CBS, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• (5Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-7-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by CBS, NAGS, HADHA, ACAA2 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 3-demethylubiquinone-10Reach from here →
  1. ubiquinone-10 + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+) = ubiquinol-10 + thiosulfate
  2. 3-demethylubiquinol-10 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = ubiquinol-10 + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H(+)
  3. 3-demethylubiquinone-10 + NADH + 2 H(+) = 3-demethylubiquinol-10 + NAD(+)

  Catalysed by SQOR, COQ3, RTN4IP1One of 2 routes

• (11Z)-docosenoyl-CoA(4-)Reach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-cetoleic acid)

  Catalysed by CBS, NAGS, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• (7Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((7Z)-tetradecenoic acid)

  Catalysed by CBS, NAGS, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:4->C16:4), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by CBS, NAGS, HADHA, ACADVL and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (7Z,10Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation Trans (C18:2->C16:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by CBS, NAGS, HADHA, ACADVL and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (4Z,7Z)-decadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C12:3->C10:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by CBS, NAGS, ECHS1, ACAA2 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (5Z)-octenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C10:2->C8:1), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by CBS, NAGS, ECHS1, ACAA2 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• tauroursodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
  2. tauroursodeoxycholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = tauroursodeoxycholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. tauroursodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = tauroursodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by TSTD1, ABCC4, SULT2A1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
  2. glycoursodeoxycholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = glycoursodeoxycholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. glycoursodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by TSTD1, ABCC4, SULT2A1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• glycochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
  2. glycochenodeoxycholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = glycochenodeoxycholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. glycochenodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by TSTD1, ABCC4, SULT2A1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• deoxycholateReach from here →
  1. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
  2. glycodeoxycholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = glycodeoxycholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by TSTD1, ABCC4inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• dimethylarsinous acidReach from here →
  1. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
  2. arsenic triglutathione + 3 [thioredoxin]-dithiol + 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = trimethylarsine + 3 [thioredoxin]-disulfide + 3 glutathione + 3 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3 H(+)
  3. arsenic triglutathione + 2 [thioredoxin]-dithiol + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + H2O = dimethylarsinous acid + 2 [thioredoxin]-disulfide + 3 glutathione + 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by TSTD1, AS3MT

• CHEBI:240943Reach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

  Catalysed by CBS, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• hypochlorous acidReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. transport of chloride and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Peroxidase

  Catalysed by CBS, SLC6A14, LPOcytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• potassium atomReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. transport of chloride and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by CBS, SLC6A14, SLC12A2, SLC12A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• trimethylarsineReach from here →
  1. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
  2. arsenic triglutathione + 3 [thioredoxin]-dithiol + 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = trimethylarsine + 3 [thioredoxin]-disulfide + 3 glutathione + 3 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3 H(+)
  3. arsenic triglutathione + 3 [thioredoxin]-dithiol + 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = trimethylarsine + 3 [thioredoxin]-disulfide + 3 glutathione + 3 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3 H(+)

  Catalysed by TSTD1, AS3MT

• phenylacetylglycineReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. phenylacetyl-CoA:glycine N-phenylacetyltransferase

  Catalysed by CBS, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:27540Reach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (hexanoic acid)

  Catalysed by CBS, NAGS, ACSM4, ACSM1 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 6 routes

• elaidic acidReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (elaidate)

  Catalysed by CBS, NAGS, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• 5-hydroxytryptophanReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. transport of cysteine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tryptophan, Tetrahydrobiopterin:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (5-Hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by CBS, SLC7A5, TPH1, TPH2cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 5(S)-HETEReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. Glutathione: 5-HPETE oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by CBS, GPX5, GPX1, GPX2 and 6 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:28666Reach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. LTD4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by CBS, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 8 routes

• 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-oneReach from here →
  1. hydrogen sulfide + 2 O2 = sulfate + H(+)
  2. dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate + H2O = 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one + sulfate + H(+)
  3. 3beta-Hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one 3-sulfate sulfohydrolase

  Catalysed by SOD1, STScytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:28701Reach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. Propanoyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by CBS, NAGS, ACAA1, SCP2 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, peroxisomeOne of 7 routes

• pyridoxine 5'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. transport of alanine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by CBS, SLC7A5, SCLYcytosol, extracellular space

• 3-disulfanyl-L-alanineReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. thioredoxin-disulfide reductase (NADPH) (cystine)
  3. L-cystine thiocysteine-lyase (deaminating

  Catalysed by CBS, TXNRD1, TXNRD3, TXNRD2 and 1 morecytosol

• iron(2+)Reach from here →
  1. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
  2. L-dehydroascorbate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + L-ascorbate
  3. Fe(3+)(out) + L-ascorbate(in) = monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical(in) + Fe(2+)(out) + H(+)

  Catalysed by TSTD1, CLIC1, GSTO1, GSTO2 and 5 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• a carboxylateReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinyl-[sulfatase] + 2 a thiol + O2 = an organic disulfide + 3-oxo-L-alanyl-[sulfatase] + hydrogen sulfide + H2O + H(+)
  2. a thioester + H2O = a thiol + a carboxylate + H(+)
  3. a thioester + H2O = a thiol + a carboxylate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SUMF1, PNKD

• Ca(2+)Reach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  3. Ca(2+)(out) + K(+)(out) + 4 Na(+)(in) = Ca(2+)(in) + K(+)(in) + 4 Na(+)(out)

  Catalysed by CBS, SLC1A1, SLC24A1, SLC24A5 and 3 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• Phe-tRNA(Phe)Reach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. transport of cysteine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Phenylalanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by CBS, SLC7A5, FARSB, FARSAcytosol, extracellular space

• Gly-tRNA(Gly)Reach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. glycine:tRNA(Gly) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by CBS, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space

• Asp-tRNA(Asp)Reach from here →
  1. hydrogen sulfide + 2 O2 = sulfate + H(+)
  2. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. L-Aspartate:tRNA(Asp) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SOD1, SLC25A14, SLC25A30, DARS1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• Trp-tRNA(Trp)Reach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. transport of cysteine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tryptophan -tRNA(Trp) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by CBS, SLC7A5, WARS1cytosol, extracellular space

• Ile-tRNA(Ile)Reach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. transport of cysteine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Isoleucine:tRNA(Ile) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by CBS, SLC7A5, IARS1cytosol, extracellular space

• Gln-tRNA(Gln)Reach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. transport of cysteine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Glutamine:tRNA(Gln) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by CBS, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space

• isocyanateReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. transport of citrulline and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-citrulline + H(+) = isocyanate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by CBS, SLC7A6, LACC1cytosol, extracellular space

• Asn-tRNA(Asn)Reach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. transport of asparagine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Asparagine:tRNA(Asn) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by CBS, SLC7A5, NARS1cytosol, extracellular space

• acetateReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding hydrogen sulfide, L-cysteine-forming)
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by CBS, CTH, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes