CHEBI:28701

Three steps

• lithocholic acidReach from here →
  1. chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (chenodiol)
  3. transport of lithocholate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, ACOT1, SLCO1A2 and 1 moreperoxisome, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• phosphatidic acidReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 2-O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by BAAT, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 10 moreperoxisome, Golgi apparatus, mitochondrial matrixOne of 7 routes

• L-citrullineReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of citrulline and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by BAAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 3 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• L-valineReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of glycine and valine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by BAAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 20 routes

• L-arginineReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by BAAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 18 routes

• CHEBI:16523Reach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by BAAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 2 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• protein polypeptide chainReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. PROTEIN_BS

  Catalysed by BAAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• CHEBI:16633Reach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SCLYperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• Met-tRNA(Met)Reach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. L-Methionine:tRNAMet ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by BAAT, NAGS, MARS1peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by BAAT, NAGS, AADATperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• 2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)
  3. L-cystathionine cysteine-lyase (deaminating

  Catalysed by BAAT, NAGS, CTHperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:16857Reach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of glycine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by BAAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 3 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 19 routes

• pantetheine 4'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal (CoA)
  3. Dephospho-CoA nucleotidohydrolase

  Catalysed by BAAT, ACP2, ENPP3, ENPP1peroxisome, lysosome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• psychosineReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase

  Catalysed by BAAT, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 1 moreperoxisome, Golgi apparatus, cytosol

• glyoxylic acidReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. glycine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by BAAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by BAAT, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 5 moreperoxisome, Golgi apparatus, mitochondrial matrix

• bilirubin IXalphaReach from here →
  1. chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (chenodiol)
  3. transport of bilirubin (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, ACOT1, SLCO1A2 and 1 moreperoxisome, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• a cholesterol esterReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. an acyl-CoA + cholesterol = a cholesterol ester + CoA

  Catalysed by BAAT, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 3 moreperoxisome, Golgi apparatus

• taurolithocholateReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)
  3. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (lithocholate)

  Catalysed by BAATperoxisome, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• L-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of glycine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by BAAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 18 routes

• CHEBI:17203Reach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of glycine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by BAAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 2 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 15 routes

• CHEBI:17208Reach from here →
  1. 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanoyl-CoA:taurine N-choloyltransferase
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (GSH)
  3. glutathione:dehydroascorbate oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLCO1A2, SLC7A9, SLCO1B3peroxisome, extracellular space, cytosol

• homocysteineReach from here →
  1. 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanoyl-CoA:taurine N-choloyltransferase
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (GSH)
  3. Formation of Homocystine

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLCO1A2, SLC7A9, SLCO1B3peroxisome, extracellular space, cytosol

• S-(4,8-dimethylnonanoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. Carnitine Dimethyl Nonanoyl Transferase, Revsible, Peroxisomal
  3. 4,8-dimethylnonanoyl-CoA + H2O = S-(4,8-dimethylnonanoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by BAAT, CRAT, CROT, NUDT19peroxisome

• S-(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (linolenate)
  3. (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoA + H2O = S-(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• S-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + H2O = S-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• S-(9Z-hexadecenoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (palmitolate)
  3. (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + H2O = S-(9Z-hexadecenoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• itaconateReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. Itaconate:CoA ligase (GDP-forming)
  3. Itaconate:CoA ligase (GDP-forming)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SUCLG1, SUCLG2, SUCLA2peroxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• N-octadecanoyl-heptadecasphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearate)
  3. heptadecasphing-4-enine + octadecanoyl-CoA = N-octadecanoyl-heptadecasphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• all-trans-retinolReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  3. all-trans-Retinol 11-cis-trans-isomerase

  Catalysed by BAAT, DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1 and 2 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• linoleic acidReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. Utilized Transport

  Catalysed by BAAT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bperoxisome, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• sulfiteReach from here →
  1. 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanoyl-CoA:taurine N-choloyltransferase
  2. taurochenodeoxycholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = taurochenodeoxycholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by BAAT, ABCC4, TSTD1peroxisome, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 1-(alk-1-enyl)-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. Acyl-CoA:1-alkenylglycerophosphoethanolamine O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by BAAT, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 5 moreperoxisome, Golgi apparatus, cytosol

• O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. palmitoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase

  Catalysed by BAAT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 1 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 14 routes

• AH2Reach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)
  3. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by BAAT, MTO1peroxisome, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• 1-O-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+)Reach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  3. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase (11-Cis)

  Catalysed by BAAT, DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1 and 2 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• S-methyl-5'-thioadenosineReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. S-adenosylmethioninamine:spermidine 3-aminopropyltransferase

  Catalysed by BAAT, SAT1, SAT2, SRM and 1 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5-aminolevulinic acidReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. succinyl-CoA:glycine C-succinyltransferase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by BAAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 3 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoateReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  3. all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoate + H2O = 11-cis-retinol + hexadecanoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by BAAT, DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1 and 3 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• Ala-tRNA(Ala)Reach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. L-Alanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by BAAT, AARS1peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• CHEBI:17769Reach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. spermidine:(acceptor) oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by BAAT, SAT1, SAT2peroxisome, cytosol

• urateReach from here →
  1. 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanoyl-CoA:taurine N-choloyltransferase
  2. taurochenodeoxycholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = taurochenodeoxycholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)

  Catalysed by BAAT, ABCC4, SLC22A13peroxisome, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. a 2-acylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by BAAT, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 4 moreperoxisome, Golgi apparatus

• methylarsonous acidReach from here →
  1. 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanoyl-CoA:taurine N-choloyltransferase
  2. taurochenodeoxycholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = taurochenodeoxycholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. methylarsonate + 2 glutathione + H(+) = methylarsonous acid + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by BAAT, ABCC4, GSTO1, GSTO2peroxisome, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• a triacylglycerolReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by BAAT, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 6 moreperoxisome, Golgi apparatus, cytosol

• CHEBI:17895Reach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of glycine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by BAAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 19 routes

• butanoateReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. butanoyl-CoA + H2O = butanoate + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by BAAT, ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A and 9 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• CHEBI:18019Reach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of glycine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by BAAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 10 routes

• L-glutamineReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of glutamine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by BAAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 29 routes

• spermine monoaldehydeReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermine)
  3. primary-amine oxidase (spermine)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SAT1, SAT2, AOC2 and 2 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 3 routes