N-hexadecanoylglycine

Three steps

• (11Z)-docosenoyl-CoA(4-)Reach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-cetoleic acid)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• (7Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((7Z)-tetradecenoic acid)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• S-hexadecanoyl-N-acetylcysteamineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. hexadecanoyl-CoA + H2O = hexadecanoate + CoA + H(+)
  3. S-hexadecanoyl-N-acetylcysteamine + H2O = N-acetylcysteamine + hexadecanoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, ACOT7, ACOT8, PLA2G6 and 14 more

• S-hexadecanoyl-N-acetylcysteine methyl esterReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. hexadecanoyl-CoA + H2O = hexadecanoate + CoA + H(+)
  3. S-hexadecanoyl-N-acetylcysteine methyl ester + H2O = N-acetylcysteine methyl ester + hexadecanoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, ACOT7, ACOT8, PLA2G6 and 14 more

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:4->C16:4), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, BAAT, HADHA, ACADVL and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (7Z,10Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation Trans (C18:2->C16:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, BAAT, HADHA, ACADVL and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• (4Z,7Z)-decadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C12:3->C10:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, BAAT, ECHS1, ACAA2 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (5Z)-octenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C10:2->C8:1), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, BAAT, ECHS1, ACAA2 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 3-(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxynonanalReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (E)-4-hydroxynon-2-enal + glutathione = 3-(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxynonanal

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, GSS, GSTP1

• glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. glycine to glycoursodeoxycholate conversion
  3. glycoursodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SULT2A1cytosol

• glycochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA + glycine = glycochenodeoxycholate + CoA + H(+)
  3. glycochenodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, BAAT, SULT2A1

• deoxycholateReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase
  3. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by GLYATL3cytosol

• a quinolReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. a quinone + hydrogen sulfide + glutathione + H(+) = S-sulfanylglutathione + a quinol

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, GSS, SQOR

• hypochlorous acidReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Peroxidase

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, LPOextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• octadecanoateReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-octadecanoyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  3. 1-octadecanoyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + octadecanoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, LPCAT3, LPCAT1, PLAAT3

• potassium atomReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, SLC12A2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:27540Reach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (hexanoic acid)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, BAAT, ACSM4, ACSM1 and 4 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• elaidic acidReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (elaidate)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acidReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. 11-cis-retinol + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 11-cis-retinyl hexadecanoate + CoA
  3. 11-peroxy-docosahexaenoate to DHA conversion

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, AWAT2cytosol

• 5-hydroxytryptophanReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of glycine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tryptophan, Tetrahydrobiopterin:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (5-Hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC7A5, TPH1, TPH2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5(S)-HETEReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. Glutathione: 5-HPETE oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, GSS, GPX5, GPX1 and 7 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  3. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-hexadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, LPCAT3, LPCAT1, PLA2G15One of 2 routes

• CHEBI:28701Reach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Propanoyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, BAAT, ACAA1, SCP2 and 1 moreperoxisomeOne of 7 routes

• pyridoxine 5'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• N-acetyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• a dicarboxylateReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. Hippurate (Benzoylglycinate) Formation
  3. N-benzoylglycine(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = N-benzoylglycine(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC22A6, SLC22A8mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-ascorbic acidReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. L-dehydroascorbate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + L-ascorbate

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, GSS, CLIC1, GSTO1 and 1 more

• K(+)Reach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• Cys-tRNA(Cys)Reach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Cysteine:tRNA(Cys) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• Phe-tRNA(Phe)Reach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Phenylalanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC7A5, FARSB, FARSAextracellular space, cytosol

• Trp-tRNA(Trp)Reach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of glycine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tryptophan -tRNA(Trp) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC7A5, WARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• Ile-tRNA(Ile)Reach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of glycine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Isoleucine:tRNA(Ile) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC7A5, IARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• Gln-tRNA(Gln)Reach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of glutamine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Glutamine:tRNA(Gln) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC7A5, QARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• isocyanateReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of citrulline and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-citrulline + H(+) = isocyanate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC7A9, SLC3A1, SLC7A6 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• Asn-tRNA(Asn)Reach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Asparagine:tRNA(Asn) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, NARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  3. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + phosphocholine + H(+)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, PRDX6, LPCAT3, LPCAT1 and 1 more

• cholateReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. solute carrier organic anion transporter (cholate)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• glycolateReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. glycine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  3. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, DAO, GRHPRperoxisome, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• hydrogen sulfideReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 21 routes

• CHEBI:30249Reach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of glycine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tryptophan:oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC7A5, IDO1, TDO2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• oxalateReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. glyoxylate + O2 + H2O = oxalate + H2O2 + H(+)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, AADAT, HAO1

• formic acidReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, SLC26A4extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• malonic acidReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Malonate Transport, Antiport with Chloride

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SLC6A9, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (9Z)-octadecenoateReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. (9Z)-octadecenoate + glycine = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycine + H2O

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, GLYATL2, FAAH, PM20D1One of 8 routes

• an alcoholReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. a hydroperoxide + 2 glutathione = an alcohol + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, GSS, CP, PRDX6

• glutarateReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. glycocholate(out) + glutarate(in) = glycocholate(in) + glutarate(out)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, BAAT, SLC22A24peroxisome, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (9Z)-hexadecenoateReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  3. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, SCD, SCD5, ACOT7 and 4 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, GSScytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• L-lysineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. L-ornithine(out) + L-lysine(in) = L-ornithine(in) + L-lysine(out)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, GATM, SLC25A2, SLC25A15cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 7 routes