L-thyroxine

Three steps

• 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-CTPReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. CTP + AH2 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-CTP + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, AIFM1, PYROXD1 and 1 more

• taurochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (GSH)
  3. taurochenodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = taurochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLC7A9, SULT2A1extracellular space, cytosol

• dopamine quinoneReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of dopamine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Peroxidase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, MPOextracellular space, cytosol, lysosomeOne of 4 routes

• (S)-2-hydroxyglutarateReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. (S)-2-hydroxyglutarate + A = 2-oxoglutarate + AH2

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, AIFM1, PYROXD1 and 1 more

• CHEBI:16857Reach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. transport of cysteine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• oxalic acidReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine,iodide:acceptor oxidoreductase (iodinating)
  2. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride and oxalate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO2, SLC26A4, SLC26A6cytosol, extracellular space

• (R)-lactaldehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal-lyase (isomerizing)
  3. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, GLO1, GLOD4 and 7 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• L-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. transport of cysteine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• CHEBI:17203Reach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. transport of cysteine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• dehydroascorbic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of dopamine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. dopamine,ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, DBHextracellular space, cytosolOne of 19 routes

• estroneReach from here →
  1. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Estrone 3-sulfate sulfohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, STSextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• propanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. propanoate(in) + estrone 3-sulfate(out) = propanoate(out) + estrone 3-sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, SLC22A9extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• 5'-deoxyadenosineReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, AIFM1, PYROXD1 and 1 moreOne of 4 routes

• sulfiteReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Sulfide:glutathione,quinone oxidoreductase
  3. Persulfide dioxygenase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SQOR, ETHE1extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 1-O-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+)Reach from here →
  1. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  3. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, RETSAT, LRATcytosol

• all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoateReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  3. all-trans-retinol + hexadecanoyl-CoA = all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoate + CoA

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, RETSAT, DGAT1 and 4 moreOne of 2 routes

• 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine,iodide:acceptor oxidoreductase (iodinating)
  2. thyroxine 5'-deiodinase (3,3-diiodo-L-thyronine)
  3. Steryl-Sulfatase

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO2, DIO3, STScytosol, Golgi apparatusOne of 8 routes

• N-acetylserotoninReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, AANATextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:17724Reach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Formation of Homocystine
  3. Trimethylaminoacetate:L-homosysteine S-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, BHMT, BHMT2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• glycine betaineReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine,iodide:acceptor oxidoreductase (iodinating)
  2. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of betaine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO2, SLC26A4, SLC6A12cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 7 routes

• urateReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glutathione:dehydroascorbate oxidoreductase
  3. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosol

• 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophanReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + H(+) = serotonin + CO2

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, DDCextracellular space, cytosol

• prostaglandin F1Reach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of GSH and prostaglandin E1 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin E1 + NADPH + H(+) = prostaglandin F1 + NADP(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO2A1, DHRS1extracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:17895Reach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. transport of cysteine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• all-trans-retinalReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  3. retinol: NADP+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, RETSAT, DHRS3 and 5 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• butanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. butanoate(out) + estrone 3-sulfate(in) = butanoate(in) + estrone 3-sulfate(out)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, SLC22A9extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:18019Reach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. transport of cysteine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• a diacylglycerolReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  3. a triacylglycerol + all-trans-retinol = an all-trans-retinyl ester + a diacylglycerol

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, RETSAT, PNPLA4 and 1 more

• L-glutamineReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. transport of cysteine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLC3A2, SLC7A5 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• (R)-3,4-dihydroxymandelaldehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of GSH and noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-noradrenaline + O2 + H2O = (R)-3,4-dihydroxymandelaldehyde + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, MAOA, MAOBextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:18095Reach from here →
  1. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine,iodide:acceptor oxidoreductase (iodinating)
  2. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO2, SLC26A4, CLTRN and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space

• CHEBI:18183Reach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  3. gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase ((5-L-glutamyl)-L-amino acid)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, GGT1, GGT5 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• N-carbamoyl-beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine,iodide:acceptor oxidoreductase (iodinating)
  2. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Transport of 3-Ureidopropionate

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO2, SLC26A4cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• (R)-normetanephrineReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of GSH and noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:catechol O-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, COMT, LRTOMTextracellular space, cytosol

• 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. (R)-malate + A = oxaloacetate + AH2
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + oxaloacetate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-aspartate

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, D2HGDH, AGXT2

• (6R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. N(6),N(6)-dimethyl-L-lysyl(4)-[histone H3] + 2 A + 2 H2O = L-lysyl(4)-[histone H3] + 2 formaldehyde + 2 AH2
  3. formaldehyde to 5,10-methylene-THF conversion

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, KDM1A, KDM1Bcytosol

• 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Formation of Homocystine
  3. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, MTRextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• S-disulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-cysteine = S-disulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, CARS2extracellular space, cytosol

• O-[(5Z),(8Z),(11Z),(14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-beta-D-glucuronateReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = O-[(5Z),(8Z),(11Z),(14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-beta-D-glucuronate + UDP

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, UGT1A9, UGT2B7 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 20-O-(beta-D-glucuronosyl)-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division (Rnd) Tcdb:2.A.60.1.2
  3. 20-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = 20-O-(beta-D-glucuronosyl)-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + UDP + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO2A1, UGT2B7 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 15-O-(beta-D-glucuronosyl)-prostaglandin B1Reach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of GSH and prostaglandin B1 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin B1 + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = 15-O-(beta-D-glucuronosyl)-prostaglandin B1 + UDP + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO2A1, UGT1A9 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 3-iodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. 3-iodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,5-diiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, AIFM1, PYROXD1One of 2 routes

• 3-iodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine,iodide:acceptor oxidoreductase (iodinating)
  2. thyroxine 5'-deiodinase (3,3-diiodo-L-thyronine)
  3. 3-iodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO2, DIO3cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 3'-iodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine,iodide:acceptor oxidoreductase (iodinating)
  2. thyroxine 5'-deiodinase (3,3-diiodo-L-thyronine)
  3. 3'-iodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO2, DIO3cytosolOne of 4 routes

• serotonin O-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. serotonin + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = serotonin O-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT1A3, SULT1A4extracellular space, cytosol

• (R)-noradrenaline 4'-O-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of GSH and noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. sulfotransferase (noradrenaline)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT1A3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3-iodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, AIFM1, PYROXD1

• thyronamineReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. thyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3-iodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, AIFM1, PYROXD1

• 3'-iodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. 3'-iodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3',5'-diiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, AIFM1, PYROXD1 and 1 moreOne of 2 routes

• 3,3'-diiodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. 3,3'-diiodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, AIFM1, PYROXD1 and 1 moreOne of 2 routes