K(+)

Three steps

• CHEBI:16633Reach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• Met-tRNA(Met)Reach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-aspartate(in) + L-methionine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-methionine(in)
  3. L-Methionine:tRNAMet ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• (S)-lactateReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, CTH, LDHA, LDHB and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• CHEBI:16668Reach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. 3-sulfino-L-alanine carboxy-lyase

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 5 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• quinolinic acidReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. Transport of Quinolinic Acid

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 4 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-aspartate(in) + L-methionine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-methionine(in)
  3. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• N-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-aspartate(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)
  3. (S)-lactate + L-phenylalanine = N-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-phenylalanine + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, CTH, AGXT2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• tryptamineReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-tryptophan(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-tryptophan(in) + L-aspartate(out)
  3. L-tryptophan decarboxy-lyase

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• 2-oxoglutaramateReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-aspartate(in) + L-glutamine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-glutamine(in)
  3. L-Glutamine:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• melatoninReach from here →
  1. serotonin(out) + K(+)(in) + Na(+)(out) + H(+)(in) = serotonin(in) + K(+)(out) + Na(+)(in) + H(+)(out)
  2. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  3. S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine:N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC6A4, AANAT, ASMTinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• formaldehydeReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. N(6),N(6)-dimethyl-L-lysyl(4)-[histone H3] + 2 A + 2 H2O = L-lysyl(4)-[histone H3] + 2 formaldehyde + 2 AH2

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, MOCOS, KDM1A, KDM1Binner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

• 3-fumarylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. 3-fumarylpyruvate + H2O = fumarate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, CTH, FAHD1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• pantetheine 4'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate:L-cysteine ligase
  3. N-[(R)-4'-Phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteine carboxy-lyase

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, PPCS, PPCDCinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• glyoxylic acidReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. glycine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome

• bilirubin IXalphaReach from here →
  1. serotonin(out) + K(+)(in) + Na(+)(out) + H(+)(in) = serotonin(in) + K(+)(out) + Na(+)(in) + H(+)(out)
  2. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of bilirubin (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A4, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• oxalic acidReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. transport of oxalate and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 4 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acidReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. transport of (R)-3-hydroxybutanoate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, CTH, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• taurolithocholateReach from here →
  1. serotonin(out) + K(+)(in) + Na(+)(out) + H(+)(in) = serotonin(in) + K(+)(out) + Na(+)(in) + H(+)(out)
  2. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A4, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 3-hydroxypyruvateReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. L-serine + pyruvate = 3-hydroxypyruvate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, CTH, AGXTinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• CHEBI:17208Reach from here →
  1. serotonin(out) + K(+)(in) + Na(+)(out) + H(+)(in) = serotonin(in) + K(+)(out) + Na(+)(in) + H(+)(out)
  2. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. glutathione:dehydroascorbate oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC6A4, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol

• homocysteineReach from here →
  1. serotonin(out) + K(+)(in) + Na(+)(out) + H(+)(in) = serotonin(in) + K(+)(out) + Na(+)(in) + H(+)(out)
  2. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Formation of Homocystine

  Catalysed by SLC6A4, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol

• L-glutamic 5-semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Ornithine:2-oxo-acid aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, SLC7A6, OATinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• anilineReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. Acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 4 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• aceneuramateReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. aceneuramate = aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, CTH, NPLinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• CHEBI:17312Reach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5'-deoxyadenosineReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, CTH, TYW1B, TYW1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• all-trans-retinolReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, MOCOS, RETSATinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• sulfiteReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. sulfite(in) + sulfate(out) = sulfite(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• D-aspartic acidReach from here →
  1. Ca(2+)(out) + K(+)(out) + 4 Na(+)(in) = Ca(2+)(in) + K(+)(in) + 4 Na(+)(out)
  2. transport of Ca2+ and K+ (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of D-aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC24A1, SLC24A5, SLC24A4, SLC24A3 and 6 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:17380Reach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-tryptophan(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-tryptophan(in) + L-aspartate(out)
  3. Transport of 3-Hydroxy-L-Kynurenine

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylateReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. Aspartate Intake by System Asct-1 Transporter
  3. L-proline:(acceptor) oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• agmatineReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. transport of arginine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-arginine carboxy-lyase (agmatine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, SLC7A6inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• AH2Reach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-aspartate(in) + L-methionine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-methionine(in)
  3. N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 24 routes

• 5-aminolevulinic acidReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. succinyl-CoA:glycine C-succinyltransferase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• indole-3-pyruvateReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-tryptophan(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-tryptophan(in) + L-aspartate(out)
  3. L-tryptophan + O2 + H2O = indole-3-pyruvate + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. Steryl-Sulfatase

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 4 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:3->C16:3), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 5 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix

• Ala-tRNA(Ala)Reach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. L-Alanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• glycine betaineReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. transport of chloride and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of betaine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, SLC6A14, SLC6A12inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• trans-urocanateReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. transport of cysteine and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-histidine ammonia-lyase (urocanate-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, SLC7A6, HALinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol

• 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-leucine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-leucine(in) + L-aspartate(out)
  3. L-Leucine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:17927Reach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-oxopropanoic acidReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-aspartate 1-carboxy-lyase (beta-alanine-forming)
  3. beta-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 3-phenylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-aspartate(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)
  3. Phenylalanine Transaminase, Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 4 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• fumaric acidReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-Citrulline:L-aspartate ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. 2-(Nomega-L-arginino)succinate arginine-lyase (fumarate-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• thiocyanateReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-Cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (hydrogen-cyanide)

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, GOT2, GOT1, MPST and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• dTDPReach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, CTH, PKM, PKLRinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• CHEBI:18095Reach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. Aspartate Intake by System Asct-1 Transporter
  3. prolyl 4-hydroxylase (AKG)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 4 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 5 routes

• CHEBI:18183Reach from here →
  1. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  2. L-glutamate:L-cysteine gamma-ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase (gamma-glutamyl-cysteine)

  Catalysed by SLC1A1, GCLC, GCLM, GGCT and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol