potassium atom

Three steps

• prostaglandin D2Reach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of prostaglandin D2 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A4, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Glutathione: 15-HPETE oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC6A4, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, GPX5 and 8 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• D-alanineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-alanine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-alanine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• sarcosineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A9, SLC6A14 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 7,8-dihydrofolateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A6, MTO1extracellular space, cytosol

• (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A9, SLC6A14 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• leukotriene A4Reach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of leukotriene A4 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A4, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (R)-S-lactoylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal-lyase (isomerizing)

  Catalysed by SLC6A4, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, GLO1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• carnosineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of beta-alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. beta-alanine + L-histidine + ATP = carnosine + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A6, SLC6A14 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 4-guanidinobutanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 4-aminobutanoate + L-arginine = 4-guanidinobutanoate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, GATMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-dopaReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-dopa(out) + L-phenylalanine(in) = L-dopa(in) + L-phenylalanine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, SLC7A8extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

• O-acetyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, CPT1A and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• 3-guanidinopropanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. beta-alanine + L-arginine = 3-guanidinopropanoate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, GATMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-histidineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-histidine(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-histidine(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, SLC7A8extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 6 routes

• an N-acylglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. an acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-acylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A9, SLC6A14 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, GOT2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• S-formylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. alcohol dehydrogenase (formaldehyde)

  Catalysed by SLC6A4, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, ADH1C and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• succinate semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of 4-aminobutyrate and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 4-aminobutanoate + 2-oxoglutarate = succinate semialdehyde + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A12, ABATextracellular space, cytosol

• sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• D-threonineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• spermidineReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• hypotaurineReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. 3-sulfino-L-alanine + H(+) = hypotaurine + CO2

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• N-sulfo-D-glucosamineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N-sulfo-D-glucosamine + H2O = D-glucosamine + sulfate

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC26A6, SGSHextracellular space, cytosol

• dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate + H2O = 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one + sulfate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC26A6, STSextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-dopaquinoneReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Tyrosine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-Tyrosine,L-dopa:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, TYRextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• glutathioneReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A9, SLC6A14 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• L-threonineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-threonine(in) + L-glutamine(out) + Na(+)(out) = L-threonine(out) + L-glutamine(in) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, SLC1A5extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 8 routes

• L-saccharopineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N6-(L-1,3-Dicarboxypropyl)-L-lysine:NADP+ oxidoreductase (L-lysine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, AASSextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. Transport of L-Kynurenine

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, SLC7A8extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• leukotriene C4Reach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. leukotriene C4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A9, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• dimethylamineReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + oxaloacetate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-aspartate
  3. Nomega,Nomega'-dimethyl-L-arginine dimethylamidohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• IMPReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. IMP:L-aspartate ligase (GDP-forming)
  3. IMP + L-aspartate + GTP = N(6)-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-AMP + GDP + phosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• taurocyamineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A6, GATMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-cysteateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. L-cysteate + H(+) = taurine + CO2

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A6, GADL1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, KYNUextracellular space, cytosol

• L,L-cystathionineReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-glutamate:L-cysteine gamma-ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, GCLC and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 6-amino-2-oxohexanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-lysine:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome

• L-homocysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, BHMT2extracellular space, cytosol

• carbamoyl phosphateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. HCO3-:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, CADextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• adenosine 5'-phosphosulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. ATP:sulfate adenylyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC26A6, PAPSS1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• N,N-dimethylglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of betaine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-homocysteine + glycine betaine = N,N-dimethylglycine + L-methionine

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A12, BHMTextracellular space, cytosol

• S-methyl-L-methionineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, BHMT2extracellular space, cytosol

• glutathione disulfideReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-cystine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-cystine(in) + L-aspartate(out)
  3. cystine to cysteine conversion

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 14 routes

• taurolithocholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A4, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• an acyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• trans-4-hydroxy-L-prolineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, SLC1A4extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• histamineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-histidine carboxy-lyase (histamine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, HDCextracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• L-2-aminopentanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + oxaloacetate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-aspartate
  3. 2-oxopentanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-2-aminopentanoate

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• L-thyroxineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine,iodide:acceptor oxidoreductase (iodinating)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC26A4, DIO1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes