cholesterol

Three steps

• L-tryptophanReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. transport of cysteine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by CH25H, MOCOS, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + an acyl-CoA = a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, ASAH1, ACER2 and 6 moreGolgi apparatus

• L-alanineReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)

  Catalysed by CH25H, AIFM1, PYROXD1, SCLYOne of 17 routes

• a 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  2. a 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + a 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. a 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = a 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + choline + H(+)

  Catalysed by LCAT, ENPP2, GDPD1

• L-asparagineReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. transport of asparagine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by CH25H, MOCOS, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• glycerol 2-phosphateReach from here →
  1. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. Glycerophosphocholine Phosphodiesterase

  Catalysed by LCAT, PLA2G6, LYPLA1, LYPLA2 and 15 morecytosol

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol-3-phosphate)Reach from here →
  1. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(out) + cholesterol(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(in) + cholesterol(out)
  2. ATP:1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphotransferase
  3. ATP:1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphotransferase

  Catalysed by OSBP, PTPRQ, INPPL1, CTDSPL2 and 11 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. transport of cysteine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by CH25H, MOCOS, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(out) + cholesterol(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(in) + cholesterol(out)
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(out) + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(in) + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(out)
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + a fatty acid + H(+)

  Catalysed by OSBP, OSBPL3, PLA2G10, PLA2G6 and 28 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 12 routes

• gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. L-glutamate:L-cysteine gamma-ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by CH25H, MOCOS, GCLC, GCLMcytosolOne of 2 routes

• adenosine 5'-phosphosulfateReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = cholesterol sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)
  2. Cholesterol-sulfate sulfohydrolase
  3. ATP:sulfate adenylyltransferase

  Catalysed by SULT2B1, SULT1C2, STS, PAPSS1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• 1-hexadecanoylglycerone 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + choline + H(+)
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + NADP(+) = 1-hexadecanoylglycerone 3-phosphate + NADPH + H(+)

  Catalysed by LCAT, ENPP2, GDPD3, GDPD1 and 1 more

• a CDP-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(out) + cholesterol(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(in) + cholesterol(out)
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate) + H2O = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + phosphate
  3. a CDP-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + myo-inositol = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by OSBP, SYNJ2, SYNJ1, SACM1L and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 1D-myo-inositol 1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(out) + cholesterol(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(in) + cholesterol(out)
  2. ATP:1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphotransferase
  3. phosphoinositide phospholipase C (PI pool)

  Catalysed by OSBP, PTPRQ, INPPL1, CTDSPL2 and 24 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• S-sulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 2 L-cysteine = S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by CH25H, MOCOS, CARS2

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, ASAH1, ACER2 and 15 moreGolgi apparatusOne of 5 routes

• phosphoenolpyruvateReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
  2. (R)-malate + A = oxaloacetate + AH2
  3. oxaloacetate + GTP = phosphoenolpyruvate + GDP + CO2

  Catalysed by CH25H, D2HGDH, PCK1, PCK2

• CDP-cholineReach from here →
  1. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + phosphocholine + H(+)
  3. phosphocholine + CTP + H(+) = CDP-choline + diphosphate

  Catalysed by LCAT, SMPD2, ENPP6, ENPP7 and 3 moreOne of 2 routes

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycineReach from here →
  1. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + CoA
  2. sterol esterase (Cholesteryl Arachidonate)
  3. N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + H2O = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glycine

  Catalysed by SOAT2, SOAT1, CEL, LIPA and 2 morelysosome

• N-[(R)-4-phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate:L-cysteine ligase

  Catalysed by CH25H, MOCOS, PPCScytosolOne of 4 routes

• estrone 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = cholesterol sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)
  2. Cholesterol-sulfate sulfohydrolase
  3. estrone 3-sulfate + H2O = estrone + sulfate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SULT2B1, SULT1C2, STScytosol

• sphing-4-enine 1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. sphing-4-enine + ATP = sphing-4-enine 1-phosphate + ADP + H(+)

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, ASAH1, ACER2 and 4 moreGolgi apparatus

• (9S)-hydroperoxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + cholesterol = cholesteryl (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + CoA
  2. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  3. linoleate:oxygen 9-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SOAT1, CEL, LIPAlysosome, cytosol

• 3-sulfino-L-alanineReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. L-Cysteine:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by CH25H, MOCOS, CDO1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, ASAH1, ACER2 and 2 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

• D-glucose 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  2. cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + H2O = cholesterol + D-glucose
  3. D-glucose + ADP = D-glucose 6-phosphate + AMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, ADPGKOne of 2 routes

• 6beta-hydroxyprogesteroneReach from here →
  1. 6 reduced [adrenodoxin] + cholesterol + 3 O2 + 6 H(+) = 4-methylpentanal + pregnenolone + 6 oxidized [adrenodoxin] + 4 H2O
  2. Pregnenolone:NAD+ 3-oxidoreductase
  3. progesterone + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 6beta-hydroxyprogesterone + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by CYP11A1, HSD3B1, HSD3B2, CYP3A4 and 2 morecytosol

• a cardiolipinReach from here →
  1. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. 1'-[1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho],3'-[1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerol + an acyl-CoA = a cardiolipin + CoA

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, ASAH1, ACER2 and 3 moreGolgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• an N-acyl-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(out) + cholesterol(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(in) + cholesterol(out)
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(out) + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(in) + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(out)
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = an N-acyl-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H(+)

  Catalysed by OSBP, OSBPL3, PLA2G4E, PLAAT5 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetateReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = cholesterol sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)
  2. Cholesterol-sulfate sulfohydrolase
  3. Transport of 5-Hydroxyindoleacetate

  Catalysed by SULT2B1, SULT1C2, STS, SLC4A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• an all-trans-retinyl esterReach from here →
  1. an acyl-CoA + cholesterol = a cholesterol ester + CoA
  2. a cholesterol ester + H2O = cholesterol + a fatty acid + H(+)
  3. an all-trans-retinyl ester + H2O = 11-cis-retinol + a fatty acid + H(+)

  Catalysed by SOAT2, SOAT1, CES1, LIPN and 3 moreOne of 7 routes

• CHEBI:63544Reach from here →
  1. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, ASAH1, ACER2 and 2 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

• 18-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + CoA
  2. sterol esterase (Cholesteryl Arachidonate)
  3. cytochrome P450 (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by SOAT2, SOAT1, CEL, LIPA and 1 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serineReach from here →
  1. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(out) + cholesterol(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(in) + cholesterol(out)
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(out) + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(in) + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine(out)
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine

  Catalysed by OSBP, OSBPL9, OSBPL11, OSBPL10 and 4 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, ASAH1, ACER2 and 3 moreGolgi apparatus

• hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  3. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-hexadecanoyl-1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + H(+)

  Catalysed by LCAT, PRDX6, LPCAT3, LPCAT1 and 2 moreOne of 2 routes

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, ASAH1, ACER2 and 6 moreGolgi apparatusOne of 3 routes

• a triacyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. an acyl-CoA + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol = a triacyl-sn-glycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, ASAH1, ACER2 and 8 moreGolgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + CoA

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, ASAH1, ACER2 and 5 moreGolgi apparatus

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + choline + H(+)
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA

  Catalysed by LCAT, ENPP2, GDPD3, GDPD1 and 9 more

• hexacosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, ASAH1, ACER2 and 2 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

• a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-D-myo-inositolReach from here →
  1. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(out) + cholesterol(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(in) + cholesterol(out)
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate) + H2O = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + phosphate
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + H2O = a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-D-myo-inositol + a fatty acid + H(+)

  Catalysed by OSBP, SYNJ2, SYNJ1, SACM1L and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• tetracosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, ASAH1, ACER2 and 2 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

• docosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, ASAH1, ACER2 and 2 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

• N-hexadecanoyl-(4R)-hydroxysphinganineReach from here →
  1. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  2. ceramide:phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphotransferase
  3. N-hexadecanoyl-(4R)-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = N-hexadecanoyl-(4R)-hydroxysphinganine-phosphocholine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, SGMS1, SGMS2Golgi apparatus

• a 2,3-saturated acyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. a 2,3-saturated acyl-CoA + A = a 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + AH2

  Catalysed by CH25H, AIFM1, PYROXD1, ACAD10One of 2 routes

• a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serineReach from here →
  1. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(out) + cholesterol(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(in) + cholesterol(out)
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(out) + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(in) + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine(out)
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + H2O = a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + a fatty acid + H(+)

  Catalysed by OSBP, OSBPL9, OSBPL11, OSBPL10 and 6 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• N-hexadecanoylsphinganineReach from here →
  1. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  2. ceramide:phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphotransferase
  3. N-hexadecanoylsphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = N-hexadecanoyl-sphinganine-1-phosphocholine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, SGMS1, SGMS2Golgi apparatus

• an N-acylsphinganine-1-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(out) + cholesterol(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(in) + cholesterol(out)
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(out) + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(in) + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(out)
  3. an N-acylsphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = an N-acylsphinganine-1-phosphocholine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol

  Catalysed by OSBP, OSBPL3, SGMS1, SGMS2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• all-trans-retinyl 9Z-octadecenoateReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
  2. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  3. 1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + all-trans-retinol = all-trans-retinyl 9Z-octadecenoate + di-(9Z)-octadecenoylglycerol

  Catalysed by CH25H, RETSAT, PNPLA4, PNPLA2