L-asparagine

Three steps

• 2-[(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and asparagine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, PTGS2extracellular space, cytosol

• 2-[(15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and asparagine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, PTGS2extracellular space, cytosol

• 2-[(15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and asparagine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, PTGS2extracellular space, cytosol

• 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazoleReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + L-glutamine + ATP + H2O = 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-O-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + L-glutamate + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-O-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + ATP = 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, PFAS, GARTextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and asparagine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 2-(prostaglandin G2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + AH2 = 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, PTGS2extracellular space, cytosol

• 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and asparagine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 2-(prostaglandin G2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 = 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, PTGS2extracellular space, cytosol

• N-(4-oxoglutaryl)-L-cysteinylglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and asparagine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  3. N-(4-oxoglutaryl)-L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = L-cysteinylglycine + 2-oxoglutarate

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GGTLC3, GGT1, GGT5 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-hydroxyoctanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)
  2. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase
  3. octanoyl-CoA + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 2-hydroxyoctanoyl-CoA + succinate + CO2

  Catalysed by NAGS, CROT, PHYHmitochondrial matrix

• 2-hydroxydecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)
  3. decanoyl-CoA + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 2-hydroxydecanoyl-CoA + succinate + CO2

  Catalysed by NAGS, ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 2-hydroxyeicosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (eicosanoate)
  3. eicosanoyl-CoA + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 2-hydroxyeicosanoyl-CoA + succinate + CO2

  Catalysed by NAGS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 2-hydroxydodecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lauric acid)
  3. dodecanoyl-CoA + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 2-hydroxydodecanoyl-CoA + succinate + CO2

  Catalysed by NAGS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 2-hydroxytetradecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. tetradecanoyl-CoA + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 2-hydroxytetradecanoyl-CoA + succinate + CO2

  Catalysed by NAGS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 11-cis-retinyl tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. 11-cis-retinol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = 11-cis-retinyl tetradecanoate + CoA

  Catalysed by NAGS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 9-cis-retinyl tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. 9-cis-retinol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = 9-cis-retinyl tetradecanoate + CoA

  Catalysed by NAGS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 13-cis-retinyl tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. 13-cis-retinol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = 13-cis-retinyl tetradecanoate + CoA

  Catalysed by NAGS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• all-trans-retinyl tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. all-trans-retinol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = all-trans-retinyl tetradecanoate + CoA

  Catalysed by NAGS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• tetradecyl tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. tetradecan-1-ol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = tetradecyl tetradecanoate + CoA

  Catalysed by NAGS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (DHA)
  3. (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA

  Catalysed by NAGS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• an aryl sulfateReach from here →
  1. L-asparagine amidohydrolase
  2. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. an aryl sulfate + H2O = a phenol + sulfate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASRGL1, ASPG, SLC25A14, SLC25A30 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 3-sulfinopyruvateReach from here →
  1. L-asparagine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. 3-sulfino-L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by ASRGL1, ASPG, SLC25A12, SLC25A13 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• S-methyl glutathioneReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. apo-[alkylcobalamin reductase] + methylcob(III)alamin + glutathione = S-methyl glutathione + cob(I)alamin-[alkylcobalamin reductase] + H(+)

  Catalysed by GSS, MMACHCextracellular space, cytosol

• N-octanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N-octanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = octanamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by AADAT, PAMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-decanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N-decanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = decanamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by AADAT, PAMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = dodecanamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by AADAT, PAMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-tetradecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N-tetradecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = tetradecamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by AADAT, PAMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = (9Z)-octadecenamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by AADAT, PAMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by AADAT, PAMextracellular space, cytosol

• an N-octadecanoyl-sphingoid baseReach from here →
  1. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearate)
  3. a sphingoid base + octadecanoyl-CoA = an N-octadecanoyl-sphingoid base + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by NAGS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 2-amino-2-deoxy-6-phospho-D-glucono-1,5-lactoneReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. D-fructose 6-phosphate + L-glutamine = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + L-glutamate
  3. D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + NADP(+) = 2-amino-2-deoxy-6-phospho-D-glucono-1,5-lactone + NADPH + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GFPT2, GFPT1, H6PDextracellular space, cytosol

• 2,3-didehydrophenylalanineReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycyldehydrophenylalanine + H2O = 2,3-didehydrophenylalanine + glycine
  3. glycyldehydrophenylalanine + H2O = 2,3-didehydrophenylalanine + glycine

  Catalysed by DPEP1extracellular space, cytosol

• S-adenosylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. apo-[alkylcobalamin reductase] + adenosylcob(III)alamin + glutathione = S-adenosylglutathione + cob(I)alamin-[alkylcobalamin reductase] + H(+)

  Catalysed by GSS, MMACHCextracellular space, cytosol

• N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamideReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamine + glycine + ATP = N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + (6R)-10-formyltetrahydrofolate = N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + H(+)

  Catalysed by GARTextracellular space, cytosol

• kinetensin-(1-8)Reach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Chymase
  3. kinetensin + H2O = kinetensin-(1-8) + L-leucine

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, CMA1, ACE2extracellular space, cytosol

• 1-(10Z-heptadecenoyl)-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)
  3. 1-(10Z-heptadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA = 1-(10Z-heptadecenoyl)-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA

  Catalysed by NAGS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• cholesteryl (7Z)-octadecenoateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)
  2. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase ((7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA)
  3. (7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + cholesterol = cholesteryl (7Z)-octadecenoate + CoA

  Catalysed by NAGS, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• acetylcholineReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of acetylcholine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• acetylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and asparagine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. acetylpyruvate + H2O = acetate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, FAHD1extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• all-trans-retinoic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and asparagine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:15467Reach from here →
  1. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)
  2. Acetoacetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase (acetoacetyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by NAGS, AACS, HMGCS1mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (S)-malateReach from here →
  1. L-asparagine amidohydrolase
  2. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. transport of malate and OAA (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by ASRGL1, ASPG, GOT2mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 13 routes

• (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolateReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine
  3. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine

  Catalysed by SHMT1, SHMT2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
  3. Formate:tetrahydrofolate ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, MTHFD1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
  3. histamine N-methyltransferase (SAM)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, HNMTextracellular space, cytosol

• betaine aldehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, CHDHextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• formateReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine
  3. N-formyl-L-kynurenine + H2O = L-kynurenine + formate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, IDO1, TDO2, IDO2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• hexadecanoic acidReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Asparagine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. Utilized Transport

  Catalysed by SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 4 routes

• 4-(2-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of 3-Hydroxy-L-Kynurenine
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, KYAT1, KYAT3, AADATextracellular space, cytosol

• malonateReach from here →
  1. L-asparagine amidohydrolase
  2. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. malonate(in) + sulfate(out) = malonate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by ASRGL1, ASPG, SLC25A14, SLC25A30 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 3-hydroxyanthranilic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of asparagine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of 3-Hydroxy-L-Kynurenine
  3. 3-Hydroxy-L-kynurenine hydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, KYNUextracellular space, cytosol

• 1-acylglycerone 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. Acyl-CoA:glycerone-phosphate O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by NAGS, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatus, cytosol