N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acid

362,296 routes · scope human · up to 3 steps · built 5 October 2026 · Reactions · API

254 compounds within 3 steps: 4 in 1, 93 in 2, 157 in 3

Two steps

a 3-acylpyruvateReach from here →
1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
2. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
Catalysed by NPL, FAHD1cytosol
2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoateReach from here →
1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
2. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)
Catalysed by NPL, MPSTcytosol
2-methyl-3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
2. (R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate + pyruvate = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine
Catalysed by NPL, AGXT2cytosol
L-methionineReach from here →
1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
2. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O
Catalysed by NPL, TYW1B, TYW1cytosol
L-alanineReach from here →
1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
Catalysed by NPL, AGXT2cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 18 routes
aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
2. ATP:N-acyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphotransferase
Catalysed by NPL, GNEcytosolOne of 2 routes
a neolactoside IV(3)-alpha-NeuAc-nLc4Cer(d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase (CMP-N-acetylneuraminate)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST3GAL6nucleus, cytosolOne of 3 routes
(3S)-citramalyl-CoAReach from here →
1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
2. (3S)-citramalyl-CoA = pyruvate + acetyl-CoA
Catalysed by NPL, CLYBLcytosol
5-amino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
2. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
Catalysed by NPL, AGXT2cytosol
a ganglioside GM3 (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase (CMP-N-acetylneuraminate)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST3GAL5nucleus, cytosolOne of 3 routes
(4R)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarateReach from here →
1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
2. (4R)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + pyruvate
Catalysed by NPL, HOGA1cytosol
a ganglioside GM2 (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. lactosylceramide alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase (CMP-N-acetylneuraminate)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST6GALNAC2, ST3GAL5nucleus, cytosol
(4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarateReach from here →
1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
2. (4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + pyruvate
Catalysed by NPL, HOGA1cytosol
ganglioside GM1 (d18:1(4E)/18:0)Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. ganglioside GA1 (d18:1(4E)/18:0) + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = ganglioside GM1 (d18:1(4E)/18:0) + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST3GAL5nucleus
a ganglioside GM1 (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase (CMP-N-acetylneuraminate)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST3GAL5nucleus, cytosol
a ganglioside GD3 (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase (CMP-N-acetylneuraminate)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST8SIA1nucleus, cytosolOne of 4 routes
a ganglioside GT3 (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. alpha-N-acetylneuraminate alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase (CMP-N-acetylneuraminate)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST8SIA5, ST8SIA1nucleus, cytosolOne of 3 routes
a ganglioside GD1a (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. ST6 N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase (CMP-N-acetylneuraminate)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST6GALNAC3, ST6GALNAC6, ST6GALNAC5 and 1 morenucleus, cytosolOne of 4 routes
a ganglioside GT1a (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase (CMP-N-acetylneuraminate)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST8SIA5nucleus, cytosolOne of 3 routes
a ganglioside GT1b (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase (CMP-N-acetylneuraminate)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST3GAL1, ST3GAL4, ST3GAL2nucleus, cytosolOne of 4 routes
a ganglioside GQ1b (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase (CMP-N-acetylneuraminate)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST8SIA5nucleus, cytosolOne of 4 routes
a ganglioside GM4 (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GM4 (d18:1(4E)) + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST3GAL5nucleus
ganglioside GM2 (d18:1(4E)/18:0)Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. ganglioside GA2 (d18:1(4E)/18:0) + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = ganglioside GM2 (d18:1(4E)/18:0) + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST3GAL5nucleus
a ganglioside GD2 (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase (CMP-N-acetylneuraminate)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST8SIA1nucleus, cytosol
a ganglioside GM1b (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a ganglioside GA1 (d18:1(4E)) + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GM1b (d18:1(4E)) + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST3GAL1, ST3GAL4, ST3GAL2nucleus
a ganglioside GD1alpha (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a ganglioside GM1b (d18:1(4E)) + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GD1alpha (d18:1(4E)) + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST6GALNAC3, ST6GALNAC6, ST6GALNAC5 and 1 morenucleus
a ganglioside GT1aalpha (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a ganglioside GD1a (d18:1(4E)) + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GT1aalpha (d18:1(4E)) + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST6GALNAC6nucleus
a ganglioside GQ1balpha (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a ganglioside GT1b (d18:1(4E)) + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GQ1balpha (d18:1(4E)) + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST6GALNAC6nucleus
a ganglioside GD3Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a ganglioside GM3 + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GD3 + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST8SIA3, ST8SIA6nucleus
a ganglioside GT3Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a ganglioside GD3 + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GT3 + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST8SIA1nucleus
a ganglioside GD1aReach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a ganglioside GM1 + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GD1a + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST3GAL1, ST3GAL2nucleus
N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-ceramideReach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a beta-D-Gal-(1<->1')-ceramide + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-ceramide + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST3GAL5nucleus
a ganglioside GT1bReach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a ganglioside GD1b + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GT1b + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST3GAL1, ST3GAL2nucleus
a ganglioside GD1b (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase (CMP-N-acetylneuraminate)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST8SIA1nucleus, cytosol
a ganglioside GD1c (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a ganglioside GM1b (d18:1(4E)) + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GD1c (d18:1(4E)) + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST8SIA5, ST8SIA6, ST8SIA1nucleus
a ganglioside GQ1c (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a ganglioside GT1c (d18:1(4E)) + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GQ1c (d18:1(4E)) + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST3GAL4nucleus
a ganglioside GP1c (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a ganglioside GQ1c (d18:1(4E)) + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GP1c (d18:1(4E)) + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST8SIA5nucleus
N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->6)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acyl-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acyl-sphing-4-enine + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->6)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acyl-sphing-4-enine + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST6GALNAC6, ST6GALNAC5nucleus
a ganglioside GM1bReach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a ganglioside GA1 + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GM1b + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST3GAL1, ST3GAL2nucleus
ganglioside GD1a (18:1(4E)/18:0)Reach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. ganglioside GM1 (d18:1(4E)/18:0) + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = ganglioside GD1a (18:1(4E)/18:0) + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST3GAL1, ST3GAL2nucleus
a neolactoside IV(3)-alpha-NeuAc-nLc4CerReach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a neolactoside nLc4Cer + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a neolactoside IV(3)-alpha-NeuAc-nLc4Cer + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST3GAL4nucleus
a ganglioside GT1aReach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a ganglioside GD1a + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GT1a + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST8SIA6nucleus
a ganglioside GD1cReach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a ganglioside GM1b + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GD1c + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST8SIA6nucleus
an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->8)-N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a ganglioside GM4 (d18:1(4E)) + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->8)-N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST8SIA6nucleus
N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->8)-N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-ceramideReach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-ceramide + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->8)-N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-ceramide + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST8SIA6nucleus
a ganglioside GQ1bReach from here →
1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
2. a ganglioside GT1b + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GQ1b + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by CMAS, ST8SIA6nucleus
2-(1-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphateReach from here →
1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
2. pyruvate:thiamin diphosphate acetaldehydetransferase (decarboxylating)
Catalysed by NPL, PDHA1, PDHB, PDHA2cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acid

Two steps

Three steps