Skip to content

Reference

Evidence

CompoundsSubstances with curated findings
OutcomesMeasured endpoints
ProteinsTransporters and enzymes
InteractionsPairs that share biology
PapersEvery paper a finding cites
ArticlesReadings of the evidence

Chemistry

ReactionsRhea and Human-GEM, by subsystem
ReachWhat a compound can become

Reference layer

PathwaysReactions grouped under one name
ProcessesWhat proteins are annotated as doing
AnatomyTissues, by what is expressed there
Cell typesCells, by what is expressed there
OrganismsSpecies a compound is prepared from
MaterialsSubstances that are not one molecule
AssessmentsRegulatory determinations, transcribed
DiseasesFeatures, genes, and where each sits

Atlas Graph Twin Access

Search the graph

Reference

Evidence

Compounds
Outcomes
Proteins
Interactions
Papers
Articles

Chemistry

Reactions
Reach

Reference layer

Pathways
Processes
Anatomy
Cell types
Organisms
Materials
Assessments
Diseases

Atlas Graph Twin Access

Loading the page.

Catalyst

Computational infrastructure for human biology, built on a provenance-aware knowledge graph. Findings retain their sources; research and simulation are the next layers.

The graph

Compounds
Outcomes
Proteins
Atlas
Interactions
Papers
Articles
Graph
Search

Reference layer

Pathways
Processes
Anatomy
Cell types
Organisms
Materials
Assessments
Diseases
Reactions
Reach

How it works

Mission
Method
Twin
How to read the evidence
Sources and licences

Build on it

Access
In your assistant
For agents
Query the graph
Bulk export

A reference for what the literature reports. Not medical advice.

© 2026 CatalystPrivacy TermsReference data under the licences listed on the attribution page.

Proteins/UNIPROT:Q11201

ST3GAL1

Protein·UNIPROT:Q11201CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-beta-galactosamide-alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 1

Open in the graph

A beta-galactoside alpha2->3 sialyltransferase involved in terminal sialylation of glycoproteins and glycolipids. Catalyzes the transfer of sialic acid (N-acetyl-neuraminic acid; Neu5Ac) from the nucleotide sugar donor CMP-Neu5Ac onto acceptor Galbeta-(1->3)-GalNAc-terminated glycoconjugates through an alpha2-3 linkage. Adds sialic acid to the core 1 O-glycan, Galbeta-(1->3)-GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr, which is a major structure of mucin-type O-glycans. As part of a homeostatic mechanism that regulates CD8-positive T cell numbers, sialylates core 1 O-glycans of T cell glycoproteins, SPN/CD43 and PTPRC/CD45. Prevents premature apoptosis of thymic CD8-positive T cells prior to peripheral emigration, whereas in the secondary lymphoid organs controls the survival of CD8-positive memory T cells generated following a successful immune response (By similarity). Transfers sialic acid to asialofetuin, presumably onto Galbeta-(1->3)-GalNAc-O-Ser (By similarity). Sialylates GM1a, GA1 and GD1b gangliosides to form GD1a, GM1b and GT1b, respectively (By similarity)..

Function from UniProtKB (Q11201), read 2026-09-23. CC BY 4.0.

Curated compounds routed: 0

What the reference databases state

Inferred

Inferred — not reported by a source. Evidence key

Statements

62 statements

62 statements · 7 reference databases · Subject: ST3GAL1 · Sources: Bgee, gene ontology, Hetionet, Human-GEM, Reactome, Rhea, WikiPathways

Search this listOrder

ST3GAL1 is expressed in right lobe of thyroid glandAnatomyBgee ENSG00000008513Inferred only
GSTA1 interacts with ST3GAL1ProteinHetionet hetionet:interacts:2938-6482Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Asparagine N-linked glycosylationPathwayReactome R-HSA-446203Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Biosynthesis of the N-glycan precursor (dolichol lipid-linked oligosaccharide, LLO) and transfer to a nascent proteinPathwayReactome R-HSA-446193Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in DiseasePathwayReactome R-HSA-1643685Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Ganglio series sphingolipid metabolismPathwayWikiPathways WP5299Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Ganglio sphingolipid metabolismPathwayWikiPathways WP1423Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Glycosaminoglycan metabolismPathwayReactome R-HSA-1630316Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Infectious diseasePathwayReactome R-HSA-5663205Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Keratan sulfate biosynthesisPathwayReactome R-HSA-2022854Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Keratan sulfate/keratin metabolismPathwayReactome R-HSA-1638074Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Late SARS-CoV-2 Infection EventsPathwayReactome R-HSA-9772573Inferred only

Show the remaining 50

ST3GAL1 participates in Maturation of protein 3aPathwayReactome R-HSA-9683673Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Maturation of protein 3aPathwayReactome R-HSA-9694719Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Maturation of spike proteinPathwayReactome R-HSA-9694548Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in MetabolismPathwayReactome R-HSA-1430728Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Metabolism of carbohydrates and carbohydrate derivativesPathwayReactome R-HSA-71387Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Metabolism of proteinsPathwayReactome R-HSA-392499Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in O-linked glycosylationPathwayReactome R-HSA-5173105Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in O-linked glycosylation of mucinsPathwayReactome R-HSA-913709Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Post-translational protein modificationPathwayReactome R-HSA-597592Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in SARS-CoV InfectionsPathwayReactome R-HSA-9679506Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in SARS-CoV-1 InfectionPathwayReactome R-HSA-9678108Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in SARS-CoV-2 InfectionPathwayReactome R-HSA-9694516Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Sialic acid metabolismPathwayReactome R-HSA-4085001Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Synthesis of substrates in N-glycan biosythesisPathwayReactome R-HSA-446219Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Termination of O-glycan biosynthesisPathwayReactome R-HSA-977068Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Translation of Structural ProteinsPathwayReactome R-HSA-9683701Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Translation of Structural ProteinsPathwayReactome R-HSA-9694635Inferred only
ST3GAL1 participates in Viral Infection PathwaysPathwayReactome R-HSA-9824446Inferred only
ST3GAL1 regulates negative regulation of activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic processBiological processgene ontology Q11201|GO:1905403Inferred only
a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl derivative is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundRhea RHEA:21616Inferred only
a ganglioside GA1 is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundRhea RHEA:48244Inferred only
a ganglioside GA1 (d18:1(4E)) is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundRhea RHEA:47560Inferred only
a ganglioside GD1b is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundRhea RHEA:48240Inferred only
a ganglioside GD1b (d18:1(4E)) is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR08189Inferred only
a ganglioside GD1b (d18:1(4E)) is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR00844Inferred only
a ganglioside GM1 is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundRhea RHEA:48260Inferred only
a ganglioside GM1 (d18:1(4E)) is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR00837Inferred only
a ganglioside GM1 (d18:1(4E)) is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundRhea RHEA:18021Inferred only
a ganglioside GM1 (d18:1(4E)) is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR08188Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundRhea RHEA:56208Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR08188Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR00812Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR00817Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR00837Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR00844Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR07171Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR07442Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR07472Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR08155Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR08167Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR08189Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundRhea RHEA:18021Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundRhea RHEA:21616Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundRhea RHEA:47560Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundRhea RHEA:48240Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundRhea RHEA:48244Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundRhea RHEA:48248Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundRhea RHEA:48260Inferred only
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundRhea RHEA:56204Inferred only
ganglioside GM1 (d18:1(4E)/18:0) is a substrate of ST3GAL1CompoundRhea RHEA:48248Inferred only

Reactions

20 reactions

CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate+MAM01912ccytidine 5'-monophosphate+MAM02491c
Catalysed by ST3GAL1 or ST3GAL4 or ST3GAL2
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 2.4.3.4cytosol
Human-GEM MAR00812CC BY 4.0Reference data
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate+MAM01904ccytidine 5'-monophosphate+MAM02010c+proton
Catalysed by ST3GAL1

Other names

14 names

Resolves to: ST3GAL1

Also called: Alpha 2,3-ST 1Beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 1Gal-beta-1,3-GalNAc-alpha-2,3-sialyltransferaseGal-NAc6SMonosialoganglioside sialyltransferaseSialyltransferase 4ASIAT4SIAT4-ASIAT4ASIATFLST3Gal IST3GalA.1ST3GalIST3O

← Every protein Find it in the graph →

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 2.4.3.4cytosol

Human-GEM MAR00817CC BY 4.0Reference data

CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate+a ganglioside GM1 (d18:1(4E))cytidine 5'-monophosphate+a ganglioside GD1a (d18:1(4E))+proton

Catalysed by ST3GAL1 or ST3GAL4 or ST3GAL2

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 2.4.3.4cytosol

Human-GEM MAR00837CC BY 4.0Reference data

CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate+a ganglioside GD1b (d18:1(4E))cytidine 5'-monophosphate+a ganglioside GT1b (d18:1(4E))+proton

Catalysed by ST3GAL1 or ST3GAL4 or ST3GAL2

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 2.4.3.4cytosol

Human-GEM MAR00844CC BY 4.0Reference data

CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate+MAM02960gcytidine 5'-monophosphate+proton+MAM02906g

Catalysed by ST3GAL1 or ST3GAL4 or ST3GAL2

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 2.4.3.4Golgi apparatus

Human-GEM MAR07171CC BY 4.0Reference data

CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate+MAM01607gcytidine 5'-monophosphate+proton+MAM02304g

Catalysed by ST3GAL1 or ST3GAL4 or ST3GAL2

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 2.4.3.4Golgi apparatus

Human-GEM MAR07442CC BY 4.0Reference data

CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate+MAM02289gcytidine 5'-monophosphate+proton+MAM02291g

Catalysed by ST3GAL1 or ST3GAL4 or ST3GAL2

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 2.4.3.4Golgi apparatus

Human-GEM MAR07472CC BY 4.0Reference data

CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate+MAM01912gcytidine 5'-monophosphate+proton+MAM02905g

Catalysed by ST3GAL1 or ST3GAL4 or ST3GAL2

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 2.4.3.4Golgi apparatus

Human-GEM MAR08155CC BY 4.0Reference data

CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate+MAM01904gcytidine 5'-monophosphate+MAM02010g+proton

Catalysed by ST3GAL1 or ST3GAL4 or ST3GAL2

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 2.4.3.4Golgi apparatus

Human-GEM MAR08167CC BY 4.0Reference data

CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate+a ganglioside GM1 (d18:1(4E))cytidine 5'-monophosphate+a ganglioside GD1a (d18:1(4E))+proton

Catalysed by ST3GAL1 or ST3GAL4 or ST3GAL2

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 2.4.3.4Golgi apparatus

Human-GEM MAR08188CC BY 4.0Reference data

CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate+a ganglioside GD1b (d18:1(4E))cytidine 5'-monophosphate+a ganglioside GT1b (d18:1(4E))+proton

Catalysed by ST3GAL1 or ST3GAL4 or ST3GAL2

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 2.4.3.4Golgi apparatus

Human-GEM MAR08189CC BY 4.0Reference data

a ganglioside GM1 (d18:1(4E))+CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminatea ganglioside GD1a (d18:1(4E))+CMP+hydron

Catalysed by ST3GAL1 or ST3GAL4 or ST3GAL2

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable

Rhea RHEA:18021CC BY 4.0Reference data

Show the remaining 8