dTDP

Three steps

• L-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (dADP)
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. thioredoxin phosphorylation

  Catalysed by NME4, NME6, NME1, NME2 and 7 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

• CHEBI:17203Reach from here →
  1. nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (dADP)
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. thioredoxin phosphorylation

  Catalysed by NME4, NME6, NME1, NME2 and 7 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

• 17alpha-hydroxyprogesteroneReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space, endoplasmic reticulum

• sulfiteReach from here →
  1. nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (dADP)
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. sulfotransferase (thioredoxin)

  Catalysed by NME4, NME6, NME1, NME2 and 8 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• enol-oxaloacetateReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH
  3. (S)-malate + a quinone = enol-oxaloacetate + a quinol

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, ME2, SDHB and 1 morecytosol

• AH2Reach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, AGXT2, MOCOScytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 7 routes

• L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (dADP)
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. thioredoxin phosphorylation

  Catalysed by NME4, NME6, NME1, NME2 and 7 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 23 routes

• Ala-tRNA(Ala)Reach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. L-Alanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, AGXT2, AARS1cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 4-methylumbelliferyl acetateReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 4-methylumbelliferyl acetate + H2O = 4-methylumbelliferone + acetate + H(+)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 6 morecytosol, extracellular space

• urateReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. (S)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  3. transport of L-lactate and urate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, LDHB, LDHAL6B and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:17895Reach from here →
  1. nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (dADP)
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. thioredoxin phosphorylation

  Catalysed by NME4, NME6, NME1, NME2 and 7 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 10 routes

• all-trans-retinalReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. retinoate reduction

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 3-phenylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. L-Glutamine:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. 3-phenylpyruvate + L-glutamine = 2-oxoglutaramate + L-phenylalanine

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, KYAT1cytosol

• fumaric acidReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH
  3. (S)-malate hydro-lyase (fumarate-forming)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, ME2, FHcytosolOne of 6 routes

• CHEBI:18019Reach from here →
  1. nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (dADP)
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. thioredoxin phosphorylation

  Catalysed by NME4, NME6, NME1, NME2 and 7 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 6 routes

• thiocyanateReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)
  3. 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (hydrogen-cyanide)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, MPST, TSTcytosol

• 4-fumarylacetoacetateReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. transport of acetoacetate and pyruvate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. 4-fumarylacetoacetate + H2O = acetoacetate + fumarate + H(+)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, FAHcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L-glutamineReach from here →
  1. nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (dADP)
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. thioredoxin phosphorylation

  Catalysed by NME4, NME6, NME1, NME2 and 7 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 19 routes

• CHEBI:18095Reach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. Transport of Hydroxy-Proline

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, AGXT2, SLC1A4cytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space

• thioredoxin disulfideReach from here →
  1. nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (dADP)
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate:oxydized-thioredoxin 2'-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by NME4, NME6, NME1, NME2 and 7 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 12 routes

• S-methylmercury-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O
  3. S-methylmercury-L-cysteine(out) + L-methionine(in) = S-methylmercury-L-cysteine(in) + L-methionine(out)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, TYW1B, TYW1 and 1 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 2-(alpha-Hydroxypropyl)thiamine diphosphateReach from here →
  1. deoxythymidylate kinase (dADP)
  2. Antiport of thiamine-diphosphate and dATP
  3. branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 (2-oxobutyrate)

  Catalysed by DTYMK, SLC25A19, BCKDHA, BCKDHBmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-aminoisobutanoateReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. 2-aminoisobutanoate(out) + L-alanine(in) = 2-aminoisobutanoate(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, AGXT2, SLC7A10cytosol, mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• D-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. D-serine = pyruvate + NH4(+)
  3. D-isoleucine(out) + D-serine(in) = D-isoleucine(in) + D-serine(out)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, SRR, SLC7A10cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, AGXT2cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (S)-lactoyl-AMPReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. (S)-lactate + ATP + H(+) = (S)-lactoyl-AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, LDHA, LDHB and 5 morecytosol

• (S)-lactoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. (S)-lactate + ATP + CoA = (S)-lactoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, LDHA, LDHB and 4 morecytosol

• N-acetylneuraminate 9-phosphateReach from here →
  1. DTTP Nucleotidohydrolase
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  3. N-acetylneuraminate synthase

  Catalysed by ENTPD3, ENTPD1, ENTPD8, PKM and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• dUMPReach from here →
  1. nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (dADP)
  2. cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase (dADP)
  3. dCMP aminohydrolase

  Catalysed by NME4, NME6, NME1, NME2 and 4 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• a quinolReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH
  3. (S)-malate + a quinone = enol-oxaloacetate + a quinol

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, ME2, SDHB and 1 morecytosol

• selenomethionineReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate
  3. Selenomethionine methanethiol-lyase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, AGXT2, CTHcytosol

• CHEBI:27760Reach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate
  3. Selenocystathionine Lysteine-lyase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, AGXT2, CTHcytosol

• 3-mercaptolactic acidReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)
  3. 3-Mercaptolactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, MPST, LDHB and 3 morecytosol

• 2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. 2-oxopentanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-2-aminopentanoate

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, AGXT2cytosol

• 17alpha-hydroxypregnenoloneReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space, endoplasmic reticulum

• pyridoxine 5'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, AGXT2, SCLYcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• N-glycoloylneuraminateReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  3. CMP-N-acetylneuraminate monooxygenase (N-acetylneuraminate)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, NPLcytosol

• CHEBI:29052Reach from here →
  1. deoxythymidylate kinase (dADP)
  2. dATP:D-fructose 6-phosphotransferase
  3. sedoheptulose-7-phosphate:D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glyceronetransferase

  Catalysed by DTYMK, HK1, HK2, HK3 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• a carboxylateReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  3. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, FAHD1cytosol

• 3-methyl-1-hydroxybutylthiamine diphosphateReach from here →
  1. deoxythymidylate kinase (dADP)
  2. Antiport of thiamine-diphosphate and dATP
  3. branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 (4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate)

  Catalysed by DTYMK, SLC25A19, BCKDHA, BCKDHBmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• chlorine(.)Reach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, AGXT2, SLC6A14cytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 6 routes

• hydrogen sulfideReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)
  3. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, MPSTcytosol

• L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (dADP)
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. thioredoxin phosphorylation

  Catalysed by NME4, NME6, NME1, NME2 and 7 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 10 routes

• citric acidReach from here →
  1. DTTP Nucleotidohydrolase
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  3. transport of citrate and PEP (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by ENTPD3, ENTPD1, ENTPD8, PKM and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 9 routes

• isocitric acidReach from here →
  1. DTTP Nucleotidohydrolase
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  3. transport of isocitrate and PEP (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by ENTPD3, ENTPD1, ENTPD8, PKM and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutaric acidReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. Pyruvate:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. D-aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, PC, GOT2cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• cis-aconitic acidReach from here →
  1. DTTP Nucleotidohydrolase
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  3. transport of cis-aconitate and PEP (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by ENTPD3, ENTPD1, ENTPD8, PKM and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• thiosulfateReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH
  3. transport of malate and thiosulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, ME2, SLC25A10cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• 4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acidReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O
  3. L-Methionine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, TYW1B, TYW1 and 1 morecytosol

• 2-oxohexanoateReach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. 2-oxohexanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = L-2-aminohexanoate + 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, AGXT2cytosol