D-aspartic acid

Three steps

• CHEBI:240943Reach from here →
  1. transport of D-aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 2-Methylbutyrylglycine Transport, Extracellular

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• a quinolReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. transport of malate and OAA (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. (S)-malate + a quinone = enol-oxaloacetate + a quinol

  Catalysed by DDO, SDHB, SDHAperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• hypochlorous acidReach from here →
  1. transport of D-aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Peroxidase

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:27540Reach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (hexanoic acid)

  Catalysed by DDO, CS, ACSM4, ACSM1 and 4 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• elaidic acidReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (elaidate)

  Catalysed by DDO, CS, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• 2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + oxaloacetate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-aspartate
  3. 2-oxopentanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-2-aminopentanoate

  Catalysed by DDO, AGXT2peroxisome

• CHEBI:28701Reach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  3. Propanoyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by DDO, CS, ACAA1, SCP2 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 7 routes

• Mn(2+)Reach from here →
  1. transport of D-aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of Ca2+ and K+ (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Mn(2+)(out) + Ca(2+)(in) = Mn(2+)(in) + Ca(2+)(out)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 7 moreextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• K(+)Reach from here →
  1. transport of D-aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. K(+)(in) + L-aspartate(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-aspartate(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 5 routes

• Zn(2+)Reach from here →
  1. transport of D-aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of Ca2+ and K+ (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Zn(2+)(in) + Ca(2+)(out) = Zn(2+)(out) + Ca(2+)(in)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 7 moreextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• Asp-tRNA(Asp)Reach from here →
  1. transport of D-aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Aspartate:tRNA(Asp) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• acetateReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  3. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DDO, FAHD1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 3 moreperoxisome, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• formic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of D-aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• propionic acidReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  3. transport of propanoate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DDO, FAHD1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 moreperoxisome, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• butyric acidReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  3. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DDO, FAHD1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 moreperoxisome, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• maleateReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  3. maleate(in) + citrate(out) = maleate(out) + citrate(in)

  Catalysed by DDO, CS, SLC25A1peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• malonic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of D-aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Malonate Transport, Antiport with Chloride

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-hydroxypyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  3. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by DDO, FAHD1, AGXTperoxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• isocitric acidReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. transport of malate and OAA (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.7.2

  Catalysed by DDO, SLC25A1peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• cis-aconitic acidReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. transport of malate and OAA (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.7.2

  Catalysed by DDO, SLC25A1peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• N-carbamoyl-L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. carbamoyl phosphate + L-aspartate = N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  3. 3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine = beta-alanine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by DDO, FAHD1, AGXT2peroxisome, cytosol

• thiosulfateReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. transport of malate and OAA (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. transport of malate and thiosulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by DDO, SLC25A10peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-oxohexanoateReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + oxaloacetate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-aspartate
  3. 2-oxohexanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = L-2-aminohexanoate + 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate

  Catalysed by DDO, AGXT2peroxisome

• D-serineReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  3. D-serine = pyruvate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by DDO, FAHD1, SRRperoxisome, cytosol

• glyoxylateReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. transport of malate and OAA (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by DDO, CLYBLperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (R)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  3. (R)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by DDO, FAHD1, LDHDperoxisome, cytosol

• (S)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  3. (S)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by DDO, FAHD1, LDHB, LDHAL6Bperoxisome, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• 2-iminopropanoateReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  3. 2-iminopropanoate + H2O = pyruvate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by DDO, FAHD1, RIDAperoxisome, cytosol

• N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acidReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  3. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)

  Catalysed by DDO, FAHD1, NPLperoxisome, cytosol

• N-methylserotoninReach from here →
  1. transport of D-aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:amine N-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• Li(+)Reach from here →
  1. transport of D-aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of Ca2+ and K+ (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of Li+ (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 7 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetaldehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of D-aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 5-Hydroxytryptamine:oxygen oxidoreductase(deaminating)(flavin-containing)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• taurineReach from here →
  1. transport of D-aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• a 3-acylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  3. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by DDO, FAHD1peroxisome, cytosol

• glycineReach from here →
  1. transport of D-aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 13 routes

• (S)-malyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. transport of malate and OAA (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. (S)-malate + ATP + CoA = (S)-malyl-CoA + ADP + phosphate

  Catalysed by DDO, SUCLG1, SUCLA2peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (R)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  3. aldehyde dehydrogenase (2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate)

  Catalysed by DDO, CS, ALDH6A1peroxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (S)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  3. (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by DDO, CSperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• 3'-dephospho-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  3. acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal (CoA)

  Catalysed by DDO, CS, ACP2peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix, lysosomeOne of 2 routes

• (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  3. (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoA formation

  Catalysed by DDO, CSperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  3. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-ketopristanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by DDO, CS, ACAA1, MYO5Bperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (gamma-linolenate)

  Catalysed by DDO, CS, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• butanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  3. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by DDO, CS, ACSM4, ACSM1 and 4 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• dodecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lauric acid)

  Catalysed by DDO, CS, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• glutaryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  3. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine

  Catalysed by DDO, CS, CPT1A, CPT1C and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• eicosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (eicosanoate)

  Catalysed by DDO, CS, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 12 routes

• itaconyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  3. Itaconate:CoA ligase (GDP-forming)

  Catalysed by DDO, CS, SUCLG1, SUCLG2 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)

  Catalysed by DDO, CS, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 13 routes

• tetradecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-Aspartate:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)

  Catalysed by DDO, CS, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 11 routes