an acyl-CoA

Three steps

• 1-O-hexadecyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. (8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  3. 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA = 1-O-hexadecyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by FADS1, LPCAT4cytosol

• succinyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. aldehyde dehydrogenase (2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate)
  3. (R)-methylmalonyl-CoA = succinyl-CoA

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 2 moremitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (2E)-butenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. butanoyl-CoA:electron-transfer flavoprotein 2,3-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 8 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 3-methyl-(2E)-glutaconyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. glycine-N-acyltransferase (3-methylcrotonoylglycine)
  3. 3-Methylcrotonoyl-CoA:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 3 moremitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (2E)-glutaconyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. glutaryl-CoA + O2 = (2E)-glutaconyl-CoA + H2O2

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• acryloyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. Propanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (propanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• propanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA + H(+) = propanoyl-CoA + CO2

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 1 moremitochondrial matrix

• prostaglandin H2Reach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. Arachidonyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 3 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• D-alanineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. D-alanine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-alanine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• sarcosineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 4 moremitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine + putrescine = S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + spermidine + H(+)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. Arachidonyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = (12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 4 morecytosol

• (15S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. Arachidonyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = (15S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 4 morecytosol

• (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. Arachidonyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 2 morecytosol

• 7,8-dihydrofolateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)
  3. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 5 moremitochondrial matrix

• leukotriene A4Reach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. Arachidonyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = leukotriene A4 + H2O

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 2 morecytosol

• (13S)-hydroperoxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. Linoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. Linoleate:oxygen 13-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 3 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• propane-1,3-diamineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. [eIF5A protein]-L-lysine + spermidine = [eIF5A protein]-deoxyhypusine + propane-1,3-diamine

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (R)-2-hydroxyoctadecanoateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. Stearoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. octadecanoate + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (R)-2-hydroxyoctadecanoate + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + H2O

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 2 morecytosol

• O-acetyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• sn-glycerol 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate pool formation and breakdown
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + H2O = sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + hexadecanoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• an N-acylsphing-4-enine 1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. sphingosine N-acyltransferase (sphinganine)
  2. delta 4-desaturase, sphingolipid (dihydroceramide pool)
  3. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + ATP = an N-acylsphing-4-enine 1-phosphate + ADP + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 6 morecytosol

• 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. L-Cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• sn-glycerol 1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. a 2-acylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacylglycerol + CoA
  2. a 1-acylglycerol + a 1,2-diacylglycerol = a triacylglycerol + glycerol
  3. sn-glycerol 1-phosphate + H2O = glycerol + phosphate

  Catalysed by MOGAT2, MOGAT3, LPGAT1, TMEM68 and 5 more

• guanidinoacetateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• D-threonineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. D-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-tryptophanReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of glycine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 24 routes

• glutathioneReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 4 moremitochondrial matrix

• L-threonineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 8 routes

• sphinganine 1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. sphingosine N-acyltransferase (sphinganine)
  2. N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase
  3. ATP:sphinganine 1-phosphotransferase

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 10 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 1 moremitochondrial matrix

• beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. beta-alanine(out) + L-alanine(in) = beta-alanine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

• leukotriene C4Reach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. leukotriene C4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• a 6-(alpha-D-glucosaminyl)-1-(1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho)-1D-myo-inositolReach from here →
  1. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + CoA
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine = a 6-(N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl)-1-(1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho)-1D-myo-inositol + UDP + H(+)
  3. phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class L

  Catalysed by LCLAT1, MBOAT7, PIGA, PIGLendoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• a 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. Acyl-CoA:glycerone-phosphate O-acyltransferase
  2. alkylglycerone phosphate synthase (acylglycerone-phosphate)
  3. a 1-O-alkylglycerone 3-phosphate + NADPH + H(+) = a 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + NADP(+)

  Catalysed by GNPAT, AGPS, DHRS7Bcytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• taurocyamineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)
  3. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• L-cysteateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)
  3. L-cysteate + H(+) = taurine + CO2

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 35 routes

• N(1)-acetylspermineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. N(1)-acetylspermine + O2 + H2O = 3-acetamidopropanal + spermidine + H2O2

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 1 moremitochondrial matrix

• gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. L-glutamate:L-cysteine gamma-ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-homocysteineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)
  3. L-homocysteine + L-serine = L,L-cystathionine + H2O

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 2 moremitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• carbamoyl phosphateReach from here →
  1. an acyl-CoA + L-glutamine = an N(2)-acyl-L-glutamine + CoA + H(+)
  2. an acyl-CoA + L-glutamine = an N(2)-acyl-L-glutamine + CoA + H(+)
  3. HCO3-:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating)

  Catalysed by GLYATL1B, GLYATL1, CADcytosolOne of 2 routes

• S-methyl-L-methionineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 2 moremitochondrial matrix

• a 1-acyl-2-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. octadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  3. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = a 1-acyl-2-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, LPCAT4cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 4 moremitochondrial matrix

• N(1)-acetylspermidineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. spermidine + acetyl-CoA = N(1)-acetylspermidine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 4 moremitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 3-aminopropanalReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermine)
  3. spermidine:oxygen oxidoreductase (spermidine-forming)

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAM and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol