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Proteins/UNIPROT:O60427
[Isoform 1]: Acts as a front-end fatty acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) desaturase that introduces a cis double bond at carbon 5 located between a preexisting double bond and the carboxyl end of the fatty acyl chain. Involved in biosynthesis of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) from the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) linoleic acid (LA) (18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (18:3n-3) precursors. Specifically, desaturates dihomo-gamma-linoleoate (DGLA) (20:3n-6) and eicosatetraenoate (ETA) (20:4n-3) to generate arachidonate (AA) (20:4n-6) and eicosapentaenoate (EPA) (20:5n-3), respectively. As a rate limiting enzyme for DGLA (20:3n-6) and AA (20:4n-6)-derived eicosanoid biosynthesis, controls the metabolism of inflammatory lipids like prostaglandin E2, critical for efficient acute inflammatory response and maintenance of epithelium homeostasis. Contributes to membrane phospholipid biosynthesis by providing AA (20:4n-6) as a major acyl chain esterified into phospholipids. In particular, regulates phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate levels, modulating inflammatory cytokine production in T-cells (By similarity). Also desaturates (11E)-octadecenoate (trans-vaccenoate)(18:1n-9), a metabolite in the biohydrogenation pathway of LA (18:2n-6) (By similarity)..
[Isoform 2]: Does not exhibit any catalytic activity toward 20:3n-6, but it may enhance FADS2 activity..
Function from UniProtKB (O60427), read 2026-09-23. CC BY 4.0.
Curated compounds routed: 0
288 statements
288 statements · 7 reference databases · Subject: FADS1 · Sources: Bgee, gene ontology, Hetionet, Human-GEM, Reactome, Rhea, WikiPathways
13 reactions
proton+(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA+NADH(2-)+dioxygen(6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoA+2water+NAD(+)
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.19.3cytosol
Human-GEM MAR00152CC BY 4.0Reference data
7 names
Resolves to: FADS1
Catalysed by FADS1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.19.1cytosol
Human-GEM MAR00181CC BY 4.0Reference data
(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA+proton+NADH(2-)+dioxygen(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoyl-CoA+2water+NAD(+)
Catalysed by FADS1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.19.1cytosol
Human-GEM MAR00186CC BY 4.0Reference data
proton+NADPH(4-)+dioxygen+oleoyl-CoA(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA+2water+NADP(3-)
Catalysed by FADS2 or FADS1 or FADS3
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.19.-cytosol
Human-GEM MAR02359CC BY 4.0Reference data
MAM00123c+proton+NADPH(4-)+dioxygenMAM00101c+2water+NADP(3-)
Catalysed by FADS2 or FADS1 or FADS3
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.19.-cytosol
Human-GEM MAR02365CC BY 4.0Reference data
proton+(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA+NADPH(4-)+dioxygen(6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoA+2water+NADP(3-)
Catalysed by FADS2 or FADS1 or FADS3
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.19.3cytosol
Human-GEM MAR02368CC BY 4.0Reference data
(8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoyl-CoA+proton+NADPH(4-)+dioxygenarachidonoyl-CoA+2water+NADP(3-)
Catalysed by FADS2 or FADS1 or FADS3
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.19.-cytosol
Human-GEM MAR02380CC BY 4.0Reference data
proton+(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoA+NADPH(4-)+dioxygen(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatetraenoyl-CoA+2water+NADP(3-)
Catalysed by FADS2 or FADS1 or FADS3
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.19.-cytosol
Human-GEM MAR02472CC BY 4.0Reference data
(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA+proton+NADPH(4-)+dioxygen(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoyl-CoA+2water+NADP(3-)
Catalysed by FADS2 or FADS1 or FADS3
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.19.-cytosol
Human-GEM MAR02484CC BY 4.0Reference data
(9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosapentaenoyl-CoA+proton+NADH(2-)+dioxygen(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosahexaenoyl-CoA+2water+NAD(+)
Catalysed by FADS2 or FADS1 or FADS3
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.19.3cytosol
Human-GEM MAR02505CC BY 4.0Reference data
CHEBI:74296+2Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5]+dioxygen+2hydronCHEBI:85651+2Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5]+2water
Catalysed by FADS1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:46060CC BY 4.0Reference data
(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA+2Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5]+dioxygen+2hydron(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoyl-CoA+2Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5]+2water
Catalysed by FADS1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:46420CC BY 4.0Reference data