glycolate

Three steps

• (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acidReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. transport of (R)-3-hydroxybutanoate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2, SLC16A4 and 5 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 2'-deoxyguanosineReach from here →
  1. N(2)-(1-hydroxy-2-oxoethyl)-dGTP + H2O = dGTP + glycolate + H(+)
  2. N(2)-(1-hydroxy-2-oxoethyl)-dGTP + H2O = dGTP + glycolate + H(+)
  3. dGTP + H2O = 2'-deoxyguanosine + triphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by PARK7, SAMHD1

• 3-hydroxypyruvateReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. L-serine + pyruvate = 3-hydroxypyruvate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. transport of glycine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2, SLC7A5cytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:17203Reach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. transport of glycine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2, SLC7A5 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• (S)-4-hydroxymandelateReach from here →
  1. glycolate + NADP(+) = glyoxylate + NADPH + H(+)
  2. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  3. 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + O2 = (S)-4-hydroxymandelate + CO2

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AADAT, HPDL

• anilineReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]
  3. Acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by GRHPR, CLYBL, NAT2, NAT1cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• aceneuramateReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. aceneuramate = aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2, NPLcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• CHEBI:17312Reach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]
  3. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion

  Catalysed by GRHPR, CLYBLcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 5'-deoxyadenosineReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2, TYW1B and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• sulfiteReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]
  3. transport of malate and sulfite (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, CLYBL, SLC25A10cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:17380Reach from here →
  1. glycolate + NADP(+) = glyoxylate + NADPH + H(+)
  2. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + glyoxylate = xanthurenate + glycine + H2O
  3. Kynurenine-Oxoglutarate Transaminase

  Catalysed by GRHPR, KYAT3, AADATmitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• enol-oxaloacetateReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]
  3. (S)-malate + a quinone = enol-oxaloacetate + a quinol

  Catalysed by GRHPR, CLYBL, SDHB, SDHAcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 5-aminolevulinic acidReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. succinyl-CoA:glycine C-succinyltransferase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2, ALAS1 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2, SLC3A2 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 5 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:3->C16:3), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by GRHPR, CLYBL, HADHA, ACADVL and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• CHEBI:17895Reach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. transport of glycine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2, SLC7A5cytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:17927Reach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]
  3. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion

  Catalysed by GRHPR, CLYBLcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• fumaric acidReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]
  3. (S)-malate hydro-lyase (fumarate-forming)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, CLYBL, FHcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• CHEBI:18019Reach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. transport of glycine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2, SLC7A6cytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• triphosphateReach from here →
  1. N(2)-(1-hydroxy-2-oxoethyl)-dGTP + H2O = dGTP + glycolate + H(+)
  2. N(2)-(1-hydroxy-2-oxoethyl)-dGTP + H2O = dGTP + glycolate + H(+)
  3. dGTP + H2O = 2'-deoxyguanosine + triphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by PARK7, SAMHD1

• L-glutamineReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. transport of glutamine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2, SLC7A5cytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• dTDPReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2, PKM and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamideReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. 5-Phospho-D-ribosylamine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2, GARTcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• ophthalmateReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. gamma-L-glutamyl-(2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glycine + ATP = ophthalmate + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2, GSScytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 2-(alpha-Hydroxypropyl)thiamine diphosphateReach from here →
  1. glycolate + NADP(+) = glyoxylate + NADPH + H(+)
  2. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate = 2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  3. branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 (2-oxobutyrate)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT2, BCKDHA, BCKDHBmitochondrial matrix

• N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2, SHMT1cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (5Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-7-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, CLYBL, HADHA, ACAA2 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (11Z)-docosenoyl-CoA(4-)Reach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-cetoleic acid)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, CLYBL, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• (7Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((7Z)-tetradecenoic acid)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, CLYBL, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:4->C16:4), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by GRHPR, CLYBL, HADHA, ACADVL and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (7Z,10Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation Trans (C18:2->C16:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by GRHPR, CLYBL, HADHA, ACADVL and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (4Z,7Z)-decadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C12:3->C10:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by GRHPR, CLYBL, ECHS1, ACAA2 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (5Z)-octenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C10:2->C8:1), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by GRHPR, CLYBL, ECHS1, ACAA2 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:240943Reach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2, GLYAT and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• a quinolReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]
  3. (S)-malate + a quinone = enol-oxaloacetate + a quinol

  Catalysed by GRHPR, CLYBL, SDHB, SDHAcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• phenylacetylglycineReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. phenylacetyl-CoA:glycine N-phenylacetyltransferase

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2, GLYATcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:27540Reach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (hexanoic acid)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, CLYBL, ACSM4, ACSM1 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 6 routes

• selenomethionineReach from here →
  1. glycolate + NADP(+) = glyoxylate + NADPH + H(+)
  2. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate = 2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  3. Selenomethionine methanethiol-lyase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT2, CTHcytosol

• CHEBI:27760Reach from here →
  1. glycolate + NADP(+) = glyoxylate + NADPH + H(+)
  2. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate = 2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  3. Selenocystathionine Lysteine-lyase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT2, CTHcytosol

• elaidic acidReach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (elaidate)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, CLYBL, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• (2-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acidReach from here →
  1. glycolate + NADP(+) = glyoxylate + NADPH + H(+)
  2. glyoxylate + L-phenylalanine = 3-phenylpyruvate + glycine
  3. Phenylpyruvate:oxygen oxidoreductase (hydroxylating,decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AADAT, HPDcytosol

• 2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. glycolate + NADP(+) = glyoxylate + NADPH + H(+)
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  3. 2-oxopentanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-2-aminopentanoate

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT2

• CHEBI:28666Reach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. LTD4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• CHEBI:28701Reach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]
  3. Propanoyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by GRHPR, CLYBL, ACAA1, SCP2 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, peroxisomeOne of 7 routes

• a dicarboxylateReach from here →
  1. glycolate + NADP(+) = glyoxylate + NADPH + H(+)
  2. L-kynurenine + glyoxylate = kynurenate + glycine + H2O
  3. kynurenate(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = kynurenate(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, KYAT3, AADAT, SLC22A8inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-ascorbic acidReach from here →
  1. glycolate + NADP(+) = glyoxylate + NADPH + H(+)
  2. N-octanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = octanamide + glyoxylate
  3. N-octanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-octanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O

  Catalysed by GRHPR, PAMOne of 6 routes

• 3-methyl-1-hydroxybutylthiamine diphosphateReach from here →
  1. glycolate + NADP(+) = glyoxylate + NADPH + H(+)
  2. L-leucine + glyoxylate = 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  3. branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 (4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AADAT, BCKDHA, BCKDHBmitochondrial matrix

• Gly-tRNA(Gly)Reach from here →
  1. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. glycine:tRNA(Gly) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by GRHPR, AGXT, AGXT2, GARS1cytosol, mitochondrial matrix