all-trans-retinoic acid

1. transport of acetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, CYP17A1extracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

1. transport of formate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC26A4extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. 3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine = beta-alanine + pyruvate

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. D-serine = pyruvate + NH4(+)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. retinoate reduction
2. all-trans-retinal + NAD(+) + H2O = all-trans-retinoate + NADH + 2 H(+)

Catalysed by ALDH1A2, ALDH1A1, ALDH1B1, ALDH1A3 and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (R)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of acetoacetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (3S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA = acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, HMGCL, HMGCLL1extracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. 2-iminopropanoate + H2O = pyruvate + NH4(+)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. retinal dehydrogenase (13-cis-retinal)
2. retinol dehydrogenase (13-cis-retinal)

Catalysed by ALDH1A2, ALDH1A1, RDH5endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 3 routes

1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of acetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, ASAH1extracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of acetoacetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. acetoacetate + ATP + CoA = acetoacetyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, AACSextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

1. transport of butyrate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, ACSM4, ACSM1 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

1. transport of acetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + H2O = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + acetate

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, AMDHD2extracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate + pyruvate = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 18 routes

1. transport of acetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, HDAC10extracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of acetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, HDAC10extracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (3S)-citramalyl-CoA = pyruvate + acetyl-CoA

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of acetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. an N-acetyl-L-cysteine-S-conjugate + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + acetate

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, ACY3extracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (4R)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + pyruvate

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + pyruvate

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. retinoate reduction
2. retinol binding protein (retinal)

Catalysed by RBP1, RBP2cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. pyruvate:thiamin diphosphate acetaldehydetransferase (decarboxylating)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

1. transport of formate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
3. Carnitine Transport by Atb0

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC26A4, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

1. transport of acetoacetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. Acetoacetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
3. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase (acetoacetyl-CoA)