(S)-carnitine

What it touches on the way

What the reference databases state

• MAM00209m+biotin+CHEBI:1146900+MAM01600m+ferroheme c di-L-cysteine(2-) residue+FADH2+(S)-carnitine+NADH(2-)+NADPH(4-)+riboflavin+5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin+5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid+ubiquinol+0.1MAM03139c+0.1MAM03140c+0.1MAM03143c→MAM01602c

  Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminablemitochondrial matrix, cytosol

  Human-GEM MAR00022CC BY 4.0Reference data

• (2E)-hexadecenoyl-CoA+(S)-carnitine⇌CHEBI:1146900+MAM02117c

  Catalysed by CPT1A or CPT1C or CPT1B

  Reaction pageReversibleBalancedEC 2.3.1.21cytosol

  Human-GEM MAR00103CC BY 4.0Reference data

• CHEBI:1146900+MAM02117m⇌(2E)-hexadecenoyl-CoA+(S)-carnitine

  Catalysed by CPT2

  Reaction pageReversibleBalancedEC 2.3.1.21mitochondrial matrix

  Human-GEM MAR00104CC BY 4.0Reference data

• (S)-carnitine+oleoyl-CoA⇌CHEBI:1146900+MAM02639c

  Catalysed by CPT1A or CPT1C or CPT1B

  Reaction pageReversibleBalancedEC 2.3.1.21cytosol

  Human-GEM MAR00108CC BY 4.0Reference data

• CHEBI:1146900+MAM02639m⇌(S)-carnitine+oleoyl-CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2

  Reaction pageReversibleBalancedEC 2.3.1.21mitochondrial matrix

  Human-GEM MAR00109CC BY 4.0Reference data

• proton+(S)-carnitine→proton+(S)-carnitine

  Transported by SLC22A4

  Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedextracellular space, cytosol

  Human-GEM MAR00137CC BY 4.0Reference data

• (S)-carnitine+4,8-dimethylnonanoyl-CoA⇌O-4,8-dimethylnonanoyl-(R)-carnitine+CHEBI:1146900

  Catalysed by CROT or CRAT

  Reaction pageReversibleBalancedEC 2.3.1.7peroxisome

  Human-GEM MAR00139CC BY 4.0Reference data

• butanoyl-CoA+(S)-carnitine⇌butanoyl-CoA+(S)-carnitine

  Transported by OXSM or SLC33A1 or ESCO2

  Reaction pageReversibleBalancedmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

  Human-GEM MAR00158CC BY 4.0Reference data

• butanoyl-CoA+(S)-carnitine⇌CHEBI:1146900+MAM02635c

  Catalysed by CPT1A or CPT1C or CPT1B

  Reaction pageReversibleBalancedEC 2.3.1.21cytosol

  Human-GEM MAR00159CC BY 4.0Reference data

• (S)-carnitine+MAM02635m⇌(S)-carnitine+MAM02635c

  Transported by SLC25A20

  Reaction pageReversibleBalancedcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

  Human-GEM MAR00160CC BY 4.0Reference data

• CHEBI:1146900+MAM02635m⇌butanoyl-CoA+(S)-carnitine

  Catalysed by CRAT or CPT2

  Reaction pageReversibleBalancedEC 2.3.1.7mitochondrial matrix

  Human-GEM MAR00161CC BY 4.0Reference data

• (S)-carnitine+O-octanoyl-(R)-carnitine⇌(S)-carnitine+O-octanoyl-(R)-carnitine

  Transported by SLC25A20

  Reaction pageReversibleBalancedmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

  Human-GEM MAR00162CC BY 4.0Reference data

Show the remaining 386

Where it reaches

10 systems, 18 regions, 52 tissues, 52 transporter routes — routes, not measurements: transporters known to carry (S)-carnitine are expressed there, and no source reports it arriving.

Resolves to: (S)-carnitine

Also called

(+)-CarnitineCarnitine D-formD-(3-Carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium hydroxide, inner saltd-Carnitine

Systematic name

(3S)-3-hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate