a ganglioside GD3 (d18:1(4E))

Three steps

• 9-cis-retinyl tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. 9-cis-retinol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = 9-cis-retinyl tetradecanoate + CoA

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 morecytosol

• 13-cis-retinyl tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. 13-cis-retinol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = 13-cis-retinyl tetradecanoate + CoA

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 morecytosol

• all-trans-retinyl tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. all-trans-retinol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = all-trans-retinyl tetradecanoate + CoA

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 morecytosol

• tetradecyl tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. tetradecan-1-ol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = tetradecyl tetradecanoate + CoA

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 morecytosol

• 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (DHA)
  3. (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 morecytosol

• an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl derivativeReach from here →
  1. Sialidase, Plasma Membrane (Neu3)
  2. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  3. a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl derivative + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl derivative + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by NEU3, CMAS, ST3GAL1, ST3GAL4 and 1 moreextracellular space, nucleus

• an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->8)-N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl derivativeReach from here →
  1. Sialidase, Plasma Membrane (Neu3)
  2. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  3. an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl derivative + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->8)-N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl derivative + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by NEU3, CMAS, ST8SIA3, ST8SIA1extracellular space, nucleus

• a globoside MSGGReach from here →
  1. Sialidase, Plasma Membrane (Neu3)
  2. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  3. a globoside GalGb4Cer + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a globoside MSGG + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by NEU3, CMAS, ST3GAL2extracellular space, nucleus

• a globoside DSGGReach from here →
  1. Sialidase, Plasma Membrane (Neu3)
  2. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  3. a globoside MSGG + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a globoside DSGG + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by NEU3, CMAS, ST6GALNAC3, ST6GALNAC6extracellular space, nucleus

• a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->6)]-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl derivativeReach from here →
  1. Sialidase, Plasma Membrane (Neu3)
  2. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  3. a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl derivative + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->6)]-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl derivative + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by NEU3, CMAS, ST6GALNAC1, ST6GALNAC2extracellular space, nucleus

• N-hexadecanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• N-dodecanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lauric acid)
  3. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-decanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)
  3. decanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-decanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A and 4 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-octanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase
  3. octanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-octanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, CROT, GLYATL2cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamideReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamine + glycine + ATP = N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L-cystine-bis-glycineReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• a neolactoside VI(3)-alpha-NeuNAc-nLc6Cer(d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
  1. Sialidase, Plasma Membrane (Neu3)
  2. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  3. a neolactoside nLc6Cer(d18:1(4E)) + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a neolactoside VI(3)-alpha-NeuNAc-nLc6Cer(d18:1(4E)) + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by NEU3, CMAS, ST3GAL6extracellular space, nucleus

• an N-octadecanoyl-sphingoid baseReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearate)
  3. a sphingoid base + octadecanoyl-CoA = an N-octadecanoyl-sphingoid base + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 morecytosol

• glycyldehydrophenylalanineReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. glycyldehydrophenylalanine + H2O = 2,3-didehydrophenylalanine + glycine

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• an alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->6)]-D-GlcNAc derivativeReach from here →
  1. Sialidase, Plasma Membrane (Neu3)
  2. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  3. an alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-D-GlcNAc derivative + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = an alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->6)]-D-GlcNAc derivative + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by NEU3, CMAS, ST6GALNAC3, ST6GALNAC4extracellular space, nucleus

• an N-(fatty acyl)-glycineReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 1-(10Z-heptadecenoyl)-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)
  3. 1-(10Z-heptadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA = 1-(10Z-heptadecenoyl)-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 morecytosol

• N-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-glycineReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• cholesteryl (7Z)-octadecenoateReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase ((7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA)
  3. (7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + cholesterol = cholesteryl (7Z)-octadecenoate + CoA

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 1 morecytosol

• acetylcholineReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, CHATcytosol, nucleusOne of 3 routes

• acetylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. Sialidase, Plasma Membrane (Neu3)
  2. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  3. acetylpyruvate + H2O = acetate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by NEU3, NPL, FAHD1extracellular space, cytosol

• all-trans-retinoic acidReach from here →
  1. Sialidase, Plasma Membrane (Neu3)
  2. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  3. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by NEU3, NPL, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15467Reach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. Acetoacetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase (acetoacetyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, AACS, HMGCS1cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:15570Reach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• (S)-malateReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. ATP citrate lyase (citrate)
  3. transport of malate and OAA (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, ACLYcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 7 routes

• L-leucineReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of glycine and leucine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 21 routes

• CHEBI:15611Reach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine N-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->6)]-N-acetyl-D-galactosamineReach from here →
  1. Sialidase, Plasma Membrane (Neu3)
  2. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  3. N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->6)]-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by NEU3, CMAS, ST6GALNAC4extracellular space, nucleus

• CHEBI:15699Reach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of glycine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 17 routes

• betaine aldehydeReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. choline dehydrogenase (choline)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, CHAT, CHDHcytosol, nucleusOne of 3 routes

• trimethylenediamineReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. deoxyhypusine synthase (1,3-diaminopropane)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, SAT1, SAT2, DHPScytosolOne of 2 routes

• hexadecanoic acidReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. Utilized Transport

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bcytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 4 routes

• 1-acylglycerone 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. Acyl-CoA:glycerone-phosphate O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 2 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus

• CHEBI:15971Reach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of glycine and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 11 routes

• phosphatidylethanolamineReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 6 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus

• 11-cis-retinalReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  3. 11-cis-retinol:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1 and 9 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+)Reach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 5 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus

• hexadecan-1-olReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. formate dehydrogenase (palmitoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 7 morecytosol, peroxisome

• 11-cis-retinyl hexadecanoateReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 10 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoic acidReach from here →
  1. Sialidase, Plasma Membrane (Neu3)
  2. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  3. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by NEU3, NPL, AGXT2extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L-cystineReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Alanine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, SLC7A9, SLC3A1cytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 5 routes

• (R)-3-aminoisobutyric acidReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, AGXT2cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• phosphatidic acidReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 2-O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 10 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus, mitochondrial matrixOne of 7 routes

• L-citrullineReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of citrulline and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 8 routes

• L-valineReach from here →
  1. solute carrier (acetyl-CoA)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of glycine and valine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 20 routes