monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical

Three steps

• octanoateReach from here →
  1. N-octanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-octanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. octanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-octanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. Octanoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, ACOT7cytosolOne of 2 routes

• phenylacetylglycineReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. phenylacetyl-CoA:glycine N-phenylacetyltransferase

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, GLYATcytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:27540Reach from here →
  1. N-octanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-octanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. octanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-octanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C8->C6), Peroxisomal

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, ACAA1, HSD17B4 and 2 moreperoxisome

• decanoateReach from here →
  1. N-decanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-decanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. decanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-decanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. Decanoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, ACOT7cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:28666Reach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. LTD4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2cytosol

• O-decanoyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. N-decanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-decanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. decanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-decanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. decanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-decanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, CPT2, CRAT

• CHEBI:28918Reach from here →
  1. 12,13-epoxy-9-hydroperoxy... to 12,13-epoxylinoleic acid-radical conversion
  2. dopamine,ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating)
  3. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by DBH, PNMTcytosol

• a dicarboxylateReach from here →
  1. 12,13-epoxy-9-hydroperoxy... to 12,13-epoxylinoleic acid-radical conversion
  2. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  3. urate(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = urate(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC22A6cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• Fe(3+)Reach from here →
  1. 12,13-epoxy-9-hydroperoxy... to 12,13-epoxylinoleic acid-radical conversion
  2. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  3. Fe(II):oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, CP, FTH1, FXN and 2 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• Gly-tRNA(Gly)Reach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. glycine:tRNA(Gly) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, GARS1cytosol

• chlorine(.)Reach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, SLC6A9, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• glycocholateReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, BAATperoxisomeOne of 3 routes

• tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. N-tetradecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-tetradecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. tetradecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-tetradecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. Myristoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, ACOT7, BAAT and 3 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• glutarateReach from here →
  1. 12,13-epoxy-9-hydroperoxy... to 12,13-epoxylinoleic acid-radical conversion
  2. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  3. urate(in) + glutarate(out) = urate(out) + glutarate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC22A8cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• nicotinateReach from here →
  1. 12,13-epoxy-9-hydroperoxy... to 12,13-epoxylinoleic acid-radical conversion
  2. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  3. nicotinate(in) + urate(out) = nicotinate(out) + urate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC22A12, SLC22A13cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• methylarsonateReach from here →
  1. prostaglandin-F synthase (monodehydroascorbate)
  2. glutathione:dehydroascorbate oxidoreductase
  3. methylarsonate + 2 glutathione + H(+) = methylarsonous acid + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by GSTO1, GSTO2cytosol

• thiosulfateReach from here →
  1. prostaglandin-F synthase (monodehydroascorbate)
  2. glutathione:dehydroascorbate oxidoreductase
  3. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by TSTD1cytosol

• di-mu-sulfido-diiron(2+)Reach from here →
  1. 12,13-epoxy-9-hydroperoxy... to 12,13-epoxylinoleic acid-radical conversion
  2. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  3. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

• dodecanamideReach from here →
  1. a [peptide]-C-terminal glycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = a [peptide]-C-terminal (2S)-2-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  3. N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = dodecanamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by PAM

• fatty acidReach from here →
  1. N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. (9Z)-octadecenoate + glycine = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycine + H2O
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by PAM, FAAH, PM20D1cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 5-aminolevulinateReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. succinyl-CoA + glycine + H(+) = 5-aminolevulinate + CO2 + CoA

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, ALAS1, ALAS2

• glycochenodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA + glycine = glycochenodeoxycholate + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, BAAT

• glycochenodeoxycholic acidReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, BAATperoxisomeOne of 3 routes

• glyoxylateReach from here →
  1. a [peptide]-C-terminal glycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = a [peptide]-C-terminal (2S)-2-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  3. N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = dodecanamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by PAMOne of 17 routes

• glycolithocholic acidReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (glycine)

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, BAATcytosolOne of 2 routes

• decanamideReach from here →
  1. a [peptide]-C-terminal glycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = a [peptide]-C-terminal (2S)-2-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. N-decanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-decanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  3. N-decanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = decanamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by PAM

• L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoic acidReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. Acetyl-CoA:glycine C-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, GCATmitochondrial matrix

• (S)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. 12,13-epoxy-9-hydroperoxy... to 12,13-epoxylinoleic acid-radical conversion
  2. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  3. transport of L-lactate and urate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC22A12cytosol, extracellular space

• L-ornithineReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, GATMcytosolOne of 5 routes

• S(8)-aminomethyldihydrolipoamideReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase ([protein]-N6-(lipoyl)lysine)

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, GLDC, GCSHmitochondrial matrix

• 1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerolReach from here →
  1. N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. (9Z)-octadecenoate + glycine = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycine + H2O
  3. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+) = 1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + H2O

  Catalysed by PAM, FAAH, PM20D1, DGAT1 and 4 more

• (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. trans-dodec-2-enoyl-CoA reductase

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, MECRmitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• 3-oxohexadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-tetradecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-tetradecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. tetradecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-tetradecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. tetradecanoyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA + H(+) = 3-oxohexadecanoyl-CoA + CO2 + CoA

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, ELOVL6, ELOVL3

• (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. (9Z)-octadecenoate + glycine = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycine + H2O
  3. (9Z)-octadecenoate + ATP + CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by PAM, FAAH, PM20D1, SLC27A2 and 7 more

• sarcosineReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, PIPOXOne of 2 routes

• (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolateReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, SHMT1, SHMT2

• an N-acylglycineReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. an acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-acylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, GLYATL3, GLYAT

• guanidinoacetateReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, GATMcytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-methionineReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. transport of glycine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• L-tryptophanReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. transport of glycine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• glutathioneReach from here →
  1. 12,13-epoxy-9-hydroperoxy... to 12,13-epoxylinoleic acid-radical conversion
  2. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  3. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)

  Catalysed by SLC22A13cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 6 routes

• L-alanineReach from here →
  1. 12,13-epoxy-9-hydroperoxy... to 12,13-epoxylinoleic acid-radical conversion
  2. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  3. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space, mitochondrial matrixOne of 7 routes

• leukotriene C4Reach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. leukotriene C4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2cytosol

• L-asparagineReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, AADAT

• N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2, AGXT2

• an acyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycineReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2One of 2 routes

• heme bReach from here →
  1. 12,13-epoxy-9-hydroperoxy... to 12,13-epoxylinoleic acid-radical conversion
  2. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  3. Ferrochelatase, Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, FECHcytosol, extracellular space, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes