L-threonine

Three steps

• 3-iodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 3-iodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, DIO1, DIO3inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (7Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((7Z)-tetradecenoic acid)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• 3'-iodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 3'-iodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3',5'-diiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, DIO1, DIO2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3-iodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, DIO3inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• thyronamineReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. thyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3-iodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, DIO3inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 3'-iodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 3'-iodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3',5'-diiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, DIO1, DIO2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 3,3'-diiodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 3,3'-diiodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, DIO1, DIO2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 3',5'-diiodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 3',5'-diiodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, DIO3inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5,5'-tetraiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, DIO3inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:4->C16:4), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SHMT1, BAAT, HADHA, ACADVL and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (7Z,10Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation Trans (C18:2->C16:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SHMT1, BAAT, HADHA, ACADVL and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• (4Z,7Z)-decadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C12:3->C10:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SHMT1, BAAT, ECHS1, ACAA2 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (5Z)-octenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C10:2->C8:1), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SHMT1, BAAT, ECHS1, ACAA2 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 3-(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxynonanalReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (E)-4-hydroxynon-2-enal + glutathione = 3-(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxynonanal

  Catalysed by SHMT1, GSS, GSTP1

• glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. glycine to glycoursodeoxycholate conversion
  3. glycoursodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, SULT2A1cytosol

• glycochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA + glycine = glycochenodeoxycholate + CoA + H(+)
  3. glycochenodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, BAAT, SULT2A1

• deoxycholateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase
  3. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by SHMT1cytosol

• hypochlorous acidReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Peroxidase

  Catalysed by SHMT1, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, LPOextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• potassium atomReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, SLC12A2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:27540Reach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (hexanoic acid)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, BAAT, ACSM4, ACSM1 and 4 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• elaidic acidReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (elaidate)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• 5-hydroxytryptophanReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. transport of glycine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tryptophan, Tetrahydrobiopterin:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (5-Hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, SLC7A5, TPH1, TPH2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5(S)-HETEReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. Glutathione: 5-HPETE oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SHMT1, GSS, GPX5, GPX1 and 7 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = 2-oxobutanoate + NH4(+)
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + 2-oxobutanoate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + (2S)-2-aminobutanoate
  3. 2-oxopentanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-2-aminopentanoate

  Catalysed by SDS, SDSL, AGXT2

• CHEBI:28701Reach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Propanoyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SHMT1, BAAT, ACAA1, SCP2 and 1 moreperoxisomeOne of 7 routes

• 17alpha-hydroxypregnenoloneReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. Acetaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  3. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, ALDH3A1, ALDH3B1, ALDH1A3 and 2 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• 3-disulfanyl-L-alanineReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Alanine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter
  3. L-cystine thiocysteine-lyase (deaminating

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, SLC7A9, SLC3A1, CTHinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol

• N-acetyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• a dicarboxylateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. Hippurate (Benzoylglycinate) Formation
  3. N-benzoylglycine(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = N-benzoylglycine(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, SLC22A6, SLC22A8mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:29052Reach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase
  3. deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase

  Catalysed by SHMT1, DERAcytosol

• L-ascorbic acidReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. L-dehydroascorbate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + L-ascorbate

  Catalysed by SHMT1, GSS, CLIC1, GSTO1 and 1 more

• K(+)Reach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• Cys-tRNA(Cys)Reach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Cysteine:tRNA(Cys) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• Phe-tRNA(Phe)Reach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Phenylalanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, SLC7A5, FARSB, FARSAextracellular space, cytosol

• Asp-tRNA(Asp)Reach from here →
  1. L-threonine(in) + L-glutamine(out) + Na(+)(out) = L-threonine(out) + L-glutamine(in) + Na(+)(in)
  2. L-aspartate(in) + L-glutamine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-glutamine(in)
  3. L-Aspartate:tRNA(Asp) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC1A5, SLC7A13, DARS1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• Trp-tRNA(Trp)Reach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. transport of glycine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tryptophan -tRNA(Trp) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, SLC7A5, WARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• Ile-tRNA(Ile)Reach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. transport of glycine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Isoleucine:tRNA(Ile) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, SLC7A5, IARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• isocyanateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. transport of citrulline and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-citrulline + H(+) = isocyanate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by SHMT1, SLC7A9, SLC3A1, SLC7A6 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• Asn-tRNA(Asn)Reach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Asparagine:tRNA(Asn) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, NARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• hydrogenselenideReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, SCLYinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• cholateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. solute carrier organic anion transporter (cholate)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• glycolateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. glycine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  3. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SHMT1, DAO, GRHPRperoxisome, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• hydrogen sulfideReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating

  Catalysed by SHMT1, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:30249Reach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. transport of glycine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tryptophan:oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, SLC7A5, IDO1, TDO2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• oxalateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. glyoxylate + O2 + H2O = oxalate + H2O2 + H(+)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, AADAT, HAO1

• formic acidReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. Acetaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  3. transport of acetate and formate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, ALDH3A1, ALDH3B1, ALDH1A3 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 8 routes

• anthranilic acidReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)
  3. L-Kynurenine hydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, KYNUinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• propionic acidReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. Acetaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  3. transport of acetate and propanoate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, ALDH3A1, ALDH3B1, ALDH1A3 and 5 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 9 routes

• butyric acidReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. Acetaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  3. transport of acetate and butyrate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, ALDH3A1, ALDH3B1, ALDH1A3 and 5 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 6 routes

• malonic acidReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Malonate Transport, Antiport with Chloride

  Catalysed by SHMT1, SLC6A9, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes