butanoyl-CoA

Three steps

• 2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)
  3. L-cystathionine cysteine-lyase (deaminating

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, NAGS and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• 2-oxoglutaramateReach from here →
  1. Butyryl-CoA hydrolase
  2. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Glutamine:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by ACOT12, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 3-fumarylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. Butyryl-CoA hydrolase
  2. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 3-fumarylpyruvate + H2O = fumarate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACOT12, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• CHEBI:16856Reach from here →
  1. transport of butyryl-CoA and L-carnitine (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, ESCO2, OXSMmitochondrial matrix, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum, extracellular spaceOne of 6 routes

• CHEBI:16857Reach from here →
  1. transport of butyryl-CoA and L-carnitine (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. Transport of L-Threonine by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, ESCO2, OXSM, SLC6A14mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 20 routes

• pantetheine 4'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal (CoA)
  3. Dephospho-CoA nucleotidohydrolase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ACP2 and 2 morecytosol, lysosomeOne of 2 routes

• psychosineReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ASAH1 and 3 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus

• glyoxylic acidReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. glycine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, GLYAT and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, peroxisome

• ferrocytochrome cReach from here →
  1. Butyryl-CoA hydrolase
  2. transport of butyrate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (S)-Lactate:ferricytochrome-c 2-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ACOT12, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

• 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ASAH1 and 7 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus, mitochondrial matrix

• oxalic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of butyryl-CoA and L-carnitine (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. transport of chloride and oxalate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, ESCO2, OXSM, SLC6A14 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular space

• a cholesterol esterReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. an acyl-CoA + cholesterol = a cholesterol ester + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ASAH1 and 5 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus

• taurolithocholateReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)
  3. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (lithocholate)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, BAATcytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-hydroxypyruvateReach from here →
  1. Butyryl-CoA hydrolase
  2. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-serine + pyruvate = 3-hydroxypyruvate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by ACOT12, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• L-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. transport of butyryl-CoA and L-carnitine (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. transport of chloride and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, ESCO2, OXSM, SLC6A14mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 20 routes

• CHEBI:17203Reach from here →
  1. transport of butyryl-CoA and L-carnitine (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. Transport of L-Proline by the Apical Imino Amino Acid Transporters

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, ESCO2, OXSM, SLC6A14 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 17 routes

• S-(4,8-dimethylnonanoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. Carnitine Dimethyl Nonanoyl Transferase, Revsible, Peroxisomal
  3. 4,8-dimethylnonanoyl-CoA + H2O = S-(4,8-dimethylnonanoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, CRAT and 2 morecytosol, peroxisome

• S-(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (linolenate)
  3. (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoA + H2O = S-(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 8 morecytosol

• S-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + H2O = S-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 8 morecytosol

• S-(9Z-hexadecenoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (palmitolate)
  3. (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + H2O = S-(9Z-hexadecenoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 8 morecytosol

• itaconateReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. Itaconate:CoA ligase (GDP-forming)
  3. Itaconate:CoA ligase (GDP-forming)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SUCLG1 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• N-octadecanoyl-heptadecasphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearate)
  3. heptadecasphing-4-enine + octadecanoyl-CoA = N-octadecanoyl-heptadecasphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosol

• 17alpha-hydroxyprogesteroneReach from here →
  1. Butyryl-CoA hydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and butyrate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone)

  Catalysed by ACOT12, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space, endoplasmic reticulum

• estroneReach from here →
  1. butanoyl-CoA + H2O = butanoate + CoA + H(+)
  2. butanoate(out) + estrone 3-sulfate(in) = butanoate(in) + estrone 3-sulfate(out)
  3. Estrone 3-sulfate sulfohydrolase

  Catalysed by ACOT8, ACAA2, ACOT11, ACOT12 and 4 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• propanoateReach from here →
  1. butanoyl-CoA + H2O = butanoate + CoA + H(+)
  2. butanoate(out) + estrone 3-sulfate(in) = butanoate(in) + estrone 3-sulfate(out)
  3. propanoate(in) + estrone 3-sulfate(out) = propanoate(out) + estrone 3-sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by ACOT8, ACAA2, ACOT11, ACOT12 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• aceneuramateReach from here →
  1. Butyryl-CoA hydrolase
  2. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. aceneuramate = aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by ACOT12, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 5'-deoxyadenosineReach from here →
  1. Butyryl-CoA hydrolase
  2. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O

  Catalysed by ACOT12, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 5 morecytosol, extracellular space

• all-trans-retinolReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  3. all-trans-Retinol 11-cis-trans-isomerase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, DGAT1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 1-(alk-1-enyl)-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. Acyl-CoA:1-alkenylglycerophosphoethanolamine O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ASAH1 and 7 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus

• AH2Reach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)
  3. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, BAAT and 1 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• 1-O-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+)Reach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  3. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase (11-Cis)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, DGAT1 and 4 morecytosol

• S-methyl-5'-thioadenosineReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. S-adenosylmethioninamine:spermidine 3-aminopropyltransferase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SAT1 and 3 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5-aminolevulinic acidReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. succinyl-CoA:glycine C-succinyltransferase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, GLYAT and 5 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• hexadecanalReach from here →
  1. transport of butyryl-CoA and L-carnitine (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. 2 H+[c] + NADH[c] + palmitate[c] = H2O[c] + hexadecanal[c] + NAD+[c]

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, ESCO2, OXSM, ALDH3B1 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoateReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  3. all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoate + H2O = 11-cis-retinol + hexadecanoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, DGAT1 and 5 morecytosol

• Ala-tRNA(Ala)Reach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. L-Alanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, AARS1cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• glycine betaineReach from here →
  1. transport of butyryl-CoA and L-carnitine (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. transport of betaine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, ESCO2, OXSM, SLC6A14 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• 4-methylumbelliferyl acetateReach from here →
  1. Butyryl-CoA hydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and butyrate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 4-methylumbelliferyl acetate + H2O = 4-methylumbelliferone + acetate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACOT12, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• CHEBI:17769Reach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. spermidine:(acceptor) oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SAT1 and 1 morecytosol

• urateReach from here →
  1. Butyryl-CoA hydrolase
  2. transport of butyrate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of L-lactate and urate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ACOT12, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. a 2-acylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ASAH1 and 6 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus

• a triacylglycerolReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ASAH1 and 8 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus

• CHEBI:17895Reach from here →
  1. transport of butyryl-CoA and L-carnitine (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. Transport of L-Tyrosine by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, ESCO2, OXSM, SLC6A14mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 21 routes

• all-trans-retinalReach from here →
  1. Butyryl-CoA hydrolase
  2. transport of butyrate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. retinoate reduction

  Catalysed by ACOT12, SLC16A4, SLC16A5cytosol, extracellular space

• CHEBI:18019Reach from here →
  1. transport of butyryl-CoA and L-carnitine (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. transport of chloride and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, ESCO2, OXSM, SLC6A14mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 11 routes

• 4-fumarylacetoacetateReach from here →
  1. Butyryl-CoA hydrolase
  2. transport of acetoacetate and butyrate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 4-fumarylacetoacetate + H2O = acetoacetate + fumarate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACOT12, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• L-glutamineReach from here →
  1. transport of butyryl-CoA and L-carnitine (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, ESCO2, OXSM, SLC6A14mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 30 routes

• dTDPReach from here →
  1. Butyryl-CoA hydrolase
  2. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by ACOT12, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 5 morecytosol, extracellular space

• spermine monoaldehydeReach from here →
  1. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (butyryl-CoA)
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermine)
  3. primary-amine oxidase (spermine)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SAT1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:18095Reach from here →
  1. transport of butyryl-CoA and L-carnitine (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. transport of trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC33A1, ESCO2, OXSM, SLC6A14 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes