CHEBI:28862

Three steps

• CHEBI:16856Reach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. cystine to cysteine conversion

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• glyoxylic acidReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. glycine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, peroxisome

• D-erythrose 4-phosphateReach from here →
  1. dADP to dATP conversion
  2. dATP:D-fructose 6-phosphotransferase
  3. D-Fructose 6-phosphate:D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glycolaldehyde transferase

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• ferrocytochrome cReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. sulfotransferase (thioredoxin)
  3. sulfite:ferricytochrome-c oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• N-acetyl-L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• glycolaldehydeReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. hydroxypyruvate carboxy-lyase (glycolaldehyde-forming)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, AGXTcytosolOne of 2 routes

• aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-mannosamineReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  3. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, NPLcytosolOne of 2 routes

• 17alpha-hydroxyprogesteroneReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space, endoplasmic reticulum

• CHEBI:17380Reach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. Transport of 3-Hydroxy-L-Kynurenine

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-proline:(acceptor) oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• agmatineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. mitothioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-arginine carboxy-lyase (agmatine-forming)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• enol-oxaloacetateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH
  3. (S)-malate + a quinone = enol-oxaloacetate + a quinol

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, ME2, SDHB and 1 morecytosol

• AH2Reach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• 5-aminolevulinic acidReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. succinyl-CoA:glycine C-succinyltransferase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• inosineReach from here →
  1. ATP:dGMP phosphotransferase
  2. 2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate phosphohydrolase
  3. dGMP + inosine = 2'-deoxyguanosine + IMP

  Catalysed by GUK1, ACP3, NT5E, NT5C2 and 6 morecytosolOne of 8 routes

• indole-3-pyruvateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-tryptophan + O2 + H2O = indole-3-pyruvate + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• Ala-tRNA(Ala)Reach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-Alanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• thymidineReach from here →
  1. dADP to dATP conversion
  2. nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (dADP)
  3. dTTP + H2O = thymidine + triphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by NME4, NME6, NME1, NME2 and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 4-methylumbelliferyl acetateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 4-methylumbelliferyl acetate + H2O = 4-methylumbelliferone + acetate + H(+)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 6 morecytosol, extracellular space

• trans-urocanateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-histidine ammonia-lyase (urocanate-forming)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• urateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. (S)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  3. transport of L-lactate and urate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, LDHB, LDHAL6B and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophanReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tryptophan + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-Leucine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• all-trans-retinalReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. retinoate reduction

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• CHEBI:17927Reach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. mitothioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. Transport by Y+Lat-2 into Extracellular Space

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular space

• 3-phenylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. Phenylalanine Transaminase, Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• fumaric acidReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. sulfotransferase (thioredoxin)
  3. transport of fumarate and sulfite (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• thiocyanateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)
  3. 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (hydrogen-cyanide)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, MPST, TSTcytosol

• 4-fumarylacetoacetateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. transport of acetoacetate and pyruvate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. 4-fumarylacetoacetate + H2O = acetoacetate + fumarate + H(+)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, FAHcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• triphosphateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. 2'-deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate:oxydized-thioredoxin 2'-oxidoreductase
  3. dCTP + H2O = 2'-deoxycytidine + triphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:18095Reach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. Transport of Hydroxy-Proline

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamideReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. 5-Phospho-D-ribosylamine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 2-phenylethylamineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-phenylalanine carboxy-lyase (phenylethylamine-forming)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• hydrogen cyanideReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. sulfotransferase (thioredoxin)
  3. thiosulfate:cyanide sulfurtranserase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. 5'-Phosphoribosylformylglycinamide:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• ophthalmateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. gamma-L-glutamyl-(2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glycine + ATP = ophthalmate + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• S-methylmercury-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. S-methylmercury-L-cysteine(in) + L-leucine(out) = S-methylmercury-L-cysteine(out) + L-leucine(in)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 6 routes

• 2-(alpha-Hydroxypropyl)thiamine diphosphateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate
  3. branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 (2-oxobutyrate)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, AGXT2, BCKDHA and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 2-aminoisobutanoateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. 2-aminoisobutanoate(out) + L-alanine(in) = 2-aminoisobutanoate(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• D-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. D-serine = pyruvate + NH4(+)
  3. D-isoleucine(out) + D-serine(in) = D-isoleucine(in) + D-serine(out)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, SRR, SLC7A10cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• S-disulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-cysteine = S-disulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (S)-lactoyl-AMPReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. (S)-lactate + ATP + H(+) = (S)-lactoyl-AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, LDHA, LDHB and 5 morecytosol

• (S)-lactoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. (S)-lactate + ATP + CoA = (S)-lactoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, LDHA, LDHB and 4 morecytosol

• N-acetylneuraminate 9-phosphateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  3. N-acetylneuraminate synthase

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, NANScytosol

• CHEBI:240943Reach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• a quinolReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH
  3. (S)-malate + a quinone = enol-oxaloacetate + a quinol

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, ME2, SDHB and 1 morecytosol

• potassium atomReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular space

• phenylacetylglycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. phenylacetyl-CoA:glycine N-phenylacetyltransferase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes