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Reach

N-acetyl-L-aspartate

362,296 routes · scope human · up to 3 steps · built 5 October 2026 · Reactions · API

Inferred

Every route here is a hypothesis drawn from reference reactions (Rhea and Human-GEM), not a finding. Currency species such as water, ATP and NAD(H) never form a step. Evidence key

381 compounds within 3 steps: 4 in 1, 48 in 2, 329 in 3

Does it reach a compound?

Two steps

an N-acetyl-L-cysteine-S-conjugateReach from here →
1. N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
2. an N-acetyl-L-cysteine-S-conjugate + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + acetate
Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3cytosol
3-sulfino-L-alanineReach from here →
1. N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
2. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)
Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC25A12, SLC25A13cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

Three steps

beta-carbolineReach from here →
Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC7A13cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane
(S)-3-hydroxybutanoateReach from here →
Catalysed by and 4 more

Page 2 of 8

ASPA

, ACY3

, SLC16A4

, SLC16A5

cytosol, extracellular space

(S)-carnitineReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, NAT8L, CPT1A and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 244 routes

N(omega)-methyl-L-arginineReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, AGXT2cytosol

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoateReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
L-valine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-valine(in) + L-aspartate(out)
L-Valine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC7A13, BCAT2cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

pregnenolone sulfateReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
Steryl-Sulfatase

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC25A14, SLC25A30 and 1 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

androsterone 3alpha-sulfateReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
steroid sulfatase (androsterone sulfate)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC25A14, SLC25A30 and 1 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

prostaglandin E3Reach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
transport of acetate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)
Transport of Prostaglandin E3, Lactate Antiport

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

prostaglandin A2Reach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
transport of acetate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)
Transport of Prostaglandin A2, Lactate Antiport

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

prostaglandin J2Reach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
transport of acetate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)
Transport of Prostaglandin J2, Lactate Antiport

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

15-oxoprostaglandin F2alphaReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
transport of acetate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)
Transport of 15-Keto-Prostaglandin F2A, Lactate Antiport

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-phenylalanineReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
L-aspartate(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)
L-phenylalanine + (9Z)-octadecenoate = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC7A13, PM20D1cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-L-phenylalanineReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
L-aspartate(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + L-phenylalanine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC7A13, PM20D1cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-leucineReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
L-leucine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-leucine(in) + L-aspartate(out)
N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-leucine + H2O = L-leucine + (9Z)-octadecenoate

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC7A13, PM20D1cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

all-trans-4-hydroxyretinoateReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
transport of acetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
cytochrome P450 (retinoate)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

cholesterol sulfateReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
Steryl-Sulfatase

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC25A14, SLC25A30 and 1 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

5alpha-dihydrotestosterone sulfateReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
steroid sulfatase (5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC25A14, SLC25A30 and 1 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

all-trans-retinoyl-1-O-(beta-D-glucuronate)Reach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
transport of acetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
glucuronosyltransferase (retinoate)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space, endoplasmic reticulum

all-trans-18-hydroxyretinoateReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
transport of acetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
unspecific monooxygenase (retinoate)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 26 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

an aryl sulfateReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
an aryl sulfate + H2O = a phenol + sulfate + H(+)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC25A14, SLC25A30 and 6 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

3-sulfinopyruvateReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)
3-sulfino-L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC25A12, SLC25A13 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
1-octadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + 1-octadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, ASAH1, PLA2G15cytosol

L-cystine-bis-glycineReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
L-cystine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-cystine(in) + L-aspartate(out)
L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC7A13, DPEP1 and 1 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

2-nonadioyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
1-hexadecanoyl-2-nonadioyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 2-nonadioyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, ASAH1, PLA2G15cytosol

2-formamido-N(1)-(5-O-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)acetamidineReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
L-aspartate(in) + L-glutamine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-glutamine(in)
N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + L-glutamine + ATP + H2O = 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-O-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + L-glutamate + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC7A13, PFAScytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

kinetensinReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
L-leucine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-leucine(in) + L-aspartate(out)
Chymase

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC7A13, CMA1cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

(7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase ((7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, NAT8L, CPT1A and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

acetaldehydeReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone)
cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, CYP17A1cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

CHEBI:15345Reach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
transport of acetate and acetoacetate (cytosol to extracellular)
Acetoacetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 5 routes

acetoneReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
transport of acetate and acetoacetate (cytosol to extracellular)
Acetoacetate carboxy-lyase (acetone-forming)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

cholineReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, NAT8L, CHATcytosol, mitochondrial matrix, nucleus

4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterinReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
L-aspartate(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)
L-phenylalanine,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase(4-hydroxylating)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC7A13, PAHcytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

CHEBI:15380Reach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
5-aminolevulinate synthase (2-amino-3-oxoadipate)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, NAT8L, ALAS1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

CHEBI:15477Reach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, NAT8L, GLYAT and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

2-methylcrotonoyl-CoAReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
Production of Tiglylcarnitine

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, NAT8L, CPT1A and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

isobutyryl-CoAReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxo-4-methyl-pentanoyl-CoA)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, NAT8L, HADHA and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

3-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoAReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
glycine-N-acyltransferase (3-methylcrotonoylglycine)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, NAT8L, GLYATcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

isovaleryl-CoAReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
glycine N-acyltransferase (isovalerylglycine)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, NAT8L, GLYAT and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

arachidonoyl-CoAReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
Arachidonate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, NAT8L, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 11 routes

CHEBI:15519Reach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, NAT8L, ACAA1 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

palmitoyl-CoAReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, NAT8L, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 11 routes

oleoyl-CoAReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
Transport of octadecenoyl-CoA into Mitochondrial Matrix

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, NAT8L, CPT1A and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 11 routes

phenylacetyl-CoAReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
Phenylacetate:CoA ligase

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, NAT8Lcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

propionyl-CoAReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
transport of acetate and propanoate (cytosol to extracellular)
Propanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 5 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 46 routes

CHEBI:15570Reach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
L-aspartate(in) + L-glutamine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-glutamine(in)
transport of D-alanine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC7A13, SLC3A2 and 1 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

(S)-malateReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
(S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 11 routes

10-formyltetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
transport of acetate and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
Formate:tetrahydrofolate ligase (ADP-forming)

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

(4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterinReach from here →

N-Acetyl-L-aspartate amidohydrolase
L-aspartate(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)
(6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine

Catalysed by ASPA, ACY3, SLC7A13, PAHcytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes