formate

Three steps

• 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2-S-(R)-glutathioneReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 + glutathione = 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2-S-(R)-glutathione

  Catalysed by ESD, MGST3

• (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + 2 glutathione = (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by ESD, GPX1, GPX4

• (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. (12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + 2 glutathione = (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by ESD, GPX1, GPX4

• (15S)-hydroxy-(11Z,13E)-eicosadienoateReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. (15S)-hydroperoxy-(11Z,13E)-eicosadienoate + 2 glutathione = (15S)-hydroxy-(11Z,13E)-eicosadienoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by ESD, GPX1, GPX4

• (17S)-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoateReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. (17S)-hydroperoxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + 2 glutathione = (17S)-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by ESD, GPX1, GPX4

• a hydroxy-1,2-diacyl-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. a hydroperoxy-1,2-diacyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 2 glutathione = a hydroxy-1,2-diacyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by ESD, GPX4

• 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. formaldehyde + NAD(+) + H2O = formate + NADH + 2 H(+)
  2. formaldehyde to 5,10-methylene-THF conversion
  3. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase

  Catalysed by ALDH9A1, SHMT1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxynonanalReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. (E)-4-hydroxynon-2-enal + glutathione = 3-(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxynonanal

  Catalysed by ESD, GSTP1

• a quinolReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. a quinone + hydrogen sulfide + glutathione + H(+) = S-sulfanylglutathione + a quinol

  Catalysed by ESD, SQOR

• folic acidReach from here →
  1. oxalate(in) + formate(out) = oxalate(out) + formate(in)
  2. oxalate(in) + sulfate(out) = oxalate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. Folate Transport by Oats

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC25A14, SLC26A2, SLC25A30 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5-hydroxytryptophanReach from here →
  1. N-formyl-L-kynurenine + H2O = L-kynurenine + formate + H(+)
  2. L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine
  3. L-Tryptophan, Tetrahydrobiopterin:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (5-Hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by AFMID, IDO1, TDO2, IDO2 and 2 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5(S)-HETEReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  3. Glutathione: 5-HPETE oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ESD, GPX5, GPX1, GPX2 and 6 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:28666Reach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of GSH and LTD4 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO2A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• a dicarboxylateReach from here →
  1. oxalate(in) + formate(out) = oxalate(out) + formate(in)
  2. oxalate(in) + sulfate(out) = oxalate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. a dicarboxylate(in) + sulfate(out) = a dicarboxylate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC25A14, SLC26A2, SLC25A30 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-ascorbic acidReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. L-dehydroascorbate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + L-ascorbate

  Catalysed by ESD, CLIC1, GSTO1, GSTO2

• Trp-tRNA(Trp)Reach from here →
  1. N-formyl-L-kynurenine + H2O = L-kynurenine + formate + H(+)
  2. L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine
  3. L-Tryptophan -tRNA(Trp) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AFMID, IDO1, TDO2, IDO2 and 1 morecytosol

• chlorine(.)Reach from here →
  1. N-formyl-L-kynurenine + H2O = L-kynurenine + formate + H(+)
  2. L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine
  3. Transport of L-Tryptophan by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by AFMID, IDO1, TDO2, IDO2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• glycocholateReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  3. solute carrier organic anion transporter (glycocholate)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• cholateReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  3. solute carrier organic anion transporter (cholate)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• hydrogen sulfideReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by ESD, TSTD1One of 2 routes

• D-aspartateReach from here →
  1. oxalate(in) + formate(out) = oxalate(out) + formate(in)
  2. oxalate(in) + sulfate(out) = oxalate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. D-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = D-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC25A14, SLC26A2, SLC25A30 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. N-formyl-L-kynurenine + H2O = L-kynurenine + formate + H(+)
  2. L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine
  3. L-tryptophan(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-tryptophan(in) + L-aspartate(out)

  Catalysed by AFMID, IDO1, TDO2, IDO2 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• acetateReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 3-(methylsulfanyl)propanoate + CO + formate + 2 H(+)
  2. acireductone dioxygenase
  3. transport of acetate and formate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ADI1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:30249Reach from here →
  1. N-formyl-L-kynurenine + H2O = L-kynurenine + formate + H(+)
  2. L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine
  3. L-tryptophan:oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing)

  Catalysed by AFMID, IDO1, TDO2, IDO2cytosol

• anthranilic acidReach from here →
  1. N-formyl-L-kynurenine + H2O = L-kynurenine + formate + H(+)
  2. N-formyl-L-kynurenine + H2O = L-kynurenine + formate + H(+)
  3. L-Kynurenine hydrolase

  Catalysed by AFMID, KYNUcytosol

• propionic acidReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 3-(methylsulfanyl)propanoate + CO + formate + 2 H(+)
  2. acireductone dioxygenase
  3. transport of formate and propanoate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ADI1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• butyric acidReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 3-(methylsulfanyl)propanoate + CO + formate + 2 H(+)
  2. acireductone dioxygenase
  3. transport of butyrate and formate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ADI1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• maleateReach from here →
  1. oxalate(in) + formate(out) = oxalate(out) + formate(in)
  2. oxalate(in) + sulfate(out) = oxalate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. maleate(in) + sulfate(out) = maleate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC25A14, SLC26A2, SLC25A30 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• malonic acidReach from here →
  1. oxalate(in) + formate(out) = oxalate(out) + formate(in)
  2. oxalate(in) + sulfate(out) = oxalate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. transport of malonate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC25A14, SLC26A2, SLC25A30 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• an alcoholReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. a hydroperoxide + 2 glutathione = an alcohol + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by ESD, CP, PRDX6

• (2R,3R)-tartrateReach from here →
  1. oxalate(in) + formate(out) = oxalate(out) + formate(in)
  2. oxalate(in) + sulfate(out) = oxalate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. (2R,3R)-tartrate(in) + sulfate(out) = (2R,3R)-tartrate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC25A14, SLC26A2, SLC25A30 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (S,S)-tartrateReach from here →
  1. oxalate(in) + formate(out) = oxalate(out) + formate(in)
  2. oxalate(in) + sulfate(out) = oxalate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. (S,S)-tartrate(in) + sulfate(out) = (S,S)-tartrate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC25A14, SLC26A2, SLC25A30 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (3R)-citramalateReach from here →
  1. oxalate(in) + formate(out) = oxalate(out) + formate(in)
  2. oxalate(in) + sulfate(out) = oxalate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. (3R)-citramalate(in) + sulfate(out) = (3R)-citramalate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC25A14, SLC26A2, SLC25A30 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (3S)-citramalateReach from here →
  1. oxalate(in) + formate(out) = oxalate(out) + formate(in)
  2. oxalate(in) + sulfate(out) = oxalate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. (3S)-citramalate(in) + sulfate(out) = (3S)-citramalate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC25A14, SLC26A2, SLC25A30 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ESDcytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• thiosulfateReach from here →
  1. oxalate(in) + formate(out) = oxalate(out) + formate(in)
  2. oxalate(in) + sulfate(out) = oxalate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. thiosulfate(in) + sulfate(out) = thiosulfate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC25A14, SLC26A2, SLC25A30 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• serotoninReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• glycochenodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. glycochenodeoxycholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = glycochenodeoxycholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ESD, ABCC4inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• taurocholateReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  3. solute carrier organic anion transporter (GSH)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• glyoxylateReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 3-(methylsulfanyl)propanoate + CO + formate + 2 H(+)
  2. 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + formate + 2 H(+)
  3. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by ADI1, AADAT

• glycolithocholic acidReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of glycolithocholate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• (S)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 3-(methylsulfanyl)propanoate + CO + formate + 2 H(+)
  2. acireductone dioxygenase
  3. transport of formate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ADI1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• tert-butanolReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. tert-butyl hydroperoxide + 2 glutathione = tert-butanol + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by ESD, CLIC2, GPX1, GPX2 and 2 more

• L-ornithineReach from here →
  1. N-formyl-L-kynurenine + H2O = L-kynurenine + formate + H(+)
  2. L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine
  3. transport of ornithine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AFMID, IDO1, TDO2, IDO2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• gamma-Glu-AlaReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  3. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)

  Catalysed by ESD, GGT1, GGT5, GGTLC2 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• glycineReach from here →
  1. N-formyl-L-kynurenine + H2O = L-kynurenine + formate + H(+)
  2. N-formyl-L-kynurenine + H2O = L-kynurenine + formate + H(+)
  3. L-kynurenine + glyoxylate = kynurenate + glycine + H2O

  Catalysed by AFMID, KYAT3, AADATOne of 9 routes

• prostaglandin E1Reach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of GSH and prostaglandin E1 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO2A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin I2Reach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of GSH and prostaglandin I2 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO2A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin F2alphaReach from here →
  1. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)
  2. S-Formylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of GSH and prostaglandin F2alpha (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ESD, SLCO2A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes