taurine

Two steps

• sulfateReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, SLC26A6extracellular space, cytosol

• ureaReach from here →
  1. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine
  2. taurocyamine + H2O = urea + taurine

  Catalysed by GATM, AGMAT

• 11-cis-retinolReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by BAAT, DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1 and 2 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• cob(II)alaminReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. 2 cob(II)alamin + A + 2 H2O + 2 H(+) = 2 aquacob(III)alamin + AH2

  Catalysed by MTO1, MTRR

• L-citrullineReach from here →
  1. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine
  2. Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15

  Catalysed by GATM, SLC7A9extracellular space, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• iodideReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, SLC26A4extracellular space, cytosolOne of 23 routes

• L-valineReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. transport of chloride and valine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• oxaloacetateReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. ATP citrate lyase (citrate)

  Catalysed by BAAT, ACLYperoxisome, cytosol

• L-arginineReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• nitric oxideReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. 2 nitrite + AH2 + 2 H(+) = 2 nitric oxide + A + 2 H2O

  Catalysed by MTO1, SUOX

• N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithineReach from here →
  1. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine
  2. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by GATM, ACY1cytosol

• 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-CTPReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. CTP + AH2 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-CTP + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by MTO1, RSAD2

• taurochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanoyl-CoA:taurine N-choloyltransferase
  2. taurochenodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = taurochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SULT2A1peroxisome

• (S)-2-hydroxyglutarateReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. (S)-2-hydroxyglutarate + A = 2-oxoglutarate + AH2

  Catalysed by MTO1, L2HGDH

• CHEBI:16856Reach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (GSH)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3peroxisome, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• CHEBI:16857Reach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Transport of L-Threonine by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• oxalic acidReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. transport of chloride and oxalate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, SLC26A6extracellular space, cytosol

• L-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. transport of chloride and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:17203Reach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Transport of L-Proline by the Apical Imino Amino Acid Transporters

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, CLTRN, SLC6A20extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• L-glutamic 5-semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine
  2. L-Ornithine:2-oxo-acid aminotransferase

  Catalysed by GATM, OATmitochondrial matrix

• anilineReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by BAAT, NAT2, NAT1peroxisome, cytosol

• CHEBI:17312Reach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion

  Catalysed by BAATperoxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5'-deoxyadenosineReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by MTO1, CDK5RAP1One of 4 routes

• L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)

  Catalysed by BAAT, NAGSperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine sulfate + AH2

  Catalysed by MTO1, DIO1

• 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by MTO1, DIO1, DIO3One of 2 routes

• 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + AH2

  Catalysed by MTO1, DIO1One of 2 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:3->C16:3), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by BAAT, HADHA, ACADVL, HADHBperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• glycine betaineReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. transport of betaine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, SLC6A12extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:17895Reach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Transport of L-Tyrosine by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:17927Reach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion

  Catalysed by BAATperoxisome, cytosol

• CHEBI:18019Reach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. transport of chloride and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• L-glutamineReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:18095Reach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. transport of trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, CLTRN, SLC6A20extracellular space, cytosol

• N-carbamoyl-beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Transport of 3-Ureidopropionate

  Catalysed by SLC6A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• taurodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)
  2. taurodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = taurodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SULT2A1cytosol

• 3',5'-diiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. 3',5'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by MTO1, DIO3

• 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by MTO1, DHFR, DHFR2cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (5Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-7-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by BAAT, HADHA, ACAA2, HADHBperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 3-iodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. 3-iodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,5-diiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by MTO1, DIO1, DIO3One of 2 routes

• (11Z)-docosenoyl-CoA(4-)Reach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-cetoleic acid)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• 3-iodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. 3-iodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by MTO1, DIO1, DIO3One of 2 routes

• (7Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((7Z)-tetradecenoic acid)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• 3'-iodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. 3'-iodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3',5'-diiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by MTO1, DIO1, DIO2One of 2 routes

• L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3-iodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by MTO1, DIO3

• thyronamineReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. thyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3-iodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by MTO1, DIO3

• 3'-iodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. 3'-iodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3',5'-diiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by MTO1, DIO1, DIO2One of 2 routes

• 3,3'-diiodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. 3,3'-diiodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by MTO1, DIO1, DIO2One of 2 routes

• 3',5'-diiodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. 3',5'-diiodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by MTO1, DIO3

• 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5,5'-tetraiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by MTO1, DIO3