L-cysteinylglycine

Three steps

• itaconyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. Itaconate:CoA ligase (GDP-forming)

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, NAGS and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, NAGS and 8 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 14 routes

• tetradecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, NAGS and 8 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 12 routes

• octanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, NAGS and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 21 routes

• phytanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. phytanate-CoA ligase

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, NAGScytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• octadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearate)

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, NAGS and 7 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 15 routes

• 15-oxoprostaglandin E2Reach from here →
  1. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  2. transport of GSH and prostaglandin E2 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin E2 + NAD(+) = 15-oxoprostaglandin E2 + NADH + H(+)

  Catalysed by GGTLC3, GGT1, GGT5, GGTLC2 and 5 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 15-oxoprostaglandin E1Reach from here →
  1. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  2. transport of GSH and prostaglandin E1 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (13E)-(15S)-11alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoate:NADP+ 15-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by GGTLC3, GGT1, GGT5, GGTLC2 and 6 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• 15-oxoprostaglandin D2Reach from here →
  1. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  2. transport of GSH and prostaglandin D2 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 15-dehydro-prostaglandin D2 reduction

  Catalysed by GGTLC3, GGT1, GGT5, GGTLC2 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 15-oxo-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  2. Glutathione: 15-HPETE oxidoreductase
  3. (15S)-15-Hydroxy-5,8,11-cis-13-trans-icosatetraenoate:NADP+ 15-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by GGTLC3, GGT1, GGT5, GGTLC2 and 11 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• (12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = (12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by GGTLC3, GGT1, GGT5, GGTLC2 and 5 morecytosol, extracellular space

• thromboxane A2Reach from here →
  1. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  2. transport of GSH and thromboxane B2 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. thromboxane A2 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by GGTLC3, GGT1, GGT5, GGTLC2 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 4 routes

• (15S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = (15S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by GGTLC3, GGT1, GGT5, GGTLC2 and 5 morecytosol, extracellular space

• (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by GGTLC3, GGT1, GGT5, GGTLC2 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 7,8-dihydrofolateReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, MOCOS and 1 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• 5-formimidoyltetrahydrofolateReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
  3. 5-Formiminotetrahydrofolate:L-glutamate N-formiminotransferase

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, SHMT1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-(N(omega)-L-arginino)succinateReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. transport of arginine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 2-(Nomega-L-arginino)succinate arginine-lyase (fumarate-forming)

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, SLC7A6 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 6 routes

• carnosineReach from here →
  1. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  2. beta-alanine(out) + L-alanine(in) = beta-alanine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  3. beta-alanine + L-histidine + ATP = carnosine + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by GGTLC3, GGT1, GGT5, GGTLC2 and 4 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 4-guanidinobutanoateReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. transport of arginine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 4-aminobutanoate + L-arginine = 4-guanidinobutanoate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, SLC7A6 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 2-oxoadipateReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. L-2-aminoadipate + glyoxylate = 2-oxoadipate + glycine

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, AADATcytosol

• L-dopaReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. transport of cysteine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-dopa(out) + L-phenylalanine(in) = L-dopa(in) + L-phenylalanine(out)

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, SLC7A5 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• N(6)-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-AMPReach from here →
  1. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. IMP:L-aspartate ligase (GDP-forming)

  Catalysed by GGTLC3, GGT1, GGT5, GGTLC2 and 5 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-guanidinopropanoateReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. transport of arginine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. beta-alanine + L-arginine = 3-guanidinopropanoate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, SLC7A6 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• L-histidineReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. transport of cysteine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-histidine(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-histidine(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, SLC7A5 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 8 routes

• D-ornithineReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, SLC7A6 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. (R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate + pyruvate = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, CTH and 1 morecytosol

• sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, NAGS and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• spermidineReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, NAGS and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• hypotaurineReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. L-Cysteine:oxygen oxidoreductase
  3. 3-sulfino-L-alanine + H(+) = hypotaurine + CO2

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, CDO1 and 2 morecytosol

• dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. glutathione = L-cysteinylglycine + 5-oxo-L-proline
  2. 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene + glutathione = 2,4-dinitrophenyl-S-glutathione + chloride + H(+)
  3. transport of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by CHAC2, CHAC1, PTGES, LANCL1 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-dopaquinoneReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. transport of cysteine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tyrosine,L-dopa:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, SLC7A5 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• L-saccharopineReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. transport of cysteine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N6-(L-1,3-Dicarboxypropyl)-L-lysine:NADP+ oxidoreductase (L-lysine-forming)

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, SLC7A6 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

• dimethylamineReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  3. Nomega,Nomega'-dimethyl-L-arginine dimethylamidohydrolase

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, AGXT2 and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• taurocyamineReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. transport of arginine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, SLC7A6 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space

• L-glutamate 5-semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, SLC7A6 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space

• N(4)-(beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-asparagineReach from here →
  1. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. N(4)-(beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-asparagine + H2O = N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylamine + L-aspartate + H(+)

  Catalysed by GGTLC3, GGT1, GGT5, GGTLC2 and 4 morecytosol

• porphobilinogenReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. succinyl-CoA:glycine C-succinyltransferase (decarboxylating)
  3. 5-aminolevulinate hydro-lyase (adding 5-aminolevulinate and cyclizing

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, ALAS1 and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• L,L-cystathionineReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, NAGScytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 6-amino-2-oxohexanoateReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. transport of cysteine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-lysine:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, SLC7A6cytosol, extracellular space, peroxisome

• L-homocysteineReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. transport of cysteine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, SLC7A5 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space

• carbamoyl phosphateReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. transport of cysteine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. HCO3-:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating)

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, SLC3A2 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• N,N-dimethylglycineReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  3. (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolyl-(gamma-L-Glu)(n) + N,N-dimethylglycine + oxidized [electron-transfer flavoprotein] + H(+) = (6R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolyl-(gamma-L-Glu)(n) + sarcosine + reduced [electron-transfer flavoprotein]

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, PIPOX and 1 morecytosol

• S-methyl-L-methionineReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. transport of cysteine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, SLC7A5 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space

• an acyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, NAGS and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• L-2-aminopentanoateReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  3. 2-oxopentanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-2-aminopentanoate

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, AGXT2cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (2S)-2-[5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamido]succinateReach from here →
  1. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. 1-(5-Phosphoribosyl)-5-amino-4-carboxyimidazole:L-aspartate ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by GGTLC3, GGT1, GGT5, GGTLC2 and 4 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• kynurenateReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. L-Cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + L-kynurenine = kynurenate + L-cysteine + H2O

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, GOT2 and 2 morecytosolOne of 15 routes

• L-2-aminohexanoateReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  3. 2-oxohexanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = L-2-aminohexanoate + 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, AGXT2cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamideReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
  3. phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase (10-formyl-THF)

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, SHMT1 and 1 morecytosol

• 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. L-cysteinylglycine dipeptidase
  2. transport of arginine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-arginine + O2 + H2O = 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoate + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by ANPEP, LAP3, NPEPPS, SLC7A6 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space