xanthine

Three steps

• N-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  3. (S)-lactate + L-phenylalanine = N-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-phenylalanine + H2O

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A12, SLC22A13, CNDP2cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• guanosineReach from here →
  1. xanthosine:orthophosphate ribosyltransferase
  2. xanthosine:orthophosphate ribosyltransferase
  3. guanosine:phosphate alpha-D-ribosyltransferase

  Catalysed by PNPcytosolOne of 2 routes

• ferrocytochrome cReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. transport of L-lactate and urate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (S)-Lactate:ferricytochrome-c 2-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A12, CYB5D1cytosol, extracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

• (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acidReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. transport of L-lactate and urate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of (R)-3-hydroxybutanoate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A12, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• nicotinamideReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. nicotinate(in) + urate(out) = nicotinate(out) + urate(in)
  3. nicotinate + NADP(+) = NAADP(+) + nicotinamide

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A12, SLC22A13, CD38cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 2'-deoxyguanosineReach from here →
  1. hypoxanthine + NAD(+) + H2O = xanthine + NADH + H(+)
  2. inosine:phosphate alpha-D-ribosyltransferase
  3. dGMP + inosine = 2'-deoxyguanosine + IMP

  Catalysed by XDH, PNP, NT5C2cytosol

• itaconateReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(in) + glutarate(out) = urate(out) + glutarate(in)
  3. itaconate + glutaryl-CoA = itaconyl-CoA + glutarate

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A8, SUGCTcytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• dehydroascorbic acidReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  3. 5,9-cyclo-6,8-cycloperoxy-12... to 5,9-cyclo-6,8,12-trihydroxy... conversion

  Catalysed by XDHcytosolOne of 18 routes

• 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarateReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(in) + glutarate(out) = urate(out) + glutarate(in)
  3. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarate + glutaryl-CoA = (3S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + glutarate

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A8, SUGCTcytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• sulfiteReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, TSTD1cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• cytidineReach from here →
  1. hypoxanthine + NAD(+) + H2O = xanthine + NADH + H(+)
  2. inosine:phosphate alpha-D-ribosyltransferase
  3. inosine + CMP = cytidine + IMP

  Catalysed by XDH, PNP, NT5C2cytosol

• CHEBI:17797Reach from here →
  1. xanthosine:orthophosphate ribosyltransferase
  2. xanthosine:orthophosphate ribosyltransferase
  3. D-Ribose 1,5-phosphomutase

  Catalysed by PNP, PGM2cytosol

• methylarsonous acidReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. methylarsonate + 2 glutathione + H(+) = methylarsonous acid + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, GSTO1, GSTO2cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• arsenic triglutathioneReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. arsenic triglutathione + 3 [thioredoxin]-dithiol + 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = trimethylarsine + 3 [thioredoxin]-disulfide + 3 glutathione + 3 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3 H(+)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, AS3MTcytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:18381Reach from here →
  1. hypoxanthine + NAD(+) + H2O = xanthine + NADH + H(+)
  2. IMP:diphosphate phospho-D-ribosyltransferase
  3. IMP 1,2-hydrolase (decyclizing)

  Catalysed by XDH, HPRT1, ATICcytosol

• 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol 3-O-(beta-D-glucuronate)Reach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(in) + glutarate(out) = urate(out) + glutarate(in)
  3. 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol 3-O-(beta-D-glucuronate)(out) + glutarate(in) = 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol 3-O-(beta-D-glucuronate)(in) + glutarate(out)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A8, SLC22A24cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2-S-(R)-glutathioneReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 + glutathione = 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2-S-(R)-glutathione

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, MGST3cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoateReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = urate(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)
  3. 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoate(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoate(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A6, SLC22A8cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-sepiapterinReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = urate(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)
  3. L-sepiapterin(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = L-sepiapterin(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A6, SLC22A8cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + 2 glutathione = (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, GPX1, GPX4cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. (12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + 2 glutathione = (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, GPX1, GPX4cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (15S)-hydroxy-(11Z,13E)-eicosadienoateReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. (15S)-hydroperoxy-(11Z,13E)-eicosadienoate + 2 glutathione = (15S)-hydroxy-(11Z,13E)-eicosadienoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, GPX1, GPX4cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (17S)-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoateReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. (17S)-hydroperoxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + 2 glutathione = (17S)-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, GPX1, GPX4cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• a hydroxy-1,2-diacyl-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. a hydroperoxy-1,2-diacyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 2 glutathione = a hydroxy-1,2-diacyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, GPX4cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (S)-lactoyl-AMPReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  3. (S)-lactate + ATP + H(+) = (S)-lactoyl-AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A12, SLC22A13, AARS1 and 1 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (S)-lactoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  3. (S)-lactate + ATP + CoA = (S)-lactoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A12, SLC22A13, ACSS2cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 3-(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxynonanalReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. (E)-4-hydroxynon-2-enal + glutathione = 3-(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxynonanal

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, GSTP1cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• a quinolReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. a quinone + hydrogen sulfide + glutathione + H(+) = S-sulfanylglutathione + a quinol

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, SQORcytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• iron(2+)Reach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  3. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)

  Catalysed by XDH, CYBRD1cytosol, extracellular space

• L-ascorbic acidReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. L-dehydroascorbate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + L-ascorbate

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, CLIC1, GSTO1 and 1 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• glycocholateReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. glycocholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = glycocholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, ABCC4cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

• cholateReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. cholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = cholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, ABCC4cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• hydrogen sulfideReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, TSTD1cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• acetateReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. transport of L-lactate and urate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of acetate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A12, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• formic acidReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. transport of L-lactate and urate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of formate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A12, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• propionic acidReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. transport of L-lactate and urate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of L-lactate and propanoate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A12, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• butyric acidReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. transport of L-lactate and urate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of butyrate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A12, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• adipic acidReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(in) + glutarate(out) = urate(out) + glutarate(in)
  3. hexanedioate + glutaryl-CoA = hexanedioyl-CoA + glutarate

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A8, SUGCTcytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• orotateReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. nicotinate(in) + urate(out) = nicotinate(out) + urate(in)
  3. orotate(out) + nicotinate(in) = orotate(in) + nicotinate(out)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A12, SLC22A13cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (indol-3-yl)acetateReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = urate(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)
  3. (indol-3-yl)acetate(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = (indol-3-yl)acetate(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A6, SLC22A8cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• an alcoholReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. a hydroperoxide + 2 glutathione = an alcohol + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, CP, PRDX6cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• glycochenodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. glycochenodeoxycholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = glycochenodeoxycholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, ABCC4cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• taurocholateReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. taurocholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = taurocholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, ABCC4cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

• L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = urate(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)
  3. L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A6, SLC22A8cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• tert-butanolReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. tert-butyl hydroperoxide + 2 glutathione = tert-butanol + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A13, CLIC2, GPX1 and 3 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. hypoxanthine + NAD(+) + H2O = xanthine + NADH + H(+)
  2. Deoxyinosine:orthophosphate ribosyltransferase
  3. 2'-deoxyinosine + phosphate = 2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate + hypoxanthine

  Catalysed by XDH, PNPcytosol

• glutaryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(in) + glutarate(out) = urate(out) + glutarate(in)
  3. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A8, SUGCTcytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• prostaglandin E1Reach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  3. prostaglandin E1(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin E1(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A12, SLC22A13, SLCO2A1cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin F2alphaReach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  3. prostaglandin F2alpha(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin F2alpha(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A12, SLC22A13, SLCO2A1cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 6 routes

• prostaglandin H2Reach from here →
  1. xanthine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  3. prostaglandin H2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin H2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by XDH, SLC22A12, SLC22A13, SLCO2A1cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes