CHEBI:28862

Three steps

• L-homocysteineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• carbamoyl phosphateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. HCO3-:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• S-methyl-L-methionineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N-acetylputrescineReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• (2R)-2-phosphoglycerateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  3. 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase (phosphoenolpyruvate-forming)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, ENO1, ENO2 and 1 morecytosol

• L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-tyrosine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-tyrosine(in) + L-aspartate(out)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• trans-4-hydroxy-L-prolineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. dADP to dATP conversion
  2. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  3. 1D-myo-inositol-3-phosphate lyase (isomerizing)

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• histamineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-histidine carboxy-lyase (histamine-forming)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (2S)-2-[5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamido]succinateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. 1-(5-Phosphoribosyl)-5-amino-4-carboxyimidazole:L-aspartate ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• kynurenateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)
  3. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + L-kynurenine = kynurenate + L-cysteine + H2O

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, MPST, AADATcytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. mitothioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-arginine + O2 + H2O = 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoate + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N(8)-acetylspermidineReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• S-sulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. 2 L-cysteine = S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N-formyl-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (S)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. L-3-amino-isobutanoate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, AGXT2, ABATcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (glutamine)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• phosphoenolpyruvateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. Pyruvate:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. oxaloacetate + GTP = phosphoenolpyruvate + GDP + CO2

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, PC, PCK1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• an N-acetyl-L-cysteine-S-conjugateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. an N-acetyl-L-cysteine-S-conjugate + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + acetate

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. D-fructose 6-phosphate + L-glutamine = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• L-methionine (S)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• L-methionine (R)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (R)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• S-sulfanylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. sulfotransferase (thioredoxin)
  3. S-sulfanylglutathione + O2 + H2O = sulfite + glutathione + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• thiamine triphosphateReach from here →
  1. dADP to dATP conversion
  2. Antiport of thiamine-diphosphate and dATP
  3. ATP:thiamine-diphosphate phosphotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC25A19, TPK1mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-[(R)-4-phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate:L-cysteine ligase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 3-iodo-L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. thyroid peroxidase (iodine)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (2S)-2-phospholactateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. (2S)-2-phospholactate + H2O = (S)-lactate + phosphate

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, LDHA, LDHB and 4 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-prolineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin E2Reach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. prostaglandin E2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, LDHA, LDHB and 4 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• N-benzoylglycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. Hippurate (Benzoylglycinate) Formation

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-sulfino-L-alanineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• dIMPReach from here →
  1. ATP:dGMP phosphotransferase
  2. dGMP + inosine = 2'-deoxyguanosine + IMP
  3. dIMP + inosine = 2'-deoxyinosine + IMP

  Catalysed by GUK1, NT5C2cytosol

• L-cysteinylglycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 7 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• dTMPReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-diphosphate:oxidized-thioredoxin 2'-oxidoreductase
  3. deoxythymidylate kinase (dADP)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 10 routes

• ubiquinol-10Reach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. sulfotransferase (thioredoxin)
  3. ubiquinone-10 + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+) = ubiquinol-10 + thiosulfate

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N(5)-[(Z)-amino(hydroxyimino)methyl]ornithineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. mitothioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-arginine,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (N-(omega)-hydroxyarginine-forming)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• Mo-molybdopterinReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (2S)-2-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• 2-iminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate
  3. 2-iminobutanoate + H2O = 2-oxobutanoate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, AGXT2, RIDAcytosol

• 2-aminoprop-2-enoateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. D-serine = pyruvate + NH4(+)
  3. D-serine = 2-aminoprop-2-enoate + H2O

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, SRRcytosol

• thio-Mo-molybdopterinReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• glycodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-tetradecanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. tetradecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-tetradecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N-eicosanoylglycinateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. eicosanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-eicosanoylglycinate + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N-docosanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. docosanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-docosanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N-hexacosanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. hexacosanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexacosanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• an N(2)-acyl-L-glutamineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. an acyl-CoA + L-glutamine = an N(2)-acyl-L-glutamine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• thromboxane B2Reach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. thromboxane B2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = thromboxane B2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, LDHA, LDHB and 4 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes