CHEBI:16523

Three steps

• trans-urocanateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of glutamine and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-histidine ammonia-lyase (urocanate-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SLC7A6, HALextracellular space, cytosol

• urateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GSS, SLC22A13extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophanReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of glutamine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tryptophan + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SLC7A5, TPH1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• methylarsonous acidReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. methylarsonate + 2 glutathione + H(+) = methylarsonous acid + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GSS, GSTO1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of glutamine and leucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Leucine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SLC7A5, BCAT2extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• CHEBI:17927Reach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arginine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Transport by Y+Lat-2 into Extracellular Space

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-phenylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Glutamine:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. 3-phenylpyruvate + L-glutamine = 2-oxoglutaramate + L-phenylalanine

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, KYAT1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• CHEBI:18095Reach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Glutamine:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. Transport of Hydroxy-Proline

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, KYAT1, SLC1A4extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• N-carbamoyl-beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. Transport of 3-Ureidopropionate

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamideReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 5-Phospho-D-ribosylamine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. 10-formyltetrahydrofolate:5'-phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GARTextracellular space, cytosol

• arsenic triglutathioneReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. arsenic triglutathione + 3 [thioredoxin]-dithiol + 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = trimethylarsine + 3 [thioredoxin]-disulfide + 3 glutathione + 3 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3 H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GSS, AS3MTextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 2-phenylethylamineReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of glutamine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-phenylalanine carboxy-lyase (phenylethylamine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SLC7A5, DDCextracellular space, cytosol

• gamma-L-glutamyl-(2S)-2-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate = 2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  3. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + L-glutamate + ATP = gamma-L-glutamyl-(2S)-2-aminobutanoate + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, AGXT2, GCLCextracellular space, cytosol

• S-methylmercury-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of glutamine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-methylmercury-L-cysteine(out) + L-methionine(in) = S-methylmercury-L-cysteine(in) + L-methionine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SLC7A5, SLC7A8extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 6 routes

• 2-aminoisobutanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Glutamine:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. 2-aminoisobutanoate(out) + L-alanine(in) = 2-aminoisobutanoate(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, KYAT1extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• D-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. D-serine(in) + L-glutamine(out) + Na(+)(out) = D-serine(out) + L-glutamine(in) + Na(+)(in)
  3. D-isoleucine(out) + D-serine(in) = D-isoleucine(in) + D-serine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SLC1A5extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2-S-(R)-glutathioneReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 + glutathione = 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2-S-(R)-glutathione

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GSS, MGST3extracellular space, cytosol

• (6R)-10-formyltetrahydrofolateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine
  3. (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + formate + ATP = (6R)-10-formyltetrahydrofolate + ADP + phosphate

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SHMT1, SHMT2 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + 2 glutathione = (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GSS, GPX1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + 2 glutathione = (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GSS, GPX1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• (15S)-hydroxy-(11Z,13E)-eicosadienoateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (15S)-hydroperoxy-(11Z,13E)-eicosadienoate + 2 glutathione = (15S)-hydroxy-(11Z,13E)-eicosadienoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GSS, GPX1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• (17S)-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (17S)-hydroperoxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + 2 glutathione = (17S)-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GSS, GPX1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• a hydroxy-1,2-diacyl-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. a hydroperoxy-1,2-diacyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 2 glutathione = a hydroxy-1,2-diacyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GSS, GPX4extracellular space, cytosol

• glycodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase
  3. glycodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SULT2A1extracellular space, cytosol

• 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, AADAT, AGXT2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, AADAT, AGXT2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, AADAT, AGXT2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (6R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
  3. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SHMT1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• S-disulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of cysteine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-cysteine = S-disulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SLC7A5, CARS2extracellular space, cytosol

• (5Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-7-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, HADHA, ACAA2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (11Z)-docosenoyl-CoA(4-)Reach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-cetoleic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• (7Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((7Z)-tetradecenoic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:4->C16:4), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, HADHA, ACADVL and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (7Z,10Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation Trans (C18:2->C16:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, HADHA, ACADVL and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (4Z,7Z)-decadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C12:3->C10:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, ECHS1, ACAA2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (5Z)-octenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C10:2->C8:1), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, ECHS1, ACAA2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 3-(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxynonanalReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (E)-4-hydroxynon-2-enal + glutathione = 3-(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxynonanal

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GSS, GSTP1extracellular space, cytosol

• glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine to glycoursodeoxycholate conversion
  3. glycoursodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SULT2A1extracellular space, cytosol

• glycochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA + glycine = glycochenodeoxycholate + CoA + H(+)
  3. glycochenodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, BAAT, SULT2A1extracellular space, cytosol

• deoxycholateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase
  3. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol

• a quinolReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. a quinone + hydrogen sulfide + glutathione + H(+) = S-sulfanylglutathione + a quinol

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GSS, SQORextracellular space, cytosol

• hypochlorous acidReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. Peroxidase

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SLC6A14, LPOextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• potassium atomReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SLC6A14, SLC12A2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:27540Reach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (hexanoic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, ACSM4, ACSM1 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• elaidic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (elaidate)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• 5-hydroxytryptophanReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of glutamine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tryptophan, Tetrahydrobiopterin:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (5-Hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SLC7A5, TPH1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5(S)-HETEReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. Glutathione: 5-HPETE oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, GSS, GPX5 and 8 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:28701Reach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  3. Propanoyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, ACAA1, SCP2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 7 routes

• pyridoxine 5'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Glutamine:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, KYAT1, SCLYextracellular space, cytosol

• N-acetyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of cysteine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A10, SLC7A5, NAGSextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix