3-methylmalate

362,296 routes · scope human · up to 3 steps · built 5 October 2026 · Reactions · API

187 compounds within 3 steps: 2 in 1, 32 in 2, 153 in 3

Three steps

1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-oneReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
3. 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + formate + 2 H(+)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, ADI1
S(8)-aminomethyldihydrolipoamideReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase ([protein]-N6-(lipoyl)lysine)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, GLDC, GCSHmitochondrial matrix
a 3-acylpyruvateReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
3. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AGXT, AGXT2, FAHD1
(S)-malyl-CoAReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
3. (S)-malate + ATP + CoA = (S)-malyl-CoA + ADP + phosphate
Catalysed by CLYBL, SUCLG1, SUCLA2
(R)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. propanoyl-CoA + hydrogencarbonate + ATP = (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
3. Methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase
Catalysed by CLYBL, PCCA, PCCB, MCEEmitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes
sarcosineReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, PIPOXOne of 2 routes
(6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolateReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, SHMT1, SHMT2
an N-acylglycineReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. an acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-acylglycine + CoA + H(+)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, GLYATL3, GLYAT and 1 more
2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoateReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
3. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AGXT, AGXT2, MPST
2-methyl-3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
3. (R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate + pyruvate = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine
Catalysed by CLYBL, AGXT, AGXT2
guanidinoacetateReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, GATMcytosolOne of 2 routes
L-methionineReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. transport of glycine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 8 routes
dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfateReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. propanoyl-CoA + H2O = propanoate + CoA + H(+)
3. propanoate(out) + dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate(in) = propanoate(in) + dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate(out)
Catalysed by CLYBL, ACOT8, ACAA2, ACOT9 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes
L-tryptophanReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. transport of glycine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 7 routes
glutathioneReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, GSS
L-threonineReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate = 2-oxobutanoate + glycine
3. L-threonine = 2-oxobutanoate + NH4(+)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AGXT2, SDS, SDSL
L-alanineReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, SLC3A2, SLC7A5 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 24 routes
leukotriene C4Reach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. leukotriene C4 hydrolysis
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADATcytosol
L-asparagineReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADATextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes
L-phenylalanineReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 12 routes
L-tyrosineReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADATOne of 3 routes
N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, AGXT2One of 7 routes
(3S)-citramalyl-CoAReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
3. (3S)-citramalyl-CoA = pyruvate + acetyl-CoA
Catalysed by CLYBL, AGXT, AGXT2
L-2-aminoadipateReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. L-2-aminoadipate + glyoxylate = 2-oxoadipate + glycine
3. 2-oxoadipate + L-kynurenine = L-2-aminoadipate + kynurenate + H2O
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT
N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycineReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + CoA + H(+)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, GLYATL2One of 2 routes
2-hydroxy-4-methylvaleric acidReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. L-leucine + glyoxylate = 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
3. 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate reduction
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, SDR42E2, AKR1B15 and 16 morecytosol
estrone 3-sulfateReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. propanoyl-CoA + H2O = propanoate + CoA + H(+)
3. propanoate(in) + estrone 3-sulfate(out) = propanoate(out) + estrone 3-sulfate(in)
Catalysed by CLYBL, ACOT8, ACAA2, ACOT9 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes
N-benzoylglycineReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. Hippurate (Benzoylglycinate) Formation
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADATmitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes
(2S)-2-aminobutanoateReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate = 2-oxobutanoate + glycine
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, AGXT2One of 6 routes
2-iminobutanoateReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate = 2-oxobutanoate + glycine
3. 2-iminobutanoate + H2O = 2-oxobutanoate + NH4(+)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AGXT2, RIDA
3-phenyllactateReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glyoxylate + L-phenylalanine = 3-phenylpyruvate + glycine
3. Formation of Phenyl-Lactate
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADATcytosol
glycodeoxycholateReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADATcytosolOne of 2 routes
N-tetradecanoylglycineReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. tetradecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-tetradecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, GLYATL2One of 2 routes
N-eicosanoylglycinateReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. eicosanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-eicosanoylglycinate + CoA + H(+)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, BAAT
N-docosanoylglycineReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. docosanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-docosanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, BAAT
N-hexacosanoylglycineReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
3. hexacosanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexacosanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT, BAAT
2-(1-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphateReach from here →
1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
2. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
3. pyruvate:thiamin diphosphate acetaldehydetransferase (decarboxylating)
Catalysed by CLYBL, AGXT, AGXT2, PDHA1 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix