L-arginine

Three steps

• prostaglandin J2-S-(R)-glutathioneReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. prostaglandin J2 + glutathione = prostaglandin J2-S-(R)-glutathione

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GSS, GSTA1, GSTP1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• prostaglandin J2-S-(S)-glutathioneReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. prostaglandin J2 + glutathione = prostaglandin J2-S-(S)-glutathione

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GSS, GSTP1, GSTM1extracellular space, cytosol

• 13-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + AH2 + O2 = 13-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, MOCOS, PTGS2extracellular space, cytosol

• 9-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + AH2 + O2 = 9-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, MOCOS, PTGS2extracellular space, cytosol

• 2,4-dinitrophenyl-S-glutathioneReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-histidine carboxy-lyase (histamine-forming)
  3. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC7A6, HDC, SLCO1A2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 13 routes

• cholesterol sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Steryl-Sulfatase

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC26A6, STSextracellular space, cytosol, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• (13R)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + AH2 + O2 = (13R)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, MOCOS, PTGS1, PTGS2extracellular space, cytosol

• 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. steroid sulfatase (5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC26A6, STSextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• acetoacetateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. transport of acetoacetate and pyruvate (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, AGXT2extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 6 routes

• (13R)-S-glutathionyl-(14S)-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,9E,11E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (13S,14S)-epoxy-(4Z,7Z,9E,11E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + glutathione = (13R)-S-glutathionyl-(14S)-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,9E,11E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GSS, GSTM4, LTC4Sextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-[(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, MOCOS, PTGS2extracellular space, cytosol

• 2-[(15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, MOCOS, PTGS2extracellular space, cytosol

• 2-[(15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, MOCOS, PTGS2extracellular space, cytosol

• 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazoleReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + L-glutamine + ATP + H2O = 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-O-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + L-glutamate + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-O-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + ATP = 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, PFAS, GARTextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 2-(prostaglandin G2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + AH2 = 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, MOCOS, PTGS2extracellular space, cytosol

• 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 2-(prostaglandin G2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 = 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, MOCOS, PTGS2extracellular space, cytosol

• N-(4-oxoglutaryl)-L-cysteinylglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  3. N-(4-oxoglutaryl)-L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = L-cysteinylglycine + 2-oxoglutarate

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GGTLC3, GGT1, GGT5 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• an aryl sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. an aryl sulfate + H2O = a phenol + sulfate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC26A6, ARSL, ARSF and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 3-sulfinopyruvateReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Cysteine:oxygen oxidoreductase
  3. 3-sulfino-L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, CDO1, GOT1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• S-methyl glutathioneReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. apo-[alkylcobalamin reductase] + methylcob(III)alamin + glutathione = S-methyl glutathione + cob(I)alamin-[alkylcobalamin reductase] + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GSS, MMACHCextracellular space, cytosol

• N-octanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N-octanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = octanamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, AADAT, PAMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-decanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N-decanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = decanamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, AADAT, PAMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = dodecanamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, AADAT, PAMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-tetradecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N-tetradecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = tetradecamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, AADAT, PAMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = (9Z)-octadecenamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, AADAT, PAMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, AADAT, PAMextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-amino-2-deoxy-6-phospho-D-glucono-1,5-lactoneReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. D-fructose 6-phosphate + L-glutamine = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + L-glutamate
  3. D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + NADP(+) = 2-amino-2-deoxy-6-phospho-D-glucono-1,5-lactone + NADPH + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GFPT2, GFPT1, H6PDextracellular space, cytosol

• 2,3-didehydrophenylalanineReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycyldehydrophenylalanine + H2O = 2,3-didehydrophenylalanine + glycine
  3. glycyldehydrophenylalanine + H2O = 2,3-didehydrophenylalanine + glycine

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, DPEP1extracellular space, cytosol

• S-adenosylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. apo-[alkylcobalamin reductase] + adenosylcob(III)alamin + glutathione = S-adenosylglutathione + cob(I)alamin-[alkylcobalamin reductase] + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GSS, MMACHCextracellular space, cytosol

• N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamideReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamine + glycine + ATP = N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + (6R)-10-formyltetrahydrofolate = N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GARTextracellular space, cytosol

• kinetensin-(1-8)Reach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Chymase
  3. kinetensin + H2O = kinetensin-(1-8) + L-leucine

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, CMA1, ACE2extracellular space, cytosol

• (7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetylation of Lysine
  3. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase ((7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, CPT1A and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:15345Reach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetylation of Lysine
  3. Acetoacetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, AACSextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• acetylcholineReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of acetylcholine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• acetylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. acetylpyruvate + H2O = acetate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, AGXT2, FAHD1extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• all-trans-retinoic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:15380Reach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetylation of Lysine
  3. 5-aminolevulinate synthase (2-amino-3-oxoadipate)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, ALAS1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

• CHEBI:15477Reach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetylation of Lysine
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, GLYAT and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 2-methylcrotonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetylation of Lysine
  3. Production of Tiglylcarnitine

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, CPT1A and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• isobutyryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetylation of Lysine
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxo-4-methyl-pentanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, HADHA and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 3-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetylation of Lysine
  3. glycine-N-acyltransferase (3-methylcrotonoylglycine)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, GLYATextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• isovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetylation of Lysine
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (isovalerylglycine)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, GLYAT and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• arachidonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetylation of Lysine
  3. Arachidonate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, SLC27A2 and 7 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 11 routes

• CHEBI:15519Reach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetylation of Lysine
  3. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, ACAA1 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• palmitoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetylation of Lysine
  3. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, SLC27A2 and 7 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 11 routes

• oleoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetylation of Lysine
  3. Transport of octadecenoyl-CoA into Mitochondrial Matrix

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, CPT1A and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 11 routes

• phenylacetyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetylation of Lysine
  3. Phenylacetate:CoA ligase

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• propionyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetylation of Lysine
  3. Propanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, ACSS3 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 46 routes

• (S)-malateReach from here →
  1. 2-(Nomega-L-arginino)succinate arginine-lyase (fumarate-forming)
  2. 2-(Nomega-L-arginino)succinate arginine-lyase (fumarate-forming)
  3. (S)-malate hydro-lyase (fumarate-forming)

  Catalysed by ASL, FHcytosolOne of 13 routes

• 15(S)-HPETEReach from here →
  1. L-cystine(out) + L-arginine(in) = L-cystine(in) + L-arginine(out)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. Glutathione: 15-HPETE oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC7A9, GPX5, GPX1, GPX2 and 6 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol