CHEBI:67119

362,296 routes · scope human · up to 3 steps · built 5 October 2026 · Reactions · API

127 compounds within 3 steps: 10 in 1, 30 in 2, 87 in 3

Three steps

alpha-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Gal-(1<->1')-CerReach from here →
1. UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
2. alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-galactose
3. a beta-D-Gal-(1<->1')-ceramide + UDP-alpha-D-galactose = alpha-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Gal-(1<->1')-Cer + UDP + H(+)
Catalysed by GALT, A4GALTcytosol
pyruvateReach from here →
1. beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GM2)
2. Sialidase, Cytosol (Neu2)
3. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
Catalysed by B3GALT4, NEU2, NPLcytosol
beta-D-glucoseReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
2. galactosylceramidase (D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine)
3. D-glucose 1-epimerase
Catalysed by UGT8, GALC, GALMcytosol, lysosome
D-galactono-1,5-lactoneReach from here →
1. alpha 1,4-galactosyltransferase (P blood group) (LacCer pool)
2. a globoside Gb3Cer (d18:1(4E)) + H2O = a beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-(1<->1)-Cer(d18:1(4E)) + D-galactose
3. D-galactose + NADP(+) = D-galactono-1,5-lactone + NADPH + H(+)
Catalysed by A4GALT, GLA, DHDHcytosol
cholesterolReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
2. galactosylceramidase (D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine)
3. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
Catalysed by UGT8, GALC, GBA1, GBA2cytosol, lysosomeOne of 3 routes
CHEBI:16174Reach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
2. galactosylceramidase (D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine)
3. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
Catalysed by UGT8, GALC, HK1, HK2 and 2 morecytosol, lysosome
sulfateReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
2. 3'-Phosphoadenylylsulfate:galactosylceramide 3'-sulfotransferase
3. Sulfatide sulfohydrolase
Catalysed by UGT8, GAL3ST1, ARSA, ARSD and 1 morecytosol, lysosomeOne of 2 routes
D-glucono-1,5-lactoneReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
2. galactosylceramidase (D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine)
3. D-glucose + NAD(+) = D-glucono-1,5-lactone + NADH + H(+)
Catalysed by UGT8, GALC, H6PDcytosol, lysosomeOne of 2 routes
galactitolReach from here →
1. glucosylceramide pool to LacCer pool conversion
2. beta-D-Galactosyl-1,4-beta-D-glucosylceramide galactohydrolase
3. galactitol:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase
Catalysed by ALG1L2, B4GALT5, B3GALT2, B4GALT3 and 36 moreendoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, cytosolOne of 2 routes
aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-mannosamineReach from here →
1. beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GM2)
2. Sialidase, Cytosol (Neu2)
3. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
Catalysed by B3GALT4, NEU2, NPLcytosol
a monoacylglycerolReach from here →
1. alpha 1,4-galactosyltransferase (P blood group) (LacCer pool)
2. a globoside Gb3Cer (d18:1(4E)) + H2O = a lysoGb3(d18:1(4E)) + a fatty acid
3. a monoacylglycerol + H2O = glycerol + a fatty acid + H(+)
Catalysed by A4GALT, ASAH1, LIPEcytosol
a sphingomyelinReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
2. galactosylceramidase (D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine)
3. ceramide:phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphotransferase
Catalysed by UGT8, GALC, SGMS1, SGMS2cytosol, lysosome, Golgi apparatusOne of 8 routes
lactoseReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
2. galactosylceramidase (D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine)
3. D-glucose + UDP-alpha-D-galactose = lactose + UDP + H(+)
Catalysed by UGT8, GALC, B4GALT2, B4GALT1cytosol, lysosomeOne of 2 routes
CHEBI:17808Reach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
2. galactosylceramidase (D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine)
3. ITP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
Catalysed by UGT8, GALC, HK1, HK2 and 2 morecytosol, lysosome
a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
2. galactosylceramidase (D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine)
3. ceramide:phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphotransferase
Catalysed by UGT8, GALC, SGMS1, SGMS2cytosol, lysosome, Golgi apparatusOne of 6 routes
D-glucitolReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
2. galactosylceramidase (D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine)
3. Aldehyde Reductase
Catalysed by UGT8, GALCcytosol, lysosomeOne of 3 routes
a beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
2. 3'-Phosphoadenylylsulfate:galactosylceramide 3'-sulfotransferase
3. an N-acyl-1-beta-D-(3-O-sulfo)-galactosyl-sphing-4-enine + H2O = a beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + sulfate + H(+)
Catalysed by UGT8, GAL3ST1, ARSAcytosol, lysosomeOne of 4 routes
a beta-D-xylosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
2. galactosylceramidase (D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine)
3. a beta-D-xylosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-xyloside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
Catalysed by UGT8, GALC, GBA1, GBA3cytosol, lysosomeOne of 2 routes
L-fucoseReach from here →
1. beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (lc3Cer)
2. a neolactoside nLc4Cer(d18:1(4E)) + GDP-beta-L-fucose = a neolactoside IV(2)-alpha-Fuc-nLc4Cer(d18:1(4E)) + GDP + H(+)
3. a neolactoside IV(2)-alpha-Fuc-nLc4Cer(d18:1(4E)) + H2O = a neolactoside nLc4Cer(d18:1(4E)) + L-fucose
Catalysed by B4GALT3, B4GALT4, B4GALT2, B4GALT1 and 3 morecytosol
a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
2. galactosylceramidase (D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine)
3. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + UDP + H(+)
Catalysed by UGT8, GALC, UGCGcytosol, lysosomeOne of 2 routes
an alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc derivativeReach from here →
1. UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
2. alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-galactose
3. an alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc derivative + UDP-alpha-D-galactose = an alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc derivative + UDP + H(+)
Catalysed by GALT, ABOcytosol
an alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-alpha-D-GalNAc derivativeReach from here →
1. UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
2. alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-galactose
3. an alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-alpha-D-GalNAc derivative + UDP-alpha-D-galactose = an alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-alpha-D-GalNAc derivative + UDP + H(+)
Catalysed by GALT, ABOcytosol
an alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc derivativeReach from here →
1. UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
2. alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-galactose
3. an alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc derivative + UDP-alpha-D-galactose = an alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc derivative + UDP + H(+)
Catalysed by GALT, ABOcytosol
an alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GlcNAc derivativeReach from here →
1. UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
2. alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-galactose
3. an alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GlcNAc derivative + UDP-alpha-D-galactose = an alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GlcNAc derivative + UDP + H(+)
Catalysed by GALT, ABOcytosol
an alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc derivativeReach from here →
1. UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
2. alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-galactose
3. an alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc derivative + UDP-alpha-D-galactose = an alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc derivative + UDP + H(+)
Catalysed by GALT, ABOcytosol
beta-D-galactoseReach from here →
1. glucosylceramide pool to LacCer pool conversion
2. beta-D-Galactosyl-1,4-beta-D-glucosylceramide galactohydrolase
3. galactose[n] = beta-D-galactose[n]
Catalysed by ALG1L2, B4GALT5, B3GALT2, B4GALT3 and 36 moreendoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, nucleusOne of 2 routes
N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosamineReach from here →
1. beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GM2)
2. beta-galactosidase (GM1)
3. a ganglioside GM2 (d18:1(4E)) + H2O = a ganglioside GM3 (d18:1(4E)) + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosamine
Catalysed by B3GALT4, LCT, GLB1, GLB1L and 3 morecytosol
N-glycoloylneuraminateReach from here →
1. beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GM2)
2. Sialidase, Cytosol (Neu2)
3. CMP-N-acetylneuraminate monooxygenase (N-acetylneuraminate)
Catalysed by B3GALT4, NEU2cytosol
fatty acidReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
2. galactosylceramidase (D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine)
3. N-Acylsphingosine amidohydrolase
Catalysed by UGT8, GALC, ASAH1cytosol, lysosome
a fatty aldehydeReach from here →
1. alpha 1,4-galactosyltransferase (P blood group) (LacCer pool)
2. a globoside Gb3Cer (d18:1(4E)) + H2O = a lysoGb3(d18:1(4E)) + a fatty acid
3. a fatty aldehyde + NAD(+) + H2O = a fatty acid + NADH + 2 H(+)
Catalysed by A4GALT, ASAH1, ALDH3A2cytosol
sphingosine 1-phosphateReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
2. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
3. ATP:sphingosine 1-phosphotransferase
Catalysed by DBP, SPHK2, SPHK1cytosolOne of 2 routes
D-glucopyranose 6-phosphateReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
2. galactosylceramidase (D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine)
3. ATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
Catalysed by UGT8, GALC, HK1, GCK and 3 morecytosol, lysosomeOne of 5 routes
N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
2. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
3. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
Catalysed by PAFAH2cytosolOne of 2 routes
an N-acylsphing-4-enine 1-phosphateReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
2. galactosylceramidase (D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine)
3. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + ATP = an N-acylsphing-4-enine 1-phosphate + ADP + H(+)
Catalysed by UGT8, GALC, AGK, CERKcytosol, lysosome
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamineReach from here →
1. UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
2. alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-galactose
3. UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine(out) + UDP-alpha-D-galactose(in) = UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine(in) + UDP-alpha-D-galactose(out)
Catalysed by GALT, SLC35A2cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminateReach from here →
1. beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GM2)
2. Sialidase, Cytosol (Neu2)
3. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
Catalysed by B3GALT4, NEU2, CMAScytosol, nucleusOne of 2 routes
alpha-D-glucose 6-phosphateReach from here →
1. UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
2. alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-galactose
3. alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate = alpha-D-glucose 6-phosphate
Catalysed by GALT, PGM1, PGM2cytosol
(2R)-3-phosphoglycerateReach from here →
1. UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
2. alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-galactose
3. (2R)-3-phospho-glyceroyl phosphate + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate = alpha-D-glucose 1,6-bisphosphate + (2R)-3-phosphoglycerate + H(+)
Catalysed by GALT, PGM2L1cytosol
an acyl-CoAReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
2. galactosylceramidase (D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine)
3. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
Catalysed by UGT8, GALC, ASAH1, ACER2 and 2 morecytosol, lysosome, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes
alpha-D-glucose 1,6-bisphosphateReach from here →
1. UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
2. alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-galactose
3. (2R)-3-phospho-glyceroyl phosphate + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate = alpha-D-glucose 1,6-bisphosphate + (2R)-3-phosphoglycerate + H(+)
Catalysed by GALT, PGM2L1cytosolOne of 2 routes
UDP-alpha-D-glucoseReach from here →
1. UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
2. alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-galactose
3. alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-galactose
Catalysed by GALTcytosolOne of 6 routes
sphing-4-enine 1-phosphateReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
2. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
3. sphing-4-enine + ATP = sphing-4-enine 1-phosphate + ADP + H(+)
Catalysed by SPHK2, SPHK1cytosol
beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamineReach from here →
1. UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
2. alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-galactose
3. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + UDP-alpha-D-galactose = beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + UDP + H(+)
Catalysed by GALT, B4GALT3, B4GALT4, B4GALT2 and 1 morecytosol
D-glucose 6-phosphateReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
2. galactosylceramidase (D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine)
3. D-glucose + ADP = D-glucose 6-phosphate + AMP + H(+)
Catalysed by UGT8, GALC, ADPGKcytosol, lysosomeOne of 2 routes
GDP-alpha-D-glucoseReach from here →
1. UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
2. alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-galactose
3. GDP-alpha-D-glucose + phosphate = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + GDP + H(+)
Catalysed by GALT, GDPGP1cytosol
a globoside GalGb4Cer (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
1. alpha 1,4-galactosyltransferase (P blood group) (LacCer pool)
2. globotriaosylceramide 3-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (globotriaosylceramide)
3. a globoside Gb4Cer (d18:1(4E)) + UDP-alpha-D-galactose = a globoside GalGb4Cer (d18:1(4E)) + UDP + H(+)
Catalysed by A4GALT, B3GALT5cytosolOne of 2 routes
an all-trans-retinyl esterReach from here →
1. alpha 1,4-galactosyltransferase (P blood group) (LacCer pool)
2. a globoside Gb3Cer (d18:1(4E)) + H2O = a lysoGb3(d18:1(4E)) + a fatty acid
3. an all-trans-retinyl ester + H2O = 11-cis-retinol + a fatty acid + H(+)
Catalysed by A4GALT, ASAH1, RPE65cytosol
1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
2. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
3. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
Catalysed by PAFAH2cytosol
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamineReach from here →
1. UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
2. alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-galactose
3. UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine(out) + UDP-alpha-D-galactose(in) = UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine(in) + UDP-alpha-D-galactose(out)
Catalysed by GALT, SLC35A2cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes
N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
2. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
3. N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = dodecanoate + sphing-4-enine
Catalysed by NAAA, ASAH1, ACER2, ASAH2cytosol