CHEBI:28862

Three steps

• all-trans-18-hydroxyretinoateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. unspecific monooxygenase (retinoate)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 29 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• a phenyl acetateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. a phenyl acetate + H2O = a phenol + acetate + H(+)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 6 morecytosol, extracellular space

• N-hexadecanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N-dodecanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N-decanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. decanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-decanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N-octanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. octanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-octanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• L-homoarginineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. mitothioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-homoarginine(in) + L-arginine(out) = L-homoarginine(out) + L-arginine(in)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-homocarnosineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. Formation of homocarnosine

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamideReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamine + glycine + ATP = N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• L-cystine-bis-glycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• glycyldehydrophenylalanineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. glycyldehydrophenylalanine + H2O = 2,3-didehydrophenylalanine + glycine

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-O-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)acetamidineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + L-glutamine + ATP + H2O = 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-O-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + L-glutamate + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• kinetensinReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. Chymase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• an N-(fatty acyl)-glycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-glycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• acetaldehydeReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-threonine acetaldehyde-lyase (glycine-forming)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• CHEBI:15345Reach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. transport of acetoacetate and pyruvate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. Acetoacetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, AACScytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• acetoneReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. transport of acetoacetate and pyruvate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. Acetoacetate carboxy-lyase (acetone-forming)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLRcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-phenylalanine,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase(4-hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• propionyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. 2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (CoA-propanoylating)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, AGXT2, ALDH6A1cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• CHEBI:15570Reach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. alanine racemase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• CHEBI:15611Reach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine N-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Formate:tetrahydrofolate ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15699Reach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. transport of alanine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 52 routes

• trimethylenediamineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. deoxyhypusine synthase (1,3-diaminopropane)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• CHEBI:15727Reach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-histidine:beta-alanine ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• CHEBI:15765Reach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. solute carrier (L-dopa)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 5 routes

• malonateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH
  3. malonate(out) + (S)-malate(in) = malonate(in) + (S)-malate(out)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, ME2, SLC25A10cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• N-carbamoyl-L-aspartic acidReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. carbamoyl-phosphate:L-aspartate carbamoyltransferase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• sulfateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. sulfotransferase (thioredoxin)
  3. sulfite:ferricytochrome-c oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• ureaReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. mitothioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-Arginine amidinohydrolase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• guanineReach from here →
  1. ATP:dGMP phosphotransferase
  2. 2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate phosphohydrolase
  3. Deoxyguanosine:orthophosphate ribosyltransferase

  Catalysed by GUK1, ACP3, NT5E, NT5C2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-cystineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Alanine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 9 routes

• (R)-3-aminoisobutyric acidReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:16332Reach from here →
  1. dADP to dATP conversion
  2. dATP:D-fructose 6-phosphotransferase
  3. D-Fructose 6-phosphate:D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glycolaldehyde transferase

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• L-citrullineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. transport of alanine and citrulline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 39 routes

• iodideReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. thyroid peroxidase (iodine)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2'-deoxyuridineReach from here →
  1. ATP:dGDP phosphotransferase
  2. thymidine kinase (deoxyuridine)
  3. 2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate phosphohydrolase

  Catalysed by NME4, NME6, NME1, NME2 and 4 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• nitric oxideReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. mitothioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-Arginine, NADPH:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (Nitric-Oxide-Forming)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:16523Reach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. transport of D-serine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• protein polypeptide chainReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. PROTEIN_BS

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 18 routes

• N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithineReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 2-phenylacetamideReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-phenylalanine:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• CHEBI:16633Reach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• Met-tRNA(Met)Reach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-Methionine:tRNAMet ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (R)-glycerateReach from here →
  1. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  2. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. D-glycerate:NADP+ 2-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, AGXT, GRHPRcytosolOne of 4 routes

• 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. (S)-lactate + L-phenylalanine = N-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-phenylalanine + H2O

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• tryptamineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-tryptophan decarboxy-lyase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol