N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine

Three steps

• 1-decanoyl-3-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerolReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (9Z)-octadecenoate + ATP + CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate
  3. 1-decanoylglycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-decanoyl-3-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, SLC27A2, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 6 moreendoplasmic reticulum

• 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphateReach from here →
  1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate)(out) + cholesterol(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate)(in) + cholesterol(out)
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate) + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + H(+)

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, OSBP2, OSBPL2 and 13 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  3. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + UDP + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACER3, CERS1, CERS6, CERS3 and 4 moreendoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• (5Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-7-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 5 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (11Z)-docosenoyl-CoA(4-)Reach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-cetoleic acid)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 10 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(3'-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + H2O = sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+)
  3. 2 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(3'-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-1'-sn-glycerol) + sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ABHD12, CLN5endoplasmic reticulum

• (7Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((7Z)-tetradecenoic acid)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 10 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:4->C16:4), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 5 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (7Z,10Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation Trans (C18:2->C16:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 5 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (4Z,7Z)-decadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C12:3->C10:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 5 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (5Z)-octenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C10:2->C8:1), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 5 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• docosanoateReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by ACER3endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 12 routes

• octadecanoateReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by ACER3endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 15 routes

• octanoateReach from here →
  1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  2. beta-D-glucosyl-N-octanoylsphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-octanoylsphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  3. N-octanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = octanoate + sphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, ASAH1, ASAH2

• alpha-linolenic acidReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by ACER3endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 13 routes

• CHEBI:27540Reach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (hexanoic acid)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 8 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• alpha-D-galactoseReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  3. galactosylceramidase (psychosine)

  Catalysed by ACER3, GALCendoplasmic reticulum, cytosol, lysosome

• all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acidReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by ACER3endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 12 routes

• 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, PLA2G15endoplasmic reticulumOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:28701Reach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. Propanoyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 5 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 7 routes

• 17alpha-hydroxypregnenoloneReach from here →
  1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  2. 6 reduced [adrenodoxin] + cholesterol + 3 O2 + 6 H(+) = 4-methylpentanal + pregnenolone + 6 oxidized [adrenodoxin] + 4 H2O
  3. cytochrome P450 (pregnenolone)

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, CYP11A1, CYP17A1cytosolOne of 3 routes

• a fatty acidReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  3. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + a fatty acid

  Catalysed by ACER3, CERS1, CERS6, CERS3 and 8 moreendoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• chlorine(.)Reach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. Carnitine Transport by Atb0

  Catalysed by ACER3, SLC6A14endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol, extracellular space

• phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycerol + phosphocholine + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, SMPD2endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• acetateReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate

  Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, ASAH1endoplasmic reticulum

• tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by ACER3endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 13 routes

• a 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. a 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + a 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, LCAT

• hexacosanoateReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by ACER3endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 12 routes

• tetracosanoateReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by ACER3endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 13 routes

• an N-acylsphinganineReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by ACER3, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 1 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• eicosanoateReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by ACER3endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 13 routes

• (9Z)-hexadecenoateReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by ACER3endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 18 routes

• (15Z)-tetracosenoateReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by ACER3endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 13 routes

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by ACER3endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 15 routes

• (11Z)-eicosenoateReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by ACER3endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 12 routes

• 1-O-hexadecyl-2-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (9Z)-octadecenoate + ATP + CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate
  3. 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-O-hexadecyl-2-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, SLC27A2, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 6 moreendoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycerol + phosphocholine + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, SMPD2endoplasmic reticulum

• a 1-O-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  3. Acyl-CoA:1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by ACER3, LPCAT4, LPCAT3, LPCAT2 and 1 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

• 7alpha,25-dihydroxycholesterolReach from here →
  1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  2. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
  3. cytochrome P450 (25-hydroxycholesterol)

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, CH25H, CYP7B1endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• (24S)-7alpha-dihydroxycholesterolReach from here →
  1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  2. cholesterol + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)
  3. 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (24S)-7alpha-dihydroxycholesterol + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, CYP7A1, CYP46A1One of 4 routes

• D-glucoseReach from here →
  1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  2. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  3. cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + H2O = cholesterol + D-glucose

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2

• 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetyl-CoA = 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, LPCAT2, LPCAT1endoplasmic reticulum

• a 1,3-diacylglycerolReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  3. a 1-acylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = a 1,3-diacylglycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, MOGAT2, MOGAT1Golgi apparatus, cytosol

• a 1,2-diacylglycerolReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  3. a 2-acylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacylglycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, LPGAT1 and 2 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• taurineReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 2 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerolReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (9Z)-octadecenoate + ATP + CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate
  3. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, SLC27A2, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 11 moreendoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (9Z)-octadecenoate + ATP + CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate
  3. 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, SLC27A2, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 8 moreendoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• 1-O-hexadecyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA = 1-O-hexadecyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, LPCAT4endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serineReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  3. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, LPCAT4, LPCAT3, MBOAT1Golgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• glycineReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 5 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 10 routes