D-glucose

Three steps

• galactitolReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:D-glucose 4-beta-D-galactosyltransferase
  2. Lactose galactohydrolase
  3. galactitol:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by B4GALT2, LALBA, B4GALT1, LCT and 4 moreGolgi apparatus, extracellular space, cytosol

• 3-fumarylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. 3-fumarylpyruvate + H2O = fumarate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 3 morecytosol

• CHEBI:16857Reach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. thioredoxin phosphorylation

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 5 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• D-erythrose 4-phosphateReach from here →
  1. ATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. D-glucose-6-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  3. D-Fructose 6-phosphate:D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glycolaldehyde transferase

  Catalysed by HK1, GCK, HK2, HK3 and 5 morecytosol

• (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acidReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. transport of (R)-3-hydroxybutanoate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 8 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 2'-deoxyguanosineReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dADP to dATP conversion
  3. 2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate phosphohydrolase

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 9 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• 3-hydroxypyruvateReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. L-serine + pyruvate = 3-hydroxypyruvate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 3 morecytosol

• L-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. thioredoxin phosphorylation

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 5 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:17203Reach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. thioredoxin phosphorylation

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 5 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• myo-inositolReach from here →
  1. ATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. 1D-myo-inositol-3-phosphate lyase (isomerizing)
  3. 1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate phosphohydrolase

  Catalysed by HK1, GCK, HK2, HK3 and 4 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• aceneuramateReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. aceneuramate = aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 3 morecytosol

• 5'-deoxyadenosineReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 4 morecytosol

• sulfiteReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. sulfotransferase (thioredoxin)

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 6 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. thioredoxin phosphorylation

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 5 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• inosineReach from here →
  1. ITP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. IDP phosphohydrolase
  3. inosine 5'-monophosphate phosphohydrolase

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 15 morecytosol, extracellular space

• thymidineReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. deoxythymidylate kinase (dADP)
  3. thymidylate 5'-phosphohydrolase

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 11 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:17895Reach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. thioredoxin phosphorylation

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 5 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• a beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-(1<->1)-Cer(d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:D-glucose 4-beta-D-galactosyltransferase
  2. Lactose galactohydrolase
  3. beta-galactosidase (galactose)

  Catalysed by B4GALT2, LALBA, B4GALT1, LCT and 3 moreGolgi apparatus, extracellular space

• sucroseReach from here →
  1. Aldehyde Reductase
  2. D-Glucitol:NAD+ 2-oxidoreductase
  3. sucrose + H2O = beta-D-fructose + alpha-D-glucose

  Catalysed by SORD, SIcytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:18019Reach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. thioredoxin phosphorylation

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 5 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• L-glutamineReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. thioredoxin phosphorylation

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 5 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• dTTPReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. ATP:dADP phosphotransferase
  3. nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (dADP)

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 6 morecytosolOne of 14 routes

• keto-D-fructose 1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. Aldehyde Reductase
  2. D-Glucitol:NAD+ 2-oxidoreductase
  3. ATP:D-fructose 1-phosphotransferase

  Catalysed by SORD, KHKcytosol

• thioredoxin disulfideReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate:oxydized-thioredoxin 2'-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 5 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 12 routes

• CHEBI:18381Reach from here →
  1. ITP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. IDP phosphohydrolase
  3. IMP 1,2-hydrolase (decyclizing)

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 9 morecytosol, extracellular space

• superoxideReach from here →
  1. D-glucose + ADP = D-glucose 6-phosphate + AMP + H(+)
  2. NAADP(+) + D-glucose 6-phosphate = NAADPH + 6-phospho-D-glucono-1,5-lactone + H(+)
  3. NAADPH + 2 O2 = NAADP(+) + 2 superoxide + H(+)

  Catalysed by ADPGK, G6PD, NOX5

• 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 3 morecytosol

• 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 3 morecytosol

• 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 3 morecytosol

• dUMPReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase (dADP)
  3. dCMP aminohydrolase

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 2 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:28862Reach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. 2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-diphosphate:oxidized-thioredoxin 2'-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 5 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 6 routes

• CHEBI:29052Reach from here →
  1. ATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. D-glucose-6-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  3. sedoheptulose-7-phosphate:D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glyceronetransferase

  Catalysed by HK1, GCK, HK2, HK3 and 3 morecytosol

• L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. thioredoxin phosphorylation

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 5 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• acetateReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 7 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• formic acidReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 7 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• propionic acidReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. transport of propanoate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 8 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• butyric acidReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 8 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 3-hydroxypyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 3 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. 3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine = beta-alanine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 3 morecytosol

• D-serineReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. D-serine = pyruvate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 3 morecytosol

• (R)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. (R)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 3 morecytosol

• (S)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. (S)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• 2-iminopropanoateReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. 2-iminopropanoate + H2O = pyruvate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 3 morecytosol

• phosphoenolpyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 2 morecytosol

• N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acidReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 3 morecytosol

• a 3-acylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 3 morecytosol

• glycineReach from here →
  1. dATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  3. thioredoxin phosphorylation

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 5 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• XMPReach from here →
  1. ITP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. IDP phosphohydrolase
  3. IMP:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 10 morecytosol, extracellular space

• D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphateReach from here →
  1. ATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. D-glucose-6-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  3. sedoheptulose-7-phosphate:D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glyceronetransferase

  Catalysed by HK1, GCK, HK2, HK3 and 3 morecytosol

• N(6)-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-AMPReach from here →
  1. ITP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase
  2. IDP phosphohydrolase
  3. IMP:L-aspartate ligase (GDP-forming)

  Catalysed by HK1, HK2, HK3, HKDC1 and 10 morecytosol, extracellular space