psychosine

Three steps

• beta-D-xylosyl-(1<->1')-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + (9Z)-octadecenoate
  3. N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + UDP-alpha-D-xylose = beta-D-xylosyl-(1<->1')-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + UDP + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 morecytosol

• a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  3. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + UDP + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 3 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• a lysoGb3(d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. alpha 1,4-galactosyltransferase (P blood group) (LacCer pool)
  3. a globoside Gb3Cer (d18:1(4E)) + H2O = a lysoGb3(d18:1(4E)) + a fatty acid

  Catalysed by A4GALT, ASAH1cytosol

• octadecanoateReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. sphing-4-enine + octadecanoyl-CoA = N-octadecanoylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  3. N-octadecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + octadecanoate

  Catalysed by CERS1, TLCD3B, CERS2, CERS4 and 3 morecytosol

• a ganglioside GA2 (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. glucosylceramide pool to LacCer pool conversion
  3. beta-1,4-N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase (LacCer pool)

  Catalysed by ALG1L2, B4GALT5, B3GALT2, B4GALT3 and 32 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• a ganglioside GA1 (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GM2)
  3. a ganglioside GM1 (d18:1(4E)) + H2O = a ganglioside GA1 (d18:1(4E)) + N-acetylneuraminate

  Catalysed by B3GALT4, NEU3cytosol

• elaidic acidReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + (9Z)-octadecenoate
  3. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 1 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus

• 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15cytosolOne of 3 routes

• a neolactoside IV(2)-alpha-Fuc-nLc4Cer(d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (lc3Cer)
  3. a neolactoside nLc4Cer(d18:1(4E)) + GDP-beta-L-fucose = a neolactoside IV(2)-alpha-Fuc-nLc4Cer(d18:1(4E)) + GDP + H(+)

  Catalysed by B4GALT3, B4GALT4, B4GALT2, B4GALT1 and 2 morecytosol

• alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)- beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide beta-(1,3)-galactosyltransferase (lc3Cer)
  3. type 1 galactoside alpha-(1,2)-fucosyltransferase (GDP-L-fucose)

  Catalysed by B3GALT2, B3GALT5, B3GALT1, FUT1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• a fatty acidReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  3. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + a fatty acid

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 8 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycerol + phosphocholine + H(+)

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, SMPD2cytosol

• acetateReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, ASAH1cytosol

• tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. N-tetradecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + tetradecanoate
  3. N-tetradecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + tetradecanoate

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ASAH2cytosol

• (9Z)-octadecenoateReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + (9Z)-octadecenoate
  3. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 1 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• tetracosanoateReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. tetracosanoyl-CoA + sphing-4-enine = N-tetracosanoyl-sphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  3. N-tetracosanoyl-sphing-4-enine + H2O = tetracosanoate + sphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by CERS2, ACER2, ACER1cytosol

• eicosanoateReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. eicosanoyl-CoA + sphing-4-enine = N-eicosanoyl-sphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  3. N-eicosanoyl-sphing-4-enine + H2O = eicosanoate + sphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by TLCD3B, CERS2, ACER2cytosol

• (15Z)-tetracosenoateReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. N-(15Z-tetracosenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = (15Z)-tetracosenoate + sphing-4-enine
  3. N-(15Z-tetracosenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = (15Z)-tetracosenoate + sphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2cytosol

• 1-O-hexadecyl-2-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-O-hexadecyl-2-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, LPCAT4cytosol

• 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycerol + phosphocholine + H(+)

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, SMPD2cytosol

• fatty acidReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  3. N-Acylsphingosine amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 3 morecytosol, lysosome

• N-acetylneuraminateReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GM2)
  3. a ganglioside GM1 (d18:1(4E)) + H2O = a ganglioside GA1 (d18:1(4E)) + N-acetylneuraminate

  Catalysed by B3GALT4, NEU3cytosolOne of 2 routes

• D-galactoseReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. alpha 1,4-galactosyltransferase (P blood group) (LacCer pool)
  3. a globoside Gb3Cer (d18:1(4E)) + H2O = a beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-(1<->1)-Cer(d18:1(4E)) + D-galactose

  Catalysed by A4GALT, GLAcytosolOne of 3 routes

• D-glucoseReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
  3. galactosylceramidase (D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine)

  Catalysed by UGT8, GALCcytosol, lysosomeOne of 3 routes

• 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetyl-CoA = 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, LPCAT2, LPCAT1cytosol

• N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acidReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GM2)
  3. Sialidase, Cytosol (Neu2)

  Catalysed by B3GALT4, NEU2cytosolOne of 3 routes

• an isogloboside iGb3Cer (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. glucosylceramide pool to LacCer pool conversion
  3. a beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-(1<->1)-Cer(d18:1(4E)) + UDP-alpha-D-galactose = an isogloboside iGb3Cer (d18:1(4E)) + UDP + H(+)

  Catalysed by ALG1L2, B4GALT5, B3GALT2, B4GALT3 and 32 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• 1-O-hexadecyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA = 1-O-hexadecyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, LPCAT4cytosolOne of 2 routes

• an N-acylsphing-4-enine 1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  3. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + ATP = an N-acylsphing-4-enine 1-phosphate + ADP + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 4 morecytosol

• a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15cytosol

• a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15cytosol

• phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. sphing-4-enine + ATP = sphing-4-enine 1-phosphate + ADP + H(+)
  3. sphing-4-enine 1-phosphate = (2E)-hexadecenal + phosphoethanolamine

  Catalysed by SPHK2, SPHK1, SGPL1cytosol

• an acyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  3. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 6 morecytosol, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
  3. alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-galactose

  Catalysed by GALTcytosol

• a neolactoside IV(3)-alpha-NeuAc-nLc4Cer(d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (lc3Cer)
  3. ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase (CMP-N-acetylneuraminate)

  Catalysed by B4GALT3, B4GALT4, B4GALT2, B4GALT1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• a ganglioside GM3 (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. glucosylceramide pool to LacCer pool conversion
  3. ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase (CMP-N-acetylneuraminate)

  Catalysed by ALG1L2, B4GALT5, B3GALT2, B4GALT3 and 32 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15cytosol

• a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15cytosol

• 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15cytosol

• a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15cytosol

• a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15cytosol

• UDP-alpha-D-galactoseReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
  3. alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-alpha-D-galactose

  Catalysed by GALTcytosol

• a ganglioside GM2 (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GM2)
  3. beta-galactosidase (GM1)

  Catalysed by B3GALT4, LCT, GLB1, GLB1L and 1 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• 1-O-hexadecyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-O-hexadecyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, LPCAT1cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1-octadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15cytosol

• N-(hexadecanoyl)-sphing-4-enine-1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. sphing-4-enine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  3. N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + ATP = N-(hexadecanoyl)-sphing-4-enine-1-phosphate + ADP + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS6, TLCD3B, CERS5, CERS2 and 1 morecytosol

• 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15cytosolOne of 3 routes

• an N-acylsphing-4-enine 1-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  3. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acylsphing-4-enine 1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 5 morecytosol

• 1-(beta-D-galactosyl)-N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = dodecanoate + sphing-4-enine
  3. 1-(beta-D-galactosyl)-N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-galactoside + N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by NAAA, ASAH1, ACER2, ASAH2 and 2 morecytosol