palmitoyl-CoA

Two steps

• 1-acylglycerone 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. Acyl-CoA:glycerone-phosphate O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by GNPATcytosol

• phosphatidylethanolamineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by LPCAT4, LPCAT3, LPCAT2, LPCAT1 and 1 morecytosol

• 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+)Reach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by LPCAT4, LPCAT3, LPCAT2, LPCAT1cytosol

• 11-cis-retinolReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 6 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• phosphatidic acidReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 2-O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by AGPAT2, LCLAT1, MBOAT1, MBOAT2 and 5 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 7 routes

• (R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. palmitoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase
  2. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1BperoxisomeOne of 3 routes

• oxaloacetateReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. ATP citrate lyase (citrate)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 2 morecytosol

• CHEBI:16566Reach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:L-serine C-palmitoyltransferase (decarboxylating)
  2. Sphinganine:NADP+ 3-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SPTLC1, SPTLC2, SPTLC3, KDSRcytosol

• 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase (palmitoyl-CoA)
  2. 1-acylglycerol-3P-LD-TG1 pool (liver tissue) formation

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4, GPAMcytosolOne of 9 routes

• a cholesterol esterReach from here →
  1. Acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase
  2. cholesterol-ester plasma pool to cholesterol-ester-10,13,16,19-docosa conversion

  Catalysed by SOAT2, SOAT1endoplasmic reticulumOne of 4 routes

• S-(9Z-hexadecenoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. palmitoyl-CoA desaturase (N-C16:0CoA -> N-C16:1CoA)
  2. (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + H2O = S-(9Z-hexadecenoyl)-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by SCD, NUDT19cytosol

• N-octadecanoyl-heptadecasphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. fatty-acyl-CoA synthase (N-C18:0CoA)
  2. heptadecasphing-4-enine + octadecanoyl-CoA = N-octadecanoyl-heptadecasphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS1cytosol

• anilineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 3 morecytosol

• CHEBI:17312Reach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 1-(alk-1-enyl)-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. Acyl-CoA:1-alkenylglycerophosphoethanolamine O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by LPCAT4, LPCAT3, LPCAT2, LPCAT1cytosol

• L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• hexadecanalReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. 2 H+[c] + NADH[c] + palmitate[c] = H2O[c] + hexadecanal[c] + NAD+[c]

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:3->C16:3), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. a 2-acylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by MOGAT2, AWAT2, MOGAT1cytosol

• a triacylglycerolReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 1 morecytosol

• CHEBI:17927Reach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 1 morecytosol

• O-octanoyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. Beta Oxidation of Long Chain Fatty Acid
  2. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase

  Catalysed by ACADM, ACADS, CROTmitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• superoxideReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. 11-peroxy-docosahexaenoate to DHA conversion

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 1 morecytosol

• 1-octadecanoyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. fatty-acyl-CoA synthase (N-C18:0CoA)
  2. a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + octadecanoyl-CoA = 1-octadecanoyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA

  Catalysed by LPGAT1cytosol

• 1-octanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerolReach from here →
  1. Beta Oxidation of Long Chain Fatty Acid
  2. 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + octanoyl-CoA = 1-octanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by ACADM, ACADS, MOGAT2, MOGAT1mitochondrial matrix

• (5Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-7-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (11Z)-docosenoyl-CoA(4-)Reach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-cetoleic acid)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 9 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (7Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. palmitoyl-CoA desaturase (N-C16:0CoA -> N-C16:1CoA)
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C16:1->C14:1), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SCD, HADHA, ACADVL, HADHBcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 11 routes

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:4->C16:4), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (7Z,10Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation Trans (C18:2->C16:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (4Z,7Z)-decadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C12:3->C10:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (5Z)-octenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C10:2->C8:1), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• octadecanoateReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. Fas180

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• octanoateReach from here →
  1. Beta Oxidation of Long Chain Fatty Acid
  2. Octanoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by ACADM, ACADS, ACOT7mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:27540Reach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (hexanoic acid)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 7 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• elaidic acidReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (elaidate)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 9 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acidReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. 11-peroxy-docosahexaenoate to DHA conversion

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 1 morecytosol

• CHEBI:28701Reach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. Propanoyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 4 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 7 routes

• tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C16->C14), Mitochondrial
  2. Myristoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by HADHA, ACADVL, HADHB, ACOT7 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• an N-acylsphinganineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. sphingosine N-acyltransferase (sphinganine)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 2 morecytosol

• octadecan-1-olReach from here →
  1. fatty-acyl-CoA synthase (N-C18:0CoA)
  2. octadecanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H(+) = octadecan-1-ol + 2 NADP(+) + CoA

  Catalysed by FAR1, FAR2cytosol

• (9Z)-hexadecenoateReach from here →
  1. palmitoyl-CoA desaturase (N-C16:0CoA -> N-C16:1CoA)
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by SCD, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 2 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• fatty acidReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• a 1-O-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. Acyl-CoA:1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by LPCAT4, LPCAT3, LPCAT2, LPCAT1cytosol

• a 1,3-diacylglycerolReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. a 1-acylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = a 1,3-diacylglycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by MOGAT2, MOGAT1cytosol

• a 1,2-diacylglycerolReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. a 2-acylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacylglycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by MOGAT2, MOGAT3, LPGAT1, TMEM68 and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• taurineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 16-hydroxyhexadecanoateReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. Fatty Acid Omega Oxidation (C16->W-Ohc16), Endoplasmatic Reticulum

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 3 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  2. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + CoA

  Catalysed by LPCAT4, LPCAT3, MBOAT1cytosol

• glycineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4, ACOT1 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 10 routes