acetylcholine

Three steps

• estroneReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Estrone 3-sulfate sulfohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, STSextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• propanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. propanoate(in) + estrone 3-sulfate(out) = propanoate(out) + estrone 3-sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, SLC22A9extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• anilineReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. Acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHAT, NAT2 and 1 morecytosol

• aceneuramateReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. aceneuramate = aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• CHEBI:17312Reach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHATcytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5'-deoxyadenosineReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 5 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 5 routes

• sulfiteReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Sulfide:glutathione,quinone oxidoreductase
  3. Persulfide dioxygenase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SQOR, ETHE1extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. aryl sulfotransferase (PAPS)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1A2, SULT1A3, SULT1A4 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-thyroxine sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-thyroxine + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = L-thyroxine sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1A2, SULT1A3, SULT1A4 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine sulfate + AH2

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, DIO1cytosol

• 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, DIO1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + AH2

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, DIO1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-acetylserotoninReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1A2, AANATextracellular space, cytosol

• (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:3->C16:3), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHAT, HADHA and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• CHEBI:17724Reach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Formation of Homocystine
  3. Trimethylaminoacetate:L-homosysteine S-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, BHMT, BHMT2extracellular space, cytosol

• glycine betaineReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline dehydrogenase (choline)
  3. p-cumic alcohol:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, ALDH7A1cytosolOne of 7 routes

• urateReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of L-lactate and urate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 5 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophanReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + H(+) = serotonin + CO2

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1A2, DDCextracellular space, cytosol

• prostaglandin F1Reach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of prostaglandin E1 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin E1 + NADPH + H(+) = prostaglandin F1 + NADP(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, DHRS1extracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:17895Reach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Transport of L-Tyrosine by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC5A7, SLC6A14cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 6 routes

• all-trans-retinalReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. retinoate reduction

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space

• CHEBI:17927Reach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHATcytosol

• butanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. butanoate(out) + estrone 3-sulfate(in) = butanoate(in) + estrone 3-sulfate(out)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, SLC22A9extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:18019Reach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC5A7, SLC6A14cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• 4-fumarylacetoacetateReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and acetoacetate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 4-fumarylacetoacetate + H2O = acetoacetate + fumarate + H(+)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• L-glutamineReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC5A7, SLC6A14cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 5 routes

• dTDPReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 5 morecytosol, extracellular space

• (R)-3,4-dihydroxymandelaldehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-noradrenaline + O2 + H2O = (R)-3,4-dihydroxymandelaldehyde + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1A2, MAOA, MAOBextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:18095Reach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC5A7, CLTRN and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space

• CHEBI:18183Reach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  3. gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase ((5-L-glutamyl)-L-amino acid)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, GGT1, GGT5 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• N-carbamoyl-beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Transport of 3-Ureidopropionate

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC5A7cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• (R)-normetanephrineReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:catechol O-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1A2, COMT, LRTOMTextracellular space, cytosol

• 3',5'-diiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. 3',5'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, DIO3cytosol

• 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Formation of Homocystine
  3. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, MTRextracellular space, cytosol

• S-disulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-cysteine = S-disulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, CARS2extracellular space, cytosol

• (5Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-7-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHAT, HADHA and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• O-[(5Z),(8Z),(11Z),(14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-beta-D-glucuronateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = O-[(5Z),(8Z),(11Z),(14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-beta-D-glucuronate + UDP

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, UGT1A9, UGT2B7 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 20-O-(beta-D-glucuronosyl)-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division (Rnd) Tcdb:2.A.60.1.5
  3. 20-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = 20-O-(beta-D-glucuronosyl)-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + UDP + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, UGT2B7, UGT1A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 15-O-(beta-D-glucuronosyl)-prostaglandin B1Reach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of prostaglandin B1 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin B1 + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = 15-O-(beta-D-glucuronosyl)-prostaglandin B1 + UDP + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, UGT1A9, UGT2B7 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 3-iodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. 3-iodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,5-diiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, DIO1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• (11Z)-docosenoyl-CoA(4-)Reach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-cetoleic acid)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHAT, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• 3-iodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. 3-iodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, DIO1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• (7Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((7Z)-tetradecenoic acid)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHAT, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 8 routes

• 3'-iodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. 3'-iodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3',5'-diiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, DIO1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• serotonin O-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. serotonin + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = serotonin O-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1A2, SULT1A3, SULT1A4extracellular space, cytosol

• (R)-noradrenaline 4'-O-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. sulfotransferase (noradrenaline)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1A2, SULT1A3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3-iodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, DIO3cytosol